• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.353-361
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the distribution of naturalized plants in Jeollanamdo which is located in the south-western areas of Korea from May 10, 2005 to December 20, 2006, and to suggeste the management methods of naturalized plants. The naturalized plants constisted of 29 families, 84 genera, 122 species, 8 varieties, totaling 130 taxa and ratio of naturalization was 45 percents at the study sites. According to the number of species investigated from each sites, 103 taxa were from Yeongam, 98 taxa were from Mokpo, 97 taxa were from Shinan, while it was higher in the other sites. A total of 30 naturalized plant communities were classified. In those eight sites, the common appearance communities were Robinia pseudo-acacia, Amorpha fruticosa, Bromus catharticus, Eragrostis curvula, Festuca arundinacea, Festuca myuros, Lolium multiflorum, Lolium perenne, Paspalum distichum var. indutum, Rumex obtusifolius, Oenothera biennis, Lepidium apetalum, Trifolium repens, Ambrosia artemisiofolia var. elatior, Comos bipinnatus, Rudbeckia bicolor, Erigeron annuus, Erigeron annuus-Erigeron canadensis, Coreopsis lanceolata, Cosmos sulphureus community. The distributional characteristics of naturalized plants were divided on the basis of six areas associated with ecological characteristics of a habitat

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.671-679
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• 1997

Approximate composition and mineral content of eighty seven medicinal herbs marketed in Korea was analyzed on the basis of their dried weight. From the results anlyzed, it was known that Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seem. (22.4%), Portulaca oleracea L. (20.6%), Torilis japonica DC. (15.0%) in crude ash, Ziziyphus spinosa Hu. (39.9%), Alisma orientale Juzep. (30.6%), Lepidium latifolium L. (28.8%), Cassia tora L. (27.5%) in crude protein, Ziziyphus spinosa Hu. (27.9%), Xantnium strumarium L. (24.0%), Perilla frutescens var. acuta Kude (22.8%), Benincasa hispida Cong. (22.4%) in crude lipid, Vitex rotundifolia L. (59.5%), Ganoderma lucidum Karst (53.9%), Pinus densifiora Sieb. et Zucc. (46.4%), Sambucus williamsii Hanse (41.2%) in crude fiber, and Poria cocos Wolf (91.2%), Gastrodiae elata Blume (87.9%), Gentiana scabra Bunge (86.3%), Rehnannia glutinosa Libosch (86.0%) in nitrogen free extract exhibited higher content than other kinds. Phosphrous contents were 1.5, 1.1 and 1.0% in order of Taxillus chinensis Danser, Malva verticillata L., Nelumbo nucifera Gaeten, and magnesium contents were 0.7, 0.5 and 0.5% in the order of Saururus chinesis Baill., Salivia milltriorrhiza Bunge and Pueraria thunberglans Benth. Calcium contents of Cimicifuge heradeifolia Komarov, Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seem. and Rhus vericiflura Stokes were 8.5, 7.1 and 3.0%, and potassium contents of Tricholoma matsutake Sing., Houttuynia cordata Thunb., Achyranthes japonica Nakai were 5.6, 5,4 and 4.7%, respectively. Sodium contents were 2.1, 0.6 and 0.3% in the order of Boshinakia rossica Fedtsch., Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. and Prunus mume Seib., and iron contents were 0.3, 0.2 and 0.2% in the order of Cirsium japonicum var, ussuriense Kitamuraa, Gentiana scabra Bunge and Phlomis umbrosa Turcz.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.271-286
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• 2002

To understand the status of vegetational composition of Jungnangcheon, 21 plots in 7 sites were investigated in June 2001 and flora survey was done during the period from June to September 2001. The results obtained from this study were as follows: Vegetational compositions of 7 sites in Jungnangcheon area were different site by site and plot by plot. In lower(nearest) point, Phalaris arundinacea, Potentilla supina, Rorippa islandica, Chenopodium album, Beckmannia syzigachne and Chenopodium ficifolium showed higher constancy and frequency. Bromus japonicus, Humulus japonicus, Conyza canadensis, Elymus tsukusiensis var. transiens showed higher constancy and frequency in middle point and Bromus japonicus, Chenopodium ficifolium, Artemisia princeps var. orientalis showed in upper point. Bromus japonicus, Chenopodium ficifolium, Humulus japonicus, Conyza canadensis, Elymus tsukusiensis var. transiens, Artemisia princeps var. orientalis and Lepidium uirginicum appeared at more than 9 polts in 21 sample plots. Number of naturalized plants in Jungnangcheon area were 79 taxa. Total naturalized index(NI) and urbanized index(UI) were recorded as 29.2%, 27.9%. 253 taxa including 50 families 169 genera 224 species 1 subspecies 27 varieties 1 forma were recorded in Jungnangcheon area. Therophyte(Th) was the most common dormancy form recorded in survey area. Geophyte(G) and Hemicryptophyte(H) were calculated as 7.1%, 17.8% and it was the lower value compared to those of other dormancy form. Consequently, Th-R$_{5}$-D$_4$-e was recorded as the most common life form in Jungnangcheon.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.498-515
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• 2011

The flora of Juwangsan National Park was surveyed. The field works was done for seven times from March to October 2008. Endangered species designated by The Ministry of Environment in Juwangsan National Park were found to be Hylotelephium ussuriense (KOM.) H. OHBA, Berchemia berchemiaefolia (MAK.) KOIDZ, Jeffersonia dubia BENTH., Iris odaesanensis Y.N.LEE and Acanthopanax senticosus (RUPR. et MAX.) HARMS, Lilium cernum KOM., Thalictrum coreanum LEV.(7 taxa). The floristic special plants were recorded to a total of 88 taxa; that is, degree V species (8 family 9 taxa) were containing as Jeffersonia dubia BENTH., Berchemia berchemiaefolia (MAK.) KOIDZ, Lilium cernum KOM., etc, degree IV species (4 family 5 taxa) were Cimicifuga heracleifolia KOM., Anemone reflexa STEPH. et WILLD., Patrinia rupestris JUSS., etc, degree III species (16 family 18 taxa) were containing; Pyrrosia petiolosa (CHRIST.et BARONI) CHING, Exochorda serratifolia S. MOORE., Aristolochia manshuriensis KOM., etc, degree II species (14 family 18 taxa) were Paeonia japonica MIYABE et TAKEDA, Isopyrum raddeanum (REGEL) MAX., Cypripedium macramthum SW., etc and degree I species (30 family 38 taxa) were Botrychium virginianum (L.) SW., Chloranthus japonicus SIEB., Dictamnus dasycarpus TURCZ., etc. 15 taxa that included Salix hulteni FLODERUS, Celtis choseniana NAKAI, Clematis trichotoma NAKAI, Vicia venosissima NAKAI, etc. were found to be endemic to korea and 21 taxa that included ; Bilderdykia dumetora (L.) DUM., Bilderdykia convolvulus DUM., Lepidium apetalum WILLD., Amorpha fruticosa L. and Symphytum offcinale L., Hibiscus trionum L. etc. were identified as naturalized plants.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 1987

These experiments were conducted to recognize the germination change in relation to storage period, using 25 kinds of field-collected weed seeds stored under the dry and low temperature ($4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$), and to establish a simple germination induction methods in some kinds of them. No or weak dormancy was observed in Lepidium virginicum, Rumex japonicus, Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense, Aeschnomene indica and Ludwigia prostrate. The germination of Digltaria sanguinalis, Portulaca oleracea, Amaranthus spp., Echinochloa crux-galli, Polygonum persicaria, Cyperus iria, and Aeschynnmene indica was enhanced by $H_2SO_4$ treatment for 20, 2, 2, 50, 40, 3 or 5 minutes, respectively. Favorable germination in Polygonum persicaria and Echinochloa crus-galli was obtained by soaking in water for 25 days and 50 days, respectively. Moisture treatment for 21 days and 14 days caused the enhancement of germination in Cyperus difformis and Aneilema keisak, respectively. Combination of various treatments in Cyperus iria was most effective when the seeds treated with $H_2SO_4$ for 3 minutes incubated in alternating temp. after soaking in 0.2% $KNO_3$, but their effect on Digitaria sanguinnlis was little.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.187-196
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• 2010

A total of 10 islands (Kumodo and Komundo in Yeosu City; Oinarodo in Goheung County; Chongsando, Soando, and Pogildo in Wando County; Chodo in Jindo County; Uido, Huksando, and Hongdo in Shinan County) were surveyed to confirm distribution of naturalized plants from June 2006 to December 2008. A total of 100 naturalized plants taxa from 25 families were recorded. The highest number of naturalized plant species (82 taxa) was recorded on Oinarodo, while the lowest number was recorded on Hongdo (42 taxa) and on Uido (34 taxa). A total of 26 naturalized species taxa (such as Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne, Bromus unioloides, Rumex obtusifolius, Chenopodium album, Phytolacca americana, Barbarea vulgaris, Lepidium apetalum, Robinia pseudo-acacia, Trifolium repens, Erigeron annuus, Erigeron canadensis, Senecio vulgaris, Xanthium strumarium) was recorded in all study areas. Distribution of naturalized plants were categorized into 7 habitat types based on ecological traits: afforested land, beach, port, and vacant land, road boundary, road cut and slope area, waste arable land, landfill area, and wetland. Systematic management is required to conserve unique landscape, species diversity, vegetation and ecosystem of Dadohae National Park. In order to manage the naturalized plants in Dadohae National Park, basic surveys are most needed to understand distribution and dispersal of naturalized plants communities based on ecological features of each habitat type.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2019

In the process of adapting climate change, the government needs to provide policy and technical support necessary for growing promising crops imported from abroad. Therefore, this study was conducted to survey and analyze the conditions of growth of imported foreign crops and to derive response tasks. As a result, tropical and subtropical vegetables were cultivated 18 crops in 920 farms in 321 ha area (in 2015 year). The cultivation scale decreased in the order of Curcuma aromatica, Momordica charantia, Asparagus aethiopicus, Allium hookeri and Herbs. Tropical and subtropical fruits were cultivated 9 crops in 264 farms in 106.5 ha area (in 2015 year). Special and medicinal crops introduced abroad cultivated 10 crops in 753 farms in 276.3 ha area (in 2015 year). The cultivation scale decreased in the order of Curcuma longa, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Lepidium meyenii and Moringa oleifera. For the stable settlement of domestic growth of tropical and subtropical crops introduced abroad, there should be safety and economic feasibility in terms of the cultivation environment according to the domestic culture adaptation test. Consideration needs to be given to the use of locally grown products in Korea, the securing of distribution and sales markets, and the competitiveness of imported products.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.231-244
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to offer the basic information for the rational management plan in construction and running of eco-forest by analyzing the vascular plant of the constructreserved site of eco-forest in Mt. Daeun, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do. The vascular plants were 280 taxa; 75 families, 179 genera, 245 species, 3 subspecies, 28 varieties and 4 forma. The Korean endemic plants were 6 taxa including Pseudostellaria coreana, Stewartia pseudocamellia, Primula modesta var. hannasanensis and so forth. The rare plants were Juniperus chinensis var.sargentii, Prunus yedoensis, Primula modesta var. hannasanensis, Chionanthus retusus and Scopolia japonica. The naturalized plants were 14 taxa including Rumex acetosella, Lepidium apetalum, Trifolium repens, Oenothera biennis, Veronica persica and so forth. The invasive alien plants were Rumex acetosella and Ambrosia artemisiifolia. Specific plant species by floristic region were total 24 taxa; Prunus yedoensis and Primula modesta var. hannasanensis in class V, Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii and Acer pictum subsp. mono in class IV, 5 taxa including Dryopteris bissentiana, Scolopolia japonica and so forth in class III, Pseudostellaria coreana, Potentilla dickinsii and Chionanthus retusus in class II, 12 taxa including Acotinum jaluense, Clematis patens and so forth in class I.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.25-35
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• 2018

Objectives : Lepidii seu Descurainiae Semen has been frequently adulterated with the seeds of several inauthentic plant species. However, the accurate identification of these plant seeds is very difficult. To develop a reliable genetic authentication tool for Lepidii seu Descurainiae Semen, we analyzed matK sequence. Methods : To obtain the matK sequences of plant materials, genomic DNA was extracted from 24 samples and PCR amplification was carried out using matK-AF/matK-8R universal primer set and matK-LDSF/matK-LDSR primer set. For identifying species-specific nucleotides and phylogenetic analysis, matK regions were sequenced and comparatively analyzed by the ClustalW and Maximum Likelihood method. Results : We developed a new primer set to amplify matK region in Lepidii seu Descurainiae Semen and closely related plant samples. From the comparative analysis of matK sequences, we identified species-specific marker nucleotides for D. sophia, L. apetalum, L. latifolium, E. cheiranthoides, E. macilentum, and D. nemorosa, respectively. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis revealed clear classification depending on the species. These results indicated that the matK sequence obtained a new primer set in this study was useful to identify Lepidii seu Descurainiae Semen in species level. Conclusions : We developed a primer set and identified species-specific marker nucleotides enough to distinguish authentic Lepidii seu Descurainiae Semen and adulterants at the species level based on the matK sequences. These genetic tool will be useful to prevent adulteration and to standardize the quality of Lepidii seu Descurainiae Semen.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.35-58
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• 2023

In this study, we conducted a flora survey at Mt.Bakdal (363m) and Mt. Myeongbong (245.3m) in Paju-si, Gyeonggi-do. A total of 405 taxa, including 2 forms, 32 varieties, 8 subspecies, 363 species, 261 genera, and 87 families, were surveyed in the two mountain areas. The ferns were identified as 12 taxa from 6 families, the gymnosperms as 6 taxa from 2 families, the dicotyledonous plants as 290 taxa from 70 families, and the monocotyledonous plants as 97 taxa from 9 families. The remarkable plants included 8 taxa of the Korean endemic plants, which were Populus tomentiglandulosa, Salix koriyanagi, Clematis brachyura, Viola seoulensis, Forsythia koreana, Paulownia coreana, Weigela subsessilis, and Hemerocallis hakuunensis, and 3 taxa of the rare and endangered plants as designated by the Korea Forest Service, including Tylophora floribunda as Vulnerable (VU) species, and Viola albida and Chionanthus retusus as Least Concern (LC) species. The invasive alien plants were 35 taxa, including Rumex crispus, Phytolacca americana, Cerastium glomeratum, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium ficifolium, Lepidium virginicum, Amorpha fruticosa, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Trifolium repens, accounting for 8.5 percent of the 405 taxa of the surveyed plants. We intend to further identify plants through the studies on unsurveyed areas in the western part of the DMZ, identify the native habitats of rare and specialty plants, and use them as basic data for managing ecosystem-disturbing plants.