• 대한가정학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1979

The functional problems of the basic pattern of clothing are a matter of the first importance to clothing construction. Therefore, the ergonomic analysis of the expansion and contraction of the upper body surface, due to motion, has become required. thus in order to obtain the measurements and rate of expansion and contraction of the upper body surface following from its motions, the development figure of " Shell" and somatometry were employed. The results obtained through the investigation can be summarized as follows : 1) According to the developmental figures of "Shell" the latitudes centering around the shoulder line present contractive tendencies by arm movement. The longitudes around the center back waist length are expansive tendencies when bent forward. In the case of a 15$^{\circ}$ lean backward posture, the longitudes around the center front waist length are expansive tendencies. 2) By somatometry, the region from the scapula to the axilla point the upper back with presents the greatest expansion (more than 30%). The region from scapla to arm presents the maximum rate of contraction. In considering the longitude , under the axilla waist length and the bust point waist length generally shows the greatest rate of expansion. 3) The bust point waist length and under the axilla waist length are of great importance to the basic pattern of clothing. and have expansive tendencies(6.3cm). Among the latitudes, the upper back width has the greatest tendency for expansion (7.83 cm). 4) The region which presents the greatest rate of the expansion and contraction is in the proximity of the arm. These results testify that the amount of room of the back width must be given consideration in constructing the basic pattern of clothing.pattern of clothing.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.71-71
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• 2017

Stable stand establishment is pre-requisite in direct rice seeding system for obtaining optimal yield of rice crop in rain-fed and waterlogged areas. Anaerobic condition on waterlogged soil causes low germination which significantly reduces crop yield. Due to low availability of tolerant genetic material for anaerobic germination, there is urgent need to evaluate rice germplasm for better germinability under anaerobic conditions. Seeds of the 185 rice accessions were evaluated for germination vigor and coleoptile length under anaerobic conditions. The variation among germplasm was tested for significance using analysis of variance and various multivariate components. Significant level of variation was observed among all accessions for germination vigor and coleoptiles length. Although highest mean values for coleoptiles length (2.1cm) and germination rate (60%) were observed in japonica accessions but maximum coleoptile length (4.68cm) and germination rate (96%) was found in indica genotype CO18. A highly significant and positive correlation was also observed between germination vigor and coleoptiles length, which signify the importance of elongated coleoptile under anaerobic conditions. The PCA analysis illustrated that 97.24% variation was accounted by PC1 while PC2 and PC3 explained 2.54% and 0.24% variation for germination vigor and coleoptile length. PCA scattered plot divided the accessions in four various groups. All AG tolerant accessions were included in group I. Likewise in the case of cluster analysis, two major clades (I and II) were formed. All accessions showing >40% germination rate were included in clade I, whereas all other accessions with <40% germination rate were grouped in clade II. Further more highly tolerant accessions (>80% germination) were grouped in sub-cluster IA.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.967-972
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• 2013

질소산화물 저감에 큰 효과가 있는 MILD 연소는 고온의 배기가스가 연소로내에 유입되는 양에 따라 질소산화물 저감 특성이 많은 영향을 받는다. 본 연구에서는 동심원관 형태의 MILD 연소로에서 바깥 원통의 배기가스 통로에서부터 안쪽 원통의 연소통로 사이에 연결관을 설치하고 배기가스를 유입하기 위해 coanda 노즐을 사용하였다. 이러한 coanda 노즐의 기하학적 형상 변화에 따라 고압공기 유량, 배기가스 유입량 특성을 수치해석을 통해 살펴봄으로써 최적의 coanda 노즐 형상을 도출하는 것을 본 연구의 목적으로 하였다. 본 연구의 전산 해석의 결과는 conada 노즐의 노즐 통로 간격이 0.5 mm, 노즐 각도 $4^{\circ}$, 노즐 확관 길이 146 mm일 때 최적의 유입량비가 되었고 노즐 통로 수직 길이는 유입량비에 무관하였다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.760-768
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• 2007

Statement of problem. Conventional denture treatment for totally edentulous patients is associated with a variety of functional and psychosocial problems. The placement of implants in the anterior region of the maxilla and mandible and the fabrication of an implant-retained overdenture might solve these problems. Purpose. This study compared the marginal bone loss around the implant and evaluated the implant survival rate and complications in patients treated with overdentures retained by implants for 2 years. Material and methods. Patients who had received implant-retained overdentures using a Dolder bar at Samsung Medical Center from January 1999 to June 2005 and had participated in the annual recall programs for two years were selected for this study. A total of 18 patients and 56 $Br{\aa}ne-mark\;system^{(R)}$ implants were used, and their data were reviewed. Evaluations of the survival rate, bone quality, marginal bone loss, and complications were performed. The data on the Dolder bar length and clip length were measured. The change in marginal bone loss and the correlation between the marginal bone loss and bar length, clip length, or bone quality were investigated. Results. Implants placed in this study showed a 100% survival rate. The average annual bone loss was 1.12mm in the first year and 0.27mm in the second year in the maxilla, and 0.58mm in the first year and 0.22mm in the second year in the mandible. The marginal bone loss in the maxilla showed no significant association with those in the mandible. (P>.05). There was no significant difference in marginal bone loss around implants between the first and second year. (P>.05) There was no statistically significant relationship (P>.05) between the marginal bone loss and bone quality, clip length, or Dolder bar length. The Dolder bar length showed a high correlation with the clip length. (P<.05) Various complications were noted. Conclusion. These results confirmed the favorable outcome for patients treated with implant-retained overdentures.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2000

Psudomonas sp. RY-1이 생성하는 extracellular depolymerase system을 이용하여 단위체의 결가지에 서로 다른 탄소 길이와 불포와기를 함유하는 medium-chain-length polyhdroxyalkanoates (MCL-PHAs)의 생분해도를 시럼실 조건에서 조사하였다. 생분애도는 평파내지에서의 clear zone 형성, 효소 처리에 의한 고분자 현탁액의 탁도 감소 및 호흡량의 경시적 변화로 측정하였다. Pseudomonas sp. RY-1은 MCL-PHA depolymerase의 생성을 통하여 조사된 모든 종류의 MCl-PHAs를 분해할 수 있었으나, 이 효소의 생성은 쉽게 이용될수 있는 이차기질에 의해 저해받는 것으로 나타났다. MCl-PHAs의 분해율이 단위체의 탄소수가 홀수개로 구성된 고분자에 비하여 보다 높았다. 곁가지에 분포화기를 함유한 MCl-PHAs는 불포화기를 갖지 아니하는 고분자에 비하여 분해가 빠르게 이루어졌으며, 이들의 분해는 고분자의 결정화도와 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 복식
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.58-71
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the increments of body measurements of the teenage boys between the ages of 13 and 18 and provide a fundamental data for apparel manufacturers in order for them to make clothing that reflect the appropriate body characteristics of the teenage boys. The total of 1587 male subjects between the ages of 13 and 18, from the 5th Anthropometric survey of Korea (Size Korea) data, were used for this study. The changes in the body dimensions were analyzed with anthropometric measurements and anthropometric index mesurements. First, anthropometric measurement results show that most of the height related measurements increased in accordance with age, and that the boys between the ages of 13 and 15 experience dramatic growth. Standard deviation is the largest between the age of thirteen and fourteen which indicates that in these ages there is a wide difference in a growth rate Second, anthropometric index measurement results show that in accordance with age, bust, waist and hip depth/width rate decreased; however, waist and hip depth/width rate increased at the age of 18. In accordance with age, upper body length rate increased, whereas lower body length rate decreased. Bust circumference, armhole length, and upperarm circumference rate increased gradually, whereas waist circumference decreased.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.474-481
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• 2006

In this paper, a new type blow head was developed and pneumatic application system was evaluated. The blow head had one operating factor, inserting length of collecting plate, that was directly related to discharge rate and application pattern. To determine Proper blow head arrangement and application height, a blow head set was tested. Three-way ANOVA was conducted to investigate relationships between CV value, the discharge rate and inserting length of collecting plate. The discharge rate and inserting length of collecting plate were statistically significant at p=0.01, affecting uniformity of application pattern. The best CV value among the application tests was 23.3% when the application rate and application height was 23.5 g/sec and 80 cm respectively. The worst CV value was 63.3% in 111.4 g/sec. Therefore, it is necessary to increase number of blow head in a section of the boom in improve application uniformity.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2018

PURPOSE. The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of single short implants, less than 8 mm in length, placed in the posterior area. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total of 128 patients (75 male and 53 female, mean age: $52.6{\pm}11.2years$) with 154 implants participated. Implant marginal bone loss, and survival and success rates were measured. RESULTS. The mean follow-up period was $51.35{\pm}24.97months$. A total of 128 implants, 8 mm in length, were placed in patients who had mean marginal bone loss of 0.75 mm. These implants had a survival rate of 95.3%. Twenty-six implants, 7 mm in length, were placed in areas with a mean marginal bone loss of 0.78 mm and had a survival rate of 96.2%. Both marginal bone loss and survival rate were not statistically different among the groups. In the maxilla, 34 implants showed a mean marginal bone loss of 0.77 mm and a survival rate of 97.1%. In the mandible, 120 implants showed a mean marginal bone loss of 0.75 mm and a survival rate of 95.0%. The average marginal bone loss around all implants was $0.76{\pm}0.27mm$ at the last follow-up review after functional loading. The survival rate was 95.6% and success rate was 93.5%. CONCLUSION. In our study, single short implants less than 8 mm in length in the posterior areas had favorable clinical outcomes.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제109권4호
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• pp.413-420
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• 2020

본 연구는 체세포배 발아 식물체의 세포 라인별, 순화용 기질별 생육 특성을 분석하여, 일본잎갈나무 조직 배양묘의 순화 중 생존율을 높이려는 방안을 마련하고자 실시하였다. 체세포배 발아 식물체는 라인 L14-66, L16-18, L17-B4를 사용하였으며, 순화용 기질은 낙엽송 전용 상토, 원예용 상토, 엘리포트, 피트플러그를 사용하였다. 평균 초기 신초와 뿌리 길이는 L14-66 라인이 가장 짧았고, L17-B4 라인이 가장 길었다. 세포 라인별 평균 생존율은 L17-B4 라인이 87.0%로 가장 높았고, L14-66 라인이 64.3%로 가장 낮았다. 순화용 기질별 생존율은 엘리포트와 피트플러그에서 각각 88.5%, 88.9%로 가장 높았다. L14-66 라인의 초기 신초 길이는 낙엽송 전용 상토(r = 0.852), 원예용 상토(r = 0.692), 엘리포트(r = 0.867)에서 생존율과 상관이 높았으나, 전 질소 함량이 높은 피트플러그에서는 상관이 없었다. L17-B4 라인의 초기 신초 길이는 모든 순화용 기질에서 생존율과 상관이 없었다. L14-66 라인의 초기 뿌리 길이는 낙엽송 전용 상토(r = 0.986), 엘리포트(r = 0.846), 피트플러그(r = 0.802)에서 생존율과 상관이 높았으며, 유식물체의 생존율은 초기 뿌리 길이가 길수록 높았다. L17-B4 라인의 초기 뿌리 길이는 낙엽송 전용 상토(r = 0.896)와 엘리포트(r = 0.696)에서만 생존율과 상관을 보였다. 결론적으로, 유식물체의 생존율을 높이기 위해서 신초 길이보다 뿌리 길이를 우선 고려해야 하며, 피트플러그와 같이 기질 내 질소 함량이 높은 재료를 사용하거나 순화 과정 중에 질소 시비를 높여 주는 것이 좋다. 또한, 생존율을 높이기 위해 초기 생장이 빠른 라인 개발도 함께 이루어져야 한다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.1139-1145
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• 2011

기존 봉합사를 이용한 미세혈관수술의 단점을 개선한 기계식 미세혈관 문합시스템은 크게 문합링-핀 시스템 및 디바이스로 구분된다. 유한요소해석을 이용한 본 연구에서 문합링파트는 생체적합성과 사출성형 가공성이 우수한 High Density Polyethylene(HDPE)가 적용되었고, 마이크로핀은 SUS316, Ti-6Al-4Nb, Ti-6Al-4V, unalloyed titanium 이상 4가지 재료가 적용되었다. 미세혈관 문합링 마이크로핀의 fillet radius, neck length가 von Mises stress 변화에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 Short Neck(SN)과 Long Neck(LN)으로 구분하고, 필렛이 존재하지 않는 경우(SN-1, LN-1)와 존재하는 경우(SN-2, SN-3, LN-2, LN-3)로 구분하였다. 필렛 유무와 형상에 대한 von Mises stress의 변화비인 Fillet Radius Rate(FRR)와 동일 필렛형상 내에서 neck 길이변화에 따른 von Mises stress의 변화비인 Neck Length Rate(NLR)의 결과를 종합해본 결과 SN-3의 마이크로핀 neck 형상이 가장 안전한 설계 형상임을 파악할 수 있었다.