• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.35-39
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• 2001

It is important to accelerate rooting and establishment of seedlings after transplanting for higher dry matter production and tuber yield in sweet potato cultivation. Therefore, this study was conducted to obtain some information about the effects of vine-cutting holding on rooting and plant growth after transplanting. Vines were cut 20-25cm long and stored for 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9 days in a shade room at 20$\pm$0.5$^{\circ}C$, RH 68$\pm$,/TEX>1%. Peroxidase activity in the vine cuttings increased as the holding period increased and the highest catalase activity was detected in the 5-day holding. Length of main vine, number of branches and nodes on main vine also increased in the 5-day holding. There was little difference in the diameter of main vine among the various holding periods. The data obtained indicate that transplanting of vine cuttings after 5-day holding could promote rooting and vine growth.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Potoscience Conference
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• spring
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• pp.97-103
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• 2003

Phytochrome controls diverse aspects of plant development in response to the ambient light conditions. HFRl, a basic helix-loop-helix protein, is required for a subset of phytochrome A (phy A)-mediated photo-responses in Arabidopsis. Here, we show that overexpression of HFR1-N105, but not the one of the full-length HFR1, confers exaggerated photo-responses. The transgenic plants overexpressing HFR1- N105 exhibited light-independence in a subset of photo-responses, including germination, de-etiolation, gravitropic hypocotyl growth, and blocking of greening. Overexpression of HFR1-N105 also caused constitutive light-responses in the expression of some light-regulated genes. In addition, the HFR1-N105 overexpressor showed hypersensitive responses under R and FR light, dependently on phyB and phyA, respectively. End-of-day far-red light response and petiole elongation were suppressed in the HFR1-N105 overexpressor plants. Together these results imply that overexpression of HFR1-N105 activated a branch of light signaling, supporting the hypothesis that transcriptional regulation in the nucleus would be the primary mechanism of light signaling in Arabidopsis. We discuss the biotechnological potential of the mutant bHLH protein, HFR1-N105 in regard to suppressed shade avoidance syndrome.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.716-724
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to investigate the washing methods specified on care labels of blue jeans and to examine the appropriateness of the specification. In the study, the present condition of care labels on 100% cotton blue jeans was investigated and the consumers' washing methods of blue jeans were surveyed. Also, the shrinkage of blue jeans after washing was measured. The major results were as follows: 1. In spite of the fact that same materials of 100% cotton denim were used in all cases, washing signs on care labels showed very differently and the symbols of hand wash, using light duty detergent, no wring, drying in shade, and warm ironing with a covering cloth were demanding too high level of care for the protection of blue jeans. 2. Almost all consumers didn't follow instructions proposed on care labels because they didn't anticipate problem. In reality, most consumers washed blue jeans by machine in cold water with heavy duty detergent at standard course, dried under the sun, and didn't iron. The 40.8% of consumers didn't have problems even if they didn't follow instructions. Most problems happened after washing were shrinkage in length, but in shrinkage test after 15 times washings, it was found that there was no serious shrinkage problem. 3. For ideal care of blue jean, it is necessary for manufacturers to recognize the importance of care label and to stick correct appropriate care label. Also, consumers have to trust and follow instructions on care label.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.49-49
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• 2017

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr.) grows naturally under shading of tree canopy, therefore shading levels take a main role for an optimal growth of sugar palm seedlings. The study was conducted to examine the effect of shading levels on the seedlings growth of sugar palm for up to 11 months under four shading levels: S0 (100% of full sunlight or non-shading), S1 (32% shading level), S2 (56% shading level), and S3 (64% shading level). Sugar palm seedlings grown under the shade (32, 56, and 64%) showed better plant height, stem diameter, leaf size, petiole and rachis length, chlorophyll content, root fresh and dry weights, root volume, and total biomass than those grown without shading. Although there were no significant different responses among the shading treatments on plant height, biomass dry weight, leaf morphological characters, chlorophyll content, and SPAD value, the S2 treatment showed a significant effect on a better root characters. Therefore, it can be concluded that the S2 treatment, 56% shading level, is an optimal shading condition for sugar palm seedlings.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 1965

It has already been noted that some tree species, denoted as tolerant species, endure to behavior shadiness in growth than those species, denoted as intolerant species, since this fact of tolerance must be involved in silvicultural practice, the present author, with pinus rigida, pinus Thunbergii, and Buxus koreana, investigated the relation of degree of shadiness to soil moisture condition. Because tolerant and intolerant trees must be considered from the standpoint of their ability to use any of the factors that are likely to be at low concentration in the dense or open forest. The observed results may be summarized as follows : 1. The ability of tolerance of the species to shadiness is differently concluded by the base with which the analysis was made, i.c. Height, growth, diameter growth, T-R ratio or dry matter increase and so on. Regarding this point root collar increment or dry matter increase were considered more reasonable bases for discussing the tolerability. 2. When total length growth, including both stem and root, is taken as standard for the comparison of the ability of tolerance for each species, higher soil moisture condition and thicker shadeniss lessened the ability of pinus rigida, seedlings. Pinus Thunbergii, showed. However more moisture resistant than pinus rigida. Buxus koreana, seemed to have stronger ability of tolerance than any others. 3. When total dry matter content taken as standard, the results obtained are given in Fig, 3. In pinus rigida, the soil moisture supplemented the lack of light.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.713-720
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• 2017

We present a non-photo realistic pen-ink drawing method for outlining and shading of the input image. Especially, we focus on the detailed illustration of the image of which stroke's direction is important. The pen-ink renderer is an alternative display models user can generate traditional illustration renderings of their photo realistic image. The previously proposed pen drawing methods produce feasible description in general image but it is difficult to express in detail for the sophisticated images that need to consider the direction of stroke for each image region. In order to overcome the disadvantages of the conventional method, a direction vector is extracted from a tensor field and we determine a stroke's direction in consideration of not only an edge area but also a gradient of a surrounding area in the image. For more detailed description for the sophisticated image, we generate white noises based on the light and shade of the input image and determine the direction and length of the stroke by using the tensor field for each generated white noise. The proposed method works particularly well for traditional architectural images where the direction and detailed description of the pen is important.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.14-14
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• 2015

Cellular aspects of sooty mold on walnut leaves were investigated by using light and electron microscopy. A black coating developed on the adaxial leaf surface of a walnut tree. No infestations were found on the abaxial leaf surface with peltate glandular trichomes. Light microscopy showed that fungal complexes from the leaf surface were composed of brown conidia and hyphae. Conidia, with longitudinal and transverse septa, were variable in length ranging from 10 to $30{\mu}m$, and commonly found in clusters, forming microsclerotia. Neither epidermal penetration nor hyphal entrance to host tissues was observed. Based on their morphological characteristics, the fungal complexes were assumed to be Capnodium species. An electron-dense melanized layer was present on the cell wall of multi-celled conidia. Concentric bodies in the fungal cytoplasm had an electron-translucent core surrounded by an electron-dense margin with a fibrillar sheath. Chloroplasts without starch granules in the palisade mesophyll cells of sooty leaves had electron-dense stromata and swollen plastoglobuli. These results suggest that the epiphytic growth of fungal complexes can be attributed to the melanized layer and concentric bodies against a water-deficient environment on the leaf surface. Ultrastructural characteristics of the sooty leaves indicate typical features of dark-adapted and non-photosynthetic shade leaves.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.117-120
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• 2001

This study is a preliminary research to develop design principles for environmentally friendly housing. The purposes of study are to investigate the literatures related passive design for summer and theory of ventilation, to analyze the indoor airflow patterns in traditional Korean house during summer, and to propose the design factors for effective passive cooling system. The analysis for airflow patterns was focused on the ‘An bang’and the ‘Dae Chung’in the ‘An Chae’of a traditional house located in Seoul. Field measurements of air temperature and air velocity were carried out at 30 different measuring points with 8 different window-opening conditions. The measurements were taken on the hottest summer days in August 2000. It is concluded that from an environmentally friendly standpoint design factors to control indoor thermal environment by a passive cooling system during the summer are as follows; ceiling structure has thermal performance like a time-lag effect, optimum height and length of eaves which can prevent sunlight and divert airflow toward the sitting level, building arrangement acceptable the prevailing wind, strategic window arrangement which makes cross ventilation possible (especially north-south) at the sitting level, window opening condition which is possible to intersect two cross-ventilation stream at the main living areas, northward windows remaining in shade to create the air pressure difference, and planning building shape like a bracket that has optimum width and depth.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2000

The rail temperature is important to preserve the joint gap for standard length of rail and to determine the installation temperature which has direct influence on the rail buckling and failure in welded part for continuous welded rail(CWR), Therefore, we have measured and investigated various characteristics of rail temperature for each kind of rail. As the results of this, the correlation between the atmosphere temperature and the rail temperature which is commonly used by Korean Railway should be reconsidered. Also, the daily highest '||'&'||' lowest rail temperature was occurred when each temperature is higher and when it's lower. For the light rail, the rail temperature by the sun-light increases quickly and decreases late. But the time where the highest temperature is attained is same. There are some differences between the shade and sunny place about 3.0∼4.0$\^{C}$. The temperature of rail web is almost close to the conversion rail temperature for rail expansion. The wind of 1 m/s has an influence on the rail temperature around 5$\^{C}$.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.263-277
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• 2008

In picture bible, the picture is helpful for showing story more vividly and specifically and it is helpful for finding the meaning of bible hidden behind familiarity. It plays the role of the most powerful testimony and expression, with which human provides himself. The purpose of study was to grasp the relation among historical background of the middle age, human's characteristic and symbolic color by considering the fact that the costume expressed in Maciejowski Bible, which is a picture bible of the middle age and observing type, color and decoration of costume. Among 46 folios organizing Maciejowski Bible, 129 pictures explaining the Book of Genesis, the Book of Exodus, the Book of Leviticus, the Book of Numbers, the Book of Deuteronomy, the Book of Joshua and the Book of Judges, which belong to the former 400 years of the old Testament, were analyzed for people's costumes. The pictures shown in Maciejowski Bible portrays object, costume and behavior on the background of France of the 13th century so we can find out the precious natures of middle age's costume, weapon and armor. Especially, the portrait about finger armor of chain mail attached in hauberk becomes the outstanding evidence that can encroach the discussion over whether it was used in the end of 1300s. Regarding costumes of main characters, they wore chemise and braies as underwear, wore tunic or cotte having various lengths from the length reaching knee to the length reaching 8round as basic costume and wore mantle with different-colored lining and hose with various colors. In the war picture, we can see hauberk made with chain mail and cyclas with long slit, which was worn over hauberk, barrel helmet, norman helmet and steel school cap. Regarding cap. man usually wore coif, beret, shade-shaped cap, straw hat and woman wore the decoration using veil and hairlace and used the method to wrap whole hair with net. As the colors used in the costume of the picture bible, scarlet, blue, green and brown were usually used in order. They usually wore costumes decorated splendidly with the colors haying hish brightness and chroma.