• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.270-280
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• 2007

The objectives of study are to investigate the relationship between Sasang Constitution(四象醫學) and measuring items of the head and face and to develop useful diagnosis standard of Sasang Constitution. Subjects took QSCCII(Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification II) tests repeatedly at an interval of one year and were diagnosed as same constitutions. The 9 Items were measured by Martin-type anthropometric method in 112 subjects. Compared with measurements of 3 constitutions, the mean values in Taeeum-in(太陰人) showed highest and there were significant differences in 7 items between Taeeum-in(太陰人) and other constitutions. Especially, Measurements of Bitragus to Submandibular Arc Length(BSAL) item and Bitragus to Menton Arc Length(BMAL) item showed significant differences between Taeeum-in(太陰人) male and other constitutions male. It seems that BSAL and BMA items can differentiate Taeeum-in(太陰人) from other constitutions and these items have possibility to be a diagnosis standard of Sasang Constitution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.66-75
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• 1990

This study is conducted to establish the structural standard of tube and coupler scaffold which is suitable for our present stuation through the comparison analysis for domestic and foreign standards as well as measurement of field survey. The results of this study are as follows ： 1) The load is classified by three categories, light-duty(equal and lower than 150kg/m$^2$), medium-duty(150-250 kg/m$^2$), heavy-duty(250-350kg/m$^2$), and the equivalent horizontal length of side posts is each, 1.5-1.8m, 1.2-1.5m, equal and lower than 1.2m, and the equivalent horizontal length between front and rear posts is each 1.2-1.5m, 0.9-1.2m, equal and lower thatn 0.9m, in accordance with the load classification. 2) The height between upper and lower runner is equal and lower than 1.5m, and the brace across the width of scaffold should be installed within 15m in horizontal direction at 45 degree angle. 3) The entire scaffold should be securely tied to the wall of permanent structure with uslng anchor and bolt at intervals not to exceed 6m in case of non-connection and 4.5m in case of connection in both horizontal and vertical direction. 4) The post should be installed on the sound foundation tied to lumber footing with using base plate, and standard platform plank should be produced in the factory and widely used in the construction field.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.264-267
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• 2003

Pitch measurements of 150 nm pitch one-dimensional grating standards were carried out using an contact mode atomic force microscopy(C-AFM) with a high resolution three-axis laser interferometer. It was called as 'Nano-metrological AFM' In Nano-metrological AFM, Three laser interferometers were aligned well to the end of AFM tip. Laser sources of the three-axis laser interferometer in the nano-metrological AFM were calibrated with an I$_2$-stablilzed He-Ne laser at a wavelength of 633 nm. So, the Abbe error was minimized and the result of the pitch measurement using the nano-metrological AFM has a traceability to the length standard directly. The uncertainty in the pitch measurement was estimated in accordance with the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement(GUM). The Primary source of uncertainty in the pitch-measurements was derived from repeatability of pitch-measurement, and its value was approx 0.186 nm. Expanded uncertainty(k=2) of less than 5.23 nm was obtained. It is suggested that the metrological AFM is a useful tool for the nano-metrological standard calibration.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.29 no.11 s.242
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• pp.1551-1559
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• 2005

This paper explains manufacturing process and experimental studies on a composite carbody of Korean tilting train. The composite carbody with length of 23m was manufactured as a sandwich structure composed of a 40mm-thick aluminium honeycomb core and 5mm-thick woven fabric carbon/epoxy face. In order to evaluate structural behavior and safety of the composite carbody, the static load tests such as vertical load, end compressive load, torsional load and 3-point support load tests have been conducted. These tests were performed under Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) 17105 standard. From the tests, maximum deflection was 12.3mm and equivalent bending stiffness of the carbody was 0.81$\times$10$^{14}$ kgf$\cdot$mm$^{2}$ Maximum stress of the composite body was lower than 12.2$\%$ of strength of the carbon/epoxy. Therefore, the composite body satisfied the Japanese Industrial Standard.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.77 no.5
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• pp.661-672
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• 2021

In this article, the role of spans number and length in fire-resistance ratings (FRRs) of fireproofed steel frames are investigated. First, over a span-lengthening scenario, two one- and three-bay frames under the ISO834 fire are examined. It is shown that the FRRs of the frames rely highly on the changes made on their span length. Second, a building designed for three spans number of three, four, and five under natural fire is investigated. The beams are designed for two load-capacity-ratios (LCRs) of optimum and ultimate. The fire curves are determined through a probabilistic-based approach. It is shown that the structural vulnerability vastly increases while the number of spans decreases. The results show that for an optimum LCR, while the five-span frame can meet the required FRR in 87% of the fire scenarios, the four- and three-span frames can meet the required FRR in only 56%, and 50% of the fire scenarios, respectively. For an ultimate LCR, the five-, four- and three-span frames can meet the required FRR in 81%, 50%, and 37.5% of the fire scenarios, respectively. Functional solutions are then proposed to resolve the insufficiencies in the results and to rectify the application of the standard-based FRRs in the cases studied. The study here highlights how employing current standard-based FRRs can endanger structural safety if they are not connected to structural characteristics; a crucial hint specifically for the structural engineering community who may be not well familiar with the fundamentals of performance-based approaches.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.32
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• pp.21-30
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• 1997

Chogori the basic upper garment of korea costume occupies an important role in tra-ditional dressing and continues to be in use to the present days. Of course there has been changes in the length and line of Chogori with the flow of time based on the Ancient Yoo. This is a study of the 14 parts of Chgori based on statistical analysis by computing the practical measuements. Here the statistical analysis is a objective and quantitative of the stylistic changes in Chogori with time. In this study from the data the Mean and Standard deviation has been evaluated and periodic change is shown by graph to test the periodic change T-test Regressional analysis Index analysis has been used. The results are as follows: 1. The length of clothing has changed with time except the sleeve length. Here the length of clothing means all the other measurements ex-cept the sleeve Thus while the measurements of sleeve length has been uniquely unchanged the other measurements have influenced each other. 2. Generally the form of Chogori had the tendency towards smallness in the 19th cen-tury. But it tended to get larger in the 20th century. 3. Compared to other periods the mode of 19th and 20th century Chogori was widely ac-cepted as the Standard deviation of that period was very narrow. 4. The results seen from the regressional analysis of the Cho-sun period woman's Chogori satisfy the t-value and R-squared and thus support the regression formula presump-tion. 5. From the index analysis it is revealed that with decrease in the armhole measurement sleeve measurement and neckband; relatively same decrease in the wrist measurement; and very marked decrease in the sideline measurement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.53-67
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the foot shape and size specification of male high school students. 3D modeling programs such as 'Artec Studio', 'CATIA', and 'Auto CAD' measured the 3D scan data of 361 male high school students provided by KATS. Through principal factor analysis, 10 factors were extracted, including foot length, medial-lateral ratio, and foot length ratio. As the result of the cluster and ANOVA with post-hoc test (Duncan method), the differences among types were clarified. Type 1 (24.7%) represented outward medial-lateral ratio (M-L ratio) with the lowest instep, ankle and little deformed first toe. Type 2 (41.8%) was characterized by the shortest, even M-L ratio, thin ankle and heel, the highest instep and ankle. Type 3 (33.5%) showed the longest, inward M-L ratio, thick ankle and heel, and deformed first toe. As the cross-tabulation of foot length and ball circumference, 17.2 percent was not covered by KS standard; in addition, the foot length was longer than the KS standard. The correlation analysis of key dimensions showed that foot length and ball circumference were highly correlated with other items; therefore, regression equations were derived to estimate other foot measurements using these two items as independent variables.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.41-47
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• 2016

The times of multiplication for encryption and decryption of cryptosystem is primarily determined by implementation efficiency of the modular exponentiation of $a^b$(mod m). The most frequently used among standard modular exponentiation methods is a standard binary method, of which n-ary($2{\leq}n{\leq}6$) is most popular. The n-ary($1{\leq}n{\leq}6$) is a square-and-multiply method which partitions $b=b_kb_{k-1}{\cdots}b_1b_{0(2)}$ into n fixed bits from right to left and squares n times and multiplies bit values. This paper proposes a variable-length partition algorithm that partitions $b_{k-1}{\cdots}b_1b_{0(2)}$ from left to right. The proposed algorithm has proved to reduce the multiplication frequency of the fixed-length partition n-ary method.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1-14
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• 2015

This study mainly analyzes that designing patterns of an adult women Jeogori that takes advantage of patterns from each textbooks and complements the disadvantages based on the analysis of data from the dress evaluation and comparison of materials. The modification of a size specification is needed for the standard body as an adjust of the length of Jogori between front and back, mediation for bust width between front and back, a movement for the based line of Sup and Godae. As a result, the suitable pattern according to the standard somatotype is as below. Jeogori Length of front is determined by the length of back which was measured from side neck point to bust point plus three centimeters, and give three and half centimeters more in front. This three and half centimeters is for the curved in front of your body due to the chest. Bust width of front and back have to show the differences of human body. Bust width of front is calculated as bust girth into quarters and add two centimeters. Bust width of back gives one centimeter behind the curve from the center line in order to reduce the floating phenomenon. So, the amount of center back line dart is one centimeter. Arm hole girth measures as dividing bust girth into four. Also, Goedae width has two methods to measure. First, divide bust girth into ten equal parts and subtract 0.5 centimeters from it. Second, measure neck girth and divide it by four. Sleeve length is equal to Hwajang minus bust width of front. Hand wrist calculates in using bust girth. Make bust girth into quarters and multiply three fifths. Side line measures as deducting from Jeogori length of back to Arm hole girth and multiply two thirds.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.35 no.2 s.109
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• pp.91-105
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• 2005

For af accurate diagnosis and treatment planning of facial asymmetry, the use of 3-dimensional (3-D) image is indispensable. The purpose of this study was to get standard data for the 3-D analysis of facial asymmetry Computerized tomography (CT) was taken in the 60 normal occlusion individuals (30 male. 30 female) who did not have any apparent facial asymmetry. The acquired 2D CT DICOM data were input on a computer, and the reformatted 3-D images were created using a 3-D image software. Twenty three measurements were established in order to evaluate asymmetry; 15 ;omear measurements (6 for ramus length. 1 for condylar neck length, and 8 for mandibular body length) and 8 angular measurements (4 for gonial angle. 2 for frontal ramal inclination. and 2 for lateral ramal inclination) The right aid left difference of each measurement was calculated and analyzed. It is suggested that the right and left differences of the measurements obtained from the study could be used as references for the diagnosis of facial asymmetric patients.