• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2014

This research investigates the characteristics, principles, advantages, factors and problems of cluster development in Kazakhstan, and identifies the prerequisites, conditions and stages of organizing clusters on the framework of special economic zones. In this research, we used methods, which will allow analyzing of the organization industrial clusters in special economic zones in Kazakhstan. The author studied international experience of cluster development and the efficiency of the use of the model of the "rhombus effect" with account the specific features of interaction between the participants of the cluster, analysis of the legal framework for the formation and development of clusters. These have been identified as the more important or strategically necessary clusters in Kazakhstan: innovation-technological cluster, innovation-education cluster, innovation-petrochemical cluster, innovative-metallurgical cluster, transport and logistics cluster, textile industry cluster, tourism cluster, agro cluster, construction cluster, medical and pharmaceutical cluster. Firstly, the results suggest that the interaction of science, education, business and government in the development and implementation of innovation policy is not sufficiently structured to provide a balanced representation of the interests of the range of various innovative enterprises in Kazakhstan. Secondly, the legal basis of cluster development in Kazakhstan is determined. Need to develop mechanisms for the implementation of promising direction. Thirdly, the clusters can be formed in the existing special economic zones, allowing them to get right to the mass production of high-tech products that are developed.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.150-159
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the educational status and level of knowledge of nursing records. Methods: Research participants of this study were 310 senior students of five nursing colleges in two cities of South Korea. A self-report instrument was used to measure knowledge about nursing records. The descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, with SPSS/Win 21.0 program were used. Results: The experience in nursing education and necessity of nursing records education had influence on the knowledge of nursing records while the average level of knowledge was 44.15 out of 65. The correct answer rate was 77.3%, and this score was slightly higher than average. Conclusion: In order to raise the efficiency of nursing work and also to protect nurses from a risk of medical lawsuits, teaching nursing students how to make systematic and concrete nursing records should be preferentially considered for the course of college education.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.155-165
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• 2021

지방교육자치사무권 확대방안으로는 첫째, 지방교육자치제의 법체계의 혼란을 시정할 필요가 있고, 이를 위해 「지방분권 및 지방행정체제개편에 관한 특별법」 제12조 제2항과 제4항에서 "국가는 교육자치와 지방자치의 통합을 위하여 노력하여야 한다." "교육자치와 자치경찰제도의 실시에 관하여는 따로 법률로 정한다."고 한 규정은 폐지되어야 한다. 둘째, 국가수준에서 통일을 기하여야 할 불요불급한 법령사항 및 규제조치를 명료히 할 필요가 있고, 교육사무를 기본적으로 지방자치단체의 고유사무로 하고 특정사무에 대하여 국가가 수행하는 법정수탁사무제의 도입을 전향적으로 검토할 필요가 있다. 지방교육재정의 분권화는 지방교육자치제도 발전을 위하여 재원과 권한의 이양, 자율성 제고, 책임성이 요청된다. 첫째, 특별교부금 비율의 추가 조정(3%에서 2%) 또는 내 국가시책사업 비율의 하향 조정이다. 둘째, 세출예산을 편성할시 (일반회계로부터의 전입금으로 충당) 시·도지사와 협의한다는 조항을 삭제한다는 것이다. 셋째, 시·도의회의 권한을 제약하는 요소 제거이다. 네째, 국세교육세와 지방교육세를 통합하여 하나의 독립 목적세인 교육자치세(가칭)를 만들 필요가 있다. 다섯째, 교부금 총액배분 강화와 기준재정수요 측정항목에 대한 정산규정의 폐지이다. 여섯째, 교육부의 교부금 교부과정에 관계자 및 전문가 참여 확대 방안이다. 일곱째, 교육재정분야를 특수분야로 지정하여 장기보직제도를 마련할 필요가 있다. 여덟째, 협력적 거버넌스 확대이다.

• 법제연구
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• 제53호
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• pp.61-107
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• 2017

올해로 한반도가 남과 북으로 분단된 지 72년이 흘렀다. 1945년 8월, 일제로부터 해방과 동시에 남쪽은 자본주의, 북쪽은 공산주의(사회주의) 이념을 바탕으로 한 체제 갈등과 대립을 해왔다. 이러한 남북분단은 단순히 정치 경제체제에만 머물지 않고 법제도 역시 동질성을 찾기 어려운상황이 되어 버렸다. 그동안의 분단은 법제분단도 함께 동반되는 사회적현상의 결과를 낳게 되었다. 일례로 북한은 해방과 동시에 구 소련군의 주둔 하에 북한지역을 지배하면서 법적 안정을 위한 조치를 빠르게 취했다. 마르크스와 엥겔스의 역사적 유물론을 바탕으로 한 토지사유화 폐지 등 이데올로기적 상부구조의 변화를 가져왔다. 이러한 작업은 구 소련 등 다른 사회주의 국가들의경우와 같이 생산수단인 토지사유화 폐지 절차를 거쳐 국유화 정책을 단행하기에 이르렀다. 북한 정권은 민족적 독립완수와 반제적 반봉건적 관계 청산이라는 미명하에 토지개혁을 실시함으로 인해 분단 이후 남북한체제 간의 현격한 변화를 가져왔다. 본 논문에서는 우선 남북법제를 중점으로 지난 72년간 사회주의의 실험과정에서 자본주의와 대결하면서 단절된 북한 법제의 특성과 법적 환경을 탐구하고자 한다. 한편, 현재 통일을 위해 진행 중인 법제통합 연구의 현황에 대해서도 간략히 진단해 본다. 그리고 법제분단을 극복하기 위해 남북분단에 따른 남과 북 각각의 국가로서 법적 지위를 규명해 보고, 남북관계의 법적 성격과 북한법제가 갖는 한계성에 대해 살펴본다. 아울러 법제통합을 위한 기본방향을 모색해 보고, 법제분단 해소 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.681-689
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• 2012

본 연구는 장애학생들의 스마트교육 활성화를 위해 특수교사 관점에서 장애학생들의 스마트교육 활성화 정책을 도출하고 도출한 정책을 기반으로 AHP방법론을 통해 중요도 측면에서 가중치를 분석하였다. 특수교사들이 생각하는 중요한 정책은 스마트교육 콘텐츠 개발, 교수 학습, 스마트교육 네트워크 확보지원, 법률적 기반 마련, 인프라지원 순이었으며 장애학생들을 위한 실질적인 교육 콘텐츠 개발 및 교수 학습 지원 정책이 상대적으로 중요하며 장애학생들을 위한 스마트 콘텐츠 개발 활성화 및 보급 관점에서 스마트교육 정책이 시행되어야 하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2024

Purpose : This study aims to review the physical therapy training programs in the United States, Canada, Taiwan, and Japan, and propose standardization plan for clinical practice in physical therapy education to advance the development of physical therapy education in South Korea. Methods : This study investigates the clinical practice standards in advanced countries such as the United States and Canada, and refers to the clinical practice standards in Taiwan and Japan, which are members of the association of world phyisotherapy and have economic, cultural, educational, and healthcare delivery systems, as well as legal systems, similar to those of South Korea. Results : In the United States, physical therapy education programs allocate an average of 22 weeks and 880 hours for clinical practice. Foreign-trained physical therapists who wish to take the licensure exam in the United States must have their educational programs reviewed and recognized as having completed at least 1,000 hours of clinical practice. In Canada, physical therapy education programs allocate an average of 31 weeks and 1,240 hours for clinical practice. Taiwan allocates over 1,440 hours of clinical practice in its educational programs, while Japan requires 800 hours of clinical practice as a legal prerequisite for the licensure exam. Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, the following standardization plan for clinical practice of the physical therapy education in South Korea are proposed. First, a minimum of 16 weeks and 640 hours of clinical practice is necessary to produce competent physical therapists. Second, university-based basic practical training should be at least 440 hours, with the introduction of a standardized accreditation system and unification of the four-year academic system. Third, the qualifications of physical therapists who supervise clinical practice in medical institutions should be clearly defined in the curriculum, and the standards for clinical practice instructors need to be expanded.

• 의료법학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.311-330
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• 2006

As issues of education, employment and so on, the medical issue is one of the hot spots of society in China today. The health system reform which was pushed ahead after China's Revolution and open to the outside world hasn't received great progress. Many actual problems haven't been solved, for example it is difficult and expensive to see a doctor. With the development of the economy and society, the citizen's legal consciousness has gradually risen. They make a claim for better medical service. At the same time, the number of the disputes of medical care arises annually. China has sped up the opening of service trade for fulfilling promises of entry the WTO since 2001. China has already opened many service trade fields, including medical field. From the domestic perspective, there are many problems in domestic medical department. From the international perspective, China's present medical level falls behind the world advanced medical level. Under this background, it is a bold act for China to open the medical service field to foreign investors. Today, a huge medical service market is developed in China. However, the government's investment to medical devices and the financing channels is limited. Therefore, it is inevitable that individuals, social organizations and foreign investors invest to the medical market. In view of the situation, Chinese government issued a series of relevant laws and rules. In recent years, many multinational companies, consortiums, charitable institutions, enterprises and individuals establish various medical institutions in China. But there are rare research in the actuality and legal subject of foreign investment to Chinese medical market. Hence, it is necessary to realize the actuality of foreign investment to Chinese medical market, to familiar with the elements and procedure of establishing foreign joint and cooperative medical institution. Meanwhile, analyzing the existing problems and posing the legal subject have important theoretic and practical value.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2017

테러리즘은 개인적 법익에서부터 국가적 법익에 이르기까지 포괄적인 법익의 침해가 가능하다는 점에 있어 그 심각성이 크다. 그리고 이러한 법적 가치가 훼손될 경우에는 원상회복될 가능성이 매우 희박하므로 제도적 개선 및 대안적 정책을 제시하는 것 못지 않게 사전 예방적 활동의 중요성을 인식하는 것이 선행되어야 한다. 사전 예방적 작용과 절차적 합법성을 담보하기 위해서는 형사사법기관의 역할이 무엇보다 중요한데 구체적 절차 및 법적 접근이 이루어지기 전에 이들의 테러리즘 본질에 대한 인식은 어떠한지 살펴보는 것은 의미가 있을 것이다. 이 연구에서는 이러한 문제 인식을 바탕으로, 대테러리즘 인식을 살펴보기 위한 다양한 기준 중 포괄적 위기관리 모형(Comprehensive Emergency Management Model)에서 제시하고 있는 위기발생의 시차별 진행과정을 기준으로 예방과 완화, 준비, 대응, 복구 등 4단계로 분류하여 인식의 차이를 분석해 보고자 하였다.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.369-382
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aimed to develop an educational program on nursing records especially focused on legal issues, and to test the effects of the educational program on nurses' knowledge, performance, and behavior. Methods: A textbook on legal issue-focused nursing records and an instrument with 36 items rated on a 5-point scale (1-5) for measuring the nurses' charting-related performance and behavior were developed from November 2007 through March 2008. A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was employed to test the effects of the education program. Knowledge was self-reported by the Nurse Charting Knowledge Scale, while performance and behavior were measured by their nurse managers. The pretest and posttest were conducted from March through May in 2008. A total of 226 Korean nurses participated in this study. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, Chi-square, paired t-test, Spearman's coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: Nurses who received the intervention showed greater levels of knowledge (t=10.28, p<.001), performance (t=2.53, p=.013), and behavior scores (t=3.07, p=.002) than those of the control group. The factors influencing the improvement of knowledge were 'job attitude' (t=-3.32, p=.001) and 'career in present unit' (t=2.95, p=.004). The factor influencing the improvement of performance was 'career in present unit' (t=-3.39, p=.001). The factor influencing the improvement of behavior was 'job attitude' (t=-3.46, p=.001). Conclusion: The educational program on legal issue-focused nursing records was effective in improving nurse charting-related knowledge, performance, and behavior.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.207-219
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• 2019

Objectives: This study investigates the dental hygienist's main duties in clinical dental practice and examine whether dental hygienists can safely perform each duty by referring to the educational contents of dental hygiene departments and national examinations of dental hygienists. Methods: A questionnaire on the main duties of dental hygienists was administered to 477 clinical dental hygienists working at dental clinics and hospitals, general dental hospitals, and university dental hospitals in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Incheon. We divide the dental hygienists' clinical dental hygiene practice and clinical dental assist and analyze the legal scope of practice, university educational contents, and national examination contents. Statistical analysis was performed through frequency analysis, and multi-frequency data were analyzed using Excel 2013. Results: All 48 items (except 2 items of 29 dental hygiene practice and 21 assist practice items) surveyed were covered in the National Examination for Dental Hygienists and included in the Dental Hygiene Education Learning Objective. The multi-frequency clinical dental practice of eight items of clinical dental hygiene practice and two assist practice items were within the legal scope of the dental hygienist's role. Conclusions: Further discussions are needed to redefine the legal scope of the role of the dental hygienist.