• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.316-328
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• 2021

In this study, the leaf Na content prediction model for spring potato was established using 400-1000 nm hyperspectral sensor to develop the multispectral sensor for the salinity monitoring in reclaimed land. The irrigation conditions were standard, drought, and salinity (2, 4, 8 dS/m), and the irrigation amount was calculated based on the amount of evaporation. The leaves' Na contents were measured 1st and 2nd weeks after starting irrigation in the vegetative, tuber formative, and tuber growing periods, respectively. The reflectance of the leaves was converted from 5 nm to 10 nm, 25 nm, and 50 nm of FWHM (full width at half maximum) based on the 10 nm wavelength intervals. Using the variance importance in projections of partial least square regression(PLSR-VIP), ten band ratios were selected as the variables to predict salinity damage levels with Na content of spring potato leaves. The MLR(Multiple linear regression) models were estimated by removing the band ratios one by one in the order of the lowest weight among the ten band ratios. The performance of models was compared by not only R2, MAPE but also the number of band ratios, optimal FWHM to develop the compact multispectral sensor. It was an advantage to use 25 nm of FWHM to predict the amount of Na in leaves for spring potatoes during the 1st and 2nd weeks vegetative and tuber formative periods and 2 weeks tuber growing periods. The selected bandpass filters were 15 bands and mainly in red and red-edge regions such as 430/440, 490/500, 500/510, 550/560, 570/580, 590/600, 640/650, 650/660, 670/680, 680/690, 690/700, 700/710, 710/720, 720/730, 730/740 nm.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.42-50
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• 2021

Purpose: Periprosthetic fractures of a tumor prosthesis are rare but have difficulties in achieving sound fixation because of the poor bone quality, which increases the risk of loosening or re-fracture, even after bone union. A cortical strut onlay allograft was adopted for peri-prosthetic fractures after hip arthroplasty into the periprosthetic fracture of a tumor prosthesis, assuming that it would assist in firm fixation, shorten the time to union, and increase the bone stock, thereby, lower the chance of loosening and re-fracture. Materials and Methods: This study reviewed 27 patients (30 cases) of periprosthetic fracture of tumor prosthesis. Sixteen cases (allograft group) had augmentation with an onlay allograft, while 14 cases (conventional group) had internal fixation or conservative treatment. The following were assessed; mode of periprosthetic fracture, difference in the time to union between a strut cortical onlay allograft and without it, and survival of prosthesis, complication, and functional outcome between the two groups. Results: According to the unified classification system (UCS), 21 cases were type B (70.0%; B1, 14; B2, 1; B3, 6) and 9 cases were type C. The five-, 10-year survival of the 30 reconstructions by Kaplan-Meier plot was 84.5%±4.18% and 42.2%±7.83%, respectively. The average time to bone union of the entire cohort was 5.1 months (range, 2.0-11.2 months). The allograft group (3.5 months) showed a shorter period for union than the conventional group (7.2 months) (p<0.0001). All four cases of major complications occurred in the conventional group. Two cases with loosening and anterior angulation were treated with a change of prosthesis, and another with infection underwent amputation. The remaining case with loosening had conservative management. At the final follow-up, the average Musculosketal Tumor Society score of the allograft group (26.1) was better than that of the conventional group (20.9). Conclusion: Bone union in periprosthetic fractures of a tumor prosthesis can be achieved, but the minimization of complications is important. An onlay allograft facilitates firm fixation and increases the bone stock with a shortened time to union. This simple method can minimize the risk of loosening, joint contracture, and re-fracture.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.172-179
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• 2022

Sweet potato varieties with high fiber content in the storage root have poor texture when steamed or roasted. This study investigates the difference in fiber content among sweet potato varieties by soil and climate. The average fiber content of 'Hogammi', 'Sodammi', 'Pungwonmi', 'Danjami', and 'Jinyulmi' cultivars from the samples collected at farms in Haenam, Muan, and Unbong, Korea were 95.71, 66.73, 44.55, 40.55, and 38.53 mg/100g FW, respectively. There was no significant difference between site-specific conditions and varieties. Based on the degree of visual fibrousness, 'Hogammi' has an average of 3.6-4.0 with many thick stringy fibers. The fiber content of the 'Hogammi' cultivar was measured across 19 sites representing the main sweet potato growing regions of Korea. The fiber content was between 115.82 and 114.6 mg/100g in Haenam 2 and Boryeong 1, and 87.46 mg/100g in Hamyang. However, the fiber content at the remaining 16 sites was within the range of 94.63-108.52 mg/100g, although there were some site-level differences. The fiber content of the sweet potato storage roots were positively correlated with soil phosphorus (R² = 0.58^**), organic matter (R² = 0.52^*), and pH (R² = 0.51^*), which had a significance of 1% and 5%. The fiber content of sweet potato storage roots was found to have increased with increasing phosphorus content, organic matter and pH in the soil. However, there was no correlation with the amount of precipitation, days of precipitation and hours of sunshine with the fiber content of sweet potato at the selected sites.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.417-427
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• 2022

In this study, we investigated in vitro immuno-stimulatory and anti-obesity activity of fruit (LIF), leaves (LIL) and stems (LIS) from Lonicera insularis Nakai in mouse macrophages RAW264.7 cells and mouse pre-adipocytes 3T3-L1 cells. LIF, LIL and LIS increased the production of immunostimulatory factors such as nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and activated phagocytosis in RAW264.7 cells. Inhibition of toll-like receptor 2/4 (TLR2/4) partly blocked LIF, LIL and LIS mediated production of immunostimulatory factors. In addition, inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling attenuated the production of immunostimulatory factors induced by LIF, LIL and LIS. Based on these results of this study, LIF, LIL and LIS is thought to activate macrophages the production of immunostimulatory factors and phagocytosis through toll-like receptor 2/4 (TLR2/4) and MAPKs signaling pathway. In anti-obesity study, LIF reduced the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. LIF increased the protein phosphorylation expressions such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) related to the lipolysis of the adipocytes. In addition, LIF increased the expression of proteins involved in energy metabolism and brown adipose tissues differentiation such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coativator 1α (PGC-1α) and PR domain-containing16 (PRDM16). These results suggest that LIF is involved in lipid accumulation inhibition through expressing the proteins such as lipolysis and differentiation of white adipocytes to brown adipocytes.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.68 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2023

Several domestically consumed sweetpotato derivatives, such as sweetpotato starch for processing raw materials, frozen and refrigerated paste, and powder are dependent on imports. This study was conducted to examine the suitability of sweetpotato cultivars of twelve varieties (powdery-type and viscous type) cultivated in paddy fields, for use in starch, chips, dried products, and beverages. The two-year average yield results of the four cultivars suitable for starch (in order of highest to lowest yield) was as follows: Gogeonmi (4,018 kg/10a); Daeyumi (3,615 kg/10a); Jinhongmi (3,426 kg/10a); Singeonmi (2,837 kg/10a). The starch content was 20.2%, 18.2%, 21.2%, and 20.6% in Daeyumi, Gogeonmi, Singeonmi, and Jinghongmi, respectively. The total amount of starch was higher in Daeyumi (730 kg/10a) and Gogeonmi (731 kg/10a) than that in Singeonmi and Jinghongmi. The yield of Pungwonmi and Shinjami were 4,443 and 3,602 kg/10a, respectively. Powdery-type sweetpotatoes (Daeyumi and Gogeonmi) showed the low decay rates of all cultivars (0.8 and 0%, respectively). The yield of the storage root formation and storage root swelling stages by water-logging treatment decreased by 16.5% and 15.4% for Pungwonmi, and by 17.2% and 10.0% for Shinjami. Drainage management of paddy fields is necessary to reduce the damage caused by water-logging. Our results suggest that cultivation of sweetpotato varieties suitable for processing raw materials in paddy fields will enable stable yields of sweetpotato with a high starch content.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.391-396
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• 2023

Milk is an emulsion, improving texture of surimi mixture and able to suppress off flavors and abnormal tastes. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the effective properties of milk in the preparation of a surimi mixture for 3D printing. The sensory and physical properties of surimi mixtures containing 0%, 20 wt%, and 40 wt% milk were evaluated, where the unheated surimi mixture with added milk demonstrated increased firmness and adhesiveness compared to the negative control group. In addition, the hardness, adhesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness of the mixture containing 40% milk were highest, but springiness, cohesiveness, and resilience were lowest. In the sensory evaluation, as the amount of milk increased, a fishy smell, abnormal taste and texture improved, hardness and preference increased as well. From these results, it was confirmed that a surimi mixture can be prepared with milk to improve its physical and sensory properties for 3D printing when compared to the negative control mixture. In particular, it was revealed that the physical properties and preference of the surimi mixture are best when prepared with 40% milk.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2023

This study was conducted to identify items that should be considered in order to increase user satisfaction in the Jayeonmadang project by analyzing the importance and satisfaction targeting Gochang Jayeonmadang users. As a result of analysis on the importance and satisfaction of Gochang Jayeonmadang users focusing on 20 items in 6 fields, Overall, it was analyzed that they were not satisfied as they were important. In order to increase user satisfaction of Gochang Jayeonmadang, maintenance such as 'cleanliness and hygiene', 'water quality', 'vegetation growth', and 'facility management' should be carefully reflected from the planning and design stage, and careful attention should be paid even after the project. In addition, emphasis should be placed on enhancing the user convenience, such as 'accessibility', 'space layout and utilization efficiency', and 'convenience of route'. And, when promoting the Jayeonmadang project, the purpose of the project should be actively promoted to local residents to raise the residents' awareness of the importance of biodiversity in the city.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2023

Methane production by anaerobic digestion occurs through interspecies electron transfer (DIET), a synthetic metabolism between acetic and methanate bacteria through hydrolysis and acid production steps. In this study, to improve methane yield, the effect of addition of magnetite (Fe₃O₄), a conductor promoting DIET on methane production in food wastewater was investigated, and the effect on methane yield was assessed by methane potential (B_u) and maximum methane production rate [R_m(t₀)] by the operation of batch type anaerobic reactor adding Fe₃O₄. The B_u and R_m(t₀) of food wastewater without Fe₃O₄ were 0.496 Nm³/kg-VSadded and 38.24 mL/day, respectively. The t0 which reached to R_m appeared at 21.06 days during the operation of the anaerobic reactor. The B_u of food wastewater with Fe₃O₄ was 0.502, 0.498, 0.512, 0.510, 0.518, 0.523, 0.524, 0.540, and 0.549 Nm³/kg-VSadded in the treatment of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 70, and 100mM-Fe₃O₄, respectively, and the B_u significantly increased to 36.95% with the addition of magnetite in the addition of 15mM-Fe₃O₄. And, the addition of Fe₃O₄ shortened the duration to reach R_m from 21.06 days to the maximum of 14.67 days by the addition of Fe₃O₄. Therefore, the methane yield and production rate of food wastewater significantly improved with the addition of Fe₃O₄.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2022

Mushroom waste medium refers to the waste biomass generated after mushroom cultivating. And, the burden of treatment on mushroom farmhouse is increasing due to the absence of appropriate treatment method and increase of treatment costs of the mushroom waste medium. In this study, in order to assess the energy value of mushroom waste medium by an anaerobic digestion, methane potential and anaerobic organic matter decomposition characteristics were investigated. The theoretical methane potential(B_th) of mushroom medium(MM) was 0.481 Nm³-CH₄/kg-VS_added, and the B_th of mushroom waste medium(MWM) was 0.451 Nm³-CH₄/kg-VS_added. The biochemical methane potential(B_u-exp) of MWM was increased by 18% from 0.155 for MM to 0.183 Nm³-CH₄/kg-VS_added for MWM. In the reaction kinetics analysis by the Modified Gompertz model, the maximum methane production rate(R_m) was increased from 4.59 for MM to 7.21 mL/day for MWM and the lag growth phase time(λ) was decreased from 2.78 for MM to 1.96 days for MWM. In the reaction kinetics analysis by the parallel first order kinetics model, the easily degradable organic matter(VS_e) content was increased by 5.89% and the persistently degradable organic matter(VS_p) content was 2.03% in MWM, and the non-degradable organic matter(VS_NB) content was decreased by 7.85%. Therefore, it was evaluated that the anaerobic digestion efficiency of MWM was increased. The anaerobic digestion efficiency of MWM was assessed to be more improved than that of MM.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.164-171
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• 2019

Purpose: A dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma is a rare lethal tumor characterized by a low grade chondrosarcoma juxtaposed with a high grade dedifferentiated sarcoma, such as osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma. The aim of our study was to document the clinical manifestation and oncologic outcomes of a dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma. Materials and Methods: This study identified 11 patients who were diagnosed and treated for dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma between January 2007 and December 2016. The identified cohort was then reviewed regarding age, sex, symptom onset, tumor location, magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs), surgical margin, and pathologic diagnosis. The time to local recurrence and/or metastasis, follow-up duration, and the patients' final status were analyzed. Results: The patients were comprised of 7 males and 4 females with a mean age of 54 years (range, 33-80 years). The location of the tumor was in the femur in 6 cases, pelvis in 4 cases, and metatarsal in 1 case. The average tumor diameter was 12.7 cm (range, 6.0-26.1 cm). At the time of diagnosis, 2 patients showed pathologic fracture; 1 patient was Enecking stage IIA, 9 patients were stage IIB, and 1 patient was stage III. Eight patients were classified as a primary dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma and 3 patients were secondary. One of the primary lesions was misinterpreted initially as a low grade chondroid lesion by MRI and underwent curettage. Local recurrence occurred in 8 cases and distant metastasis occurred in 10 cases with a mean duration of 8 months (range, 2-23 months) and 7 months (range, 1-32 months), respectively. The three-year overall survival of patients with dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma was 18%, and 10 patients died due to disease progression. Conclusion: Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma developed lung metastases in the early period of the clinical courses and the prognosis was dismal.