• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.711-717
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• 2018

Myogenic factor 5 (MYF5) plays an important role in regulating skeletal muscle fiber characteristics, consequently affecting meat production and quality. We identified a novel p.A41P mutation in exon1 of the porcine MYF5 gene by direct sequencing. The mutation was predicted to be destabilizing in protein structure based on the resultant amino acid substitution. We estimated the significant substitution effect of p.A41P on the energy stabilization of Myf5 protein structure. Then, we demonstrated that the mutation in Yorkshire population significantly affected muscle fiber type I composition (p<0.05), loin-eye area of lean meat content (p<0.05) and filter-fluid uptake of meat quality (p<0.01). Furthermore, dominant effects significantly influenced total muscle fiber number (p<0.05). This study suggests that the novel p.A41P mutation in porcine MYF5 may be a valuable genetic marker to affect the muscle fiber characteristics and consequently improve meat production quality and quantity.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

In the first part of the paper, Computational Fluid Dynamics analysis of the combusting flow within a high-swirl lean premixed gas turbine combustor and over the $1^{st}$ row nozzle guide vanes is presented. In this analysis, the focus of the investigation is the fluid dynamics at the combustor/turbine interface and its impact on the turbine. The predictions show the existence of a highly-rotating vortex core in the combustor, which is in strong interaction with the turbine nozzle guide vanes. This has been observed to be in agreement with the temperature indicated by thermal paint observations. The results suggest that swirling flow vortex core transition phenomena play a very important role in gas turbine combustors with modern lean-premixed dry low emissions technology. As the predictability of vortex core transition phenomena has not yet been investigated sufficiently, a fundamental validation study has been initiated, with the aim of validating the predictive capability of currently-available modelling procedures for turbulent swirling flows near the sub/supercritical vortex core transition. In the second part of the paper, results are presented which analyse such transitional turbulent swirling flows in two different laboratory water test rigs. It has been observed that turbulent swirling flows of interest are dominated by low-frequency transient motion of coherent structures, which cannot be adequately simulated within the framework of steady-state RANS turbulence modelling approaches. It has been found that useful results can be obtained only by modelling strategies which resolve the three-dimensional, transient motion of coherent structures, and do not assume a scalar turbulent viscosity at all scales. These models include RSM based URANS procedures as well as LES and DES approaches.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.22-28
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• 2015

In order to keep the competitiveness of LPG fuel for transportation fuel, the difference in fuel consumption with gasoline and cost for an aftertreatment system should be reduced with continuous development of technology for LPG engine. In the present study, spray-guided type direct injection combustion system, whose configuration is composed of direct injector in the vicinity of spark plug, was employed to realize stable lean combustion. A certain level of nitrogen oxides($NO_x$) emits due to a locally rich mixture regions in the stratified mixture. With the application of EGR system for the reduction of $NO_x$, 15% of $NO_x$ reduction was achieved whereas fuel consumption and hydrocarbon emission increased. By the application of EGR, the combustion speed reduced especially appeared at initial flame development period and peak heat release rates and increasing rates for heat release rate decreased as EGR rate increased due to the dilution effect of intake air.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.345-359
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• 1993

This study was conducted to identify the factors related to the blood pressure in school children. The study subjects were 144 boys and 140 girls aged 10 years old, 4th grade student of one elementary school in Taegu City. Blood pressure and 18 variables for 284 school children were measured in May 1992. A weight-for-height index, R$\ddot{o}$hrer index(weight/$height^3$) was calculated for each individual as a measure of obesity. Body fat percent, fat weight, and lean body mass were measured by impedance fat meter(Model SIF-891). Serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, uric acid, total protein, and electrolyte were measured by automated clinical chemistry analyzer(Hitachi 4020). Low-density lipoprotein and atherogenic index were calculated by the equation. The variables assessed were sex, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure. R$\ddot{o}$hrer index, body fat percent, body fat weight, lean body mass, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, uric acid, total protein, serum electrolyte and blood glucose. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures for boys were 104.1mmHg and 66.6mmHg and those for girls were 102.9mmHg and 67.5mmHg. Systolic blood pressure of boys was positively correlated with height, weight, R$\ddot{o}$hrer index, fat weight, lean body mass, and triglyceride. Systolic blood pressure of girls was positively correlated with height, weight, lean body mass, and uric acid. Diastolic blood pressure of boys was positively correlated with weight. R$\ddot{o}$hrer index, and lean body mass. Diastolic blood pressure of girls was positively correlated with height, weight, fat weight, and lean body mass and negatively with total serum protein. In multiple regression analysis for the systolic blood pressure, the significant independent variables were R$\ddot{o}$hrer index and serum sodium in boys, and serum uric acid, fat percent, and R$\ddot{o}$hrer index in girls. In multiple regression analysis of the diastolic blood pressure, the significant independent variables were R$\ddot{o}$hrer index in boys and total serum protein in girls. This study indicated that important factors influencing blood pressure in school children were R$\ddot{o}$hrer index, fat percent, serum sodium, uric acid, and total protein. R$\ddot{o}$hrer index was most important among these. It is recommended to enforce the nutritional education for diet control of obesity to prevent hypertention in children and to adopt healthy life-styles that promote good health and prevent development of cardiovascular risk factors.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.653-663
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• 2018

Lamb has long been considered a traditional meal within Australia; however as consumer preferences have changed since the 1950's, consumption of lamb has decreased from the 1980's. This is the result of changing societal roles, particularly for females, decreasing household sizes and increasing awareness of the impact of food choices on human health. Since the 1980's improvement of farm practices and increases in genetic gains has addressed part of this decline by increasing the amount of lean meat and decreasing fat in lamb retail cuts. Yet, this has created a challenge for the industry to utilise the larger carcases now being produced. Thus, a whole value chain approach to increasing consumption has been undertaken through several research programs to create cuts which suit the modern consumer, examine nutritional and eating quality and increase adoption of value added cuts. Therefore, this paper outlines this history of changing consumer patterns and the consequent research to address these changes.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.5-39
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• 2016

Social networking applications (SNAs) are among the fastest growing web applications of recent years. In this paper, we propose a causal model to assess the success of SNAs, grounded on DeLone and McLean's updated information systems (IS) success model. In addition to their original three dimensions of quality, i.e., system quality, information quality and service quality, we propose that a fourth dimension - networking quality - contributes to SNA success. We empirically examined the proposed research model with a survey of 168 Facebook and 149 Twitter users. The data validates the significant role of networking quality in determining the focal SNA's success. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.288-298
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• 1999

In spark ignited engines, the electrical spark not only sets the time for the onset of combustion but also is able to greatly influence the character of the initial flame growth and the subsequent combustion, and thereby can influence engine performance. The relative importance of the ignition energy is particularly high under lean or high residual gas or exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). In this study, a modeling of flame Initiation and its development is proposed. Submodels consist in representing of cylinder pressure and temperature, heat transfer to cylinder wall, and flame kernel heat transfer to ambient air and to spark plug electrodes. The breakdown process and the subsequent electrical power input initially control the kernel growth while intermediate growth is mainly dominated by diffusion or conduction. Then, the flame propagates by the chemical energy, and laminar and turbulent flame velocity.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.201-205
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• 2019

This study presents neurogenesis and neuronal migration patterns of gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) neurons during mesencephalic development of mouse. After neurons from embryonic day (E) 10-16 were labelled by a single injection of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), immunohistochemistry was performed. Neurogenesis were mainly generated in the mesencephalic region at E10 to E13. After E14, BrdU positive cells were observed only in the dorsal mesencephalon. GABAergic neurons were mainly originated in the ventrolateral region of the mesencephalon at the early embryonic stage, especially at E11 to E13. E10-labeled cells showed positive for GABAergic neuron in the basal plate of the mesencephalon at E13. At E15, GABAergic neurons were observed in the entire basal plate and some regions of the ventral and dorsal mesencephalon. They were present in the whole basal plate, the ventral and dorsal mesencephalon of E17, spreading more outward of the mesencephalon at P0. Our study demonstrates that major neurogenesis of GABAergic neurons occurs at E11 to E13. However, neuronal migration continues until neonatal period during mesencephalic development.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.1109-1119
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• 2018

In this paper, we report the development of a nondestructive prediction model for lean meat percentage (LMP) in Korean pig carcasses and in the major cuts using a machine vision technique. A popular vision system in the meat industry, the VCS2000 was installed in a modern Korean slaughterhouse, and the images of half carcasses were captured using three cameras from 175 selected pork carcasses (86 castrated males and 89 females). The imaged carcasses were divided into calibration (n=135) and validation (n=39) sets and a multilinear regression (MLR) analysis was utilized to develop the prediction equation from the calibration set. The efficiency of the prediction equation was then evaluated by an independent validation set. We found that the prediction equation - developed to estimate LMP in whole carcasses based on six variables - was characterized by a coefficient of determination ($R^2_v$) value of 0.77 (root-mean square error [RMSEV] of 2.12%). In addition, the predicted LMP values for the major cuts: ham, belly, and shoulder exhibited $R^2_v$ values${\geq}0.8$ (0.73 for loin parts) with low RMSEV values. However, lower accuracy ($R^2_v=0.67$) was achieved for tenderloin cuts. These results indicate that the LMP in Korean pig carcasses and major cuts can be predicted successfully using the VCS2000-based prediction equation developed here. The ultimate advantages of this technique are compatibility and speed, as the VCS2000 imaging system can be installed in any slaughterhouse with minor modifications to facilitate the on-line and real-time prediction of LMP in pig carcasses.

• Journal of Information Technology and Architecture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.409-426
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• 2014

Korea has won 3 times in a row in the evaluation of e-government services in 2014. And the last year, the government-EA has been awarded the UN Public Service Award. Because of the development and execution of personalized integrated services based on the government-EA, Korea has won the two award from the UN. EA has been selected and proceeded as one of the 31 e-Government projects in early period, in 2005 the law which public sector must adopt the EA for efficient informatization had been enacted. Many public agencies in which actively utilized to derive such as internal and external performance through the EA. On the other hand, in the last 10 years, some public agencies have still been as recognized level of management in the EA. In this study, the main purpose is that to find out what is a major factor for successful use and result of EA, what is the EA success Model and how to examine it. To do that, this study will study the related prior research such as EA services, information systems success factors, performance measures, and develop the success model for EA and then examine the model. This study will contribute great implications in practical and theoretical in EA success model because this is the nation's first research that SERVQUAL model and the IS Success Model(DeLone & McLean 2003) has been combined and examined.