• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.126-134
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper was to examine the dynamics of the price discovery function between lean hog futures and spot markets using the vector error correction model (VECM). The researcher also investigated the existence of the long-run equilibrium relationship between the lean hog futures and spot markets. Daily time series data of lean hog futures and spot observed in the Korean market during the period from 5 Jan. 2011 to 28 Dec. 2012 were analyzed. To examine the price discovery, this study employed the Gonzalo and Granger's (1995) information ratio and Hasbrock's (1995) information ratio measurement method. The significant findings of the study are summarized as follows. First, lean hog futures and spot market are significantly correlated. Secondly, the lean hog future market plays a more dominant role in price discovery than the spot market. Finally, price discovery measures based on the VECM suggested that the lean hog future market plays a more dominant role in price discovery than the lean hog spot market. This is the important systematic empirical work to find the relationship between the lean hog future and spot market.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.3282-3287
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• 2007

Lean combustion is one of the most promising method for increasing engine efficiency and reducing the exhaust emission from SI gas engines. Due to the possibility of partial burn and misfire, however, under lean burn operation, stable flame kernel formation and fast burn rate are needed to guarantee a successful subsequent combustion. Experiment data were obtained on a single-cylinder CNG fueled SI engine to investigate the effect of direct injection, spark timing and variation of injection timing. Experimental results show that lean burn limit is ${\lambda}$=1.3 with port injection, and expansion of lean burn limit ${\lambda}$=1.4 with direct injection method, due to increase of turbulence intensity in cylinder and stratified charge. Combustion duration in lean region is improved by using the variation of injection timing.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.298-313
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• 2006

Six sigma is focused on quality improvement through variation reduction, while lean is on process flow improvement and lead time reduction by waste elimination. However, lean cannot bring a process under statistical control and six sigma alone cannot dramatically improve process speed. Lean six sigma was developed to achieve faster rate of improvement in customer satisfaction, cost, quality, process speed, and invested capital. In this paper we present the importance of using value stream mapping and suggest a guideline on how to integrate lean and six sigma by is proposed.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.117-129
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• 2018

This study examines the impact of severe weather on lean supply chains. First, this paper reviewed the literature on the disruptions and damages that severe weather events cause on supply chain. Then, several recent examples of lean supply chain disruptions due to severe weather were discussed. The results of the study indicated that the frequency of weather related disasters is increasing and extreme weather events will increase potential risks to supply chains. First, building organizational resilience will help firms look beyond efficiency and profits in managing lean supply chains. Second, the concept of sole sourcing may need rethinking to maintain a supply chain that is lean and resilient. Third, organizations must plan ahead for supply chains in unpredictable weather. Fifth, communication is a key for anticipating and avoiding the impact of severe weather. This study proposes of a set of strategies, both theoretical and practical, that business firms should develop to effectively prevent and respond to severe weather related disruptions in lean supply chains.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.19-24
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• 2002

Recent studies of a triple flame suggested that the presence of triple point (triple line in this planar configuration) could explain the mechanisms of stable fuel-lean premixed flames with equivalence ratio lower than the flammability limit. In the present study, for better understanding of the stability mechanisms of fuel rich-lean premixed flames, the fuel-rich flames were replaced with hot coils that will provide heat flux into the fuel-lean flames. It is found that the fuel-lean premixed flames could be stabilized without any triple point (triple line): however, the equivalence ratio limit for stable fuel-lean flame in this case is higher than that of the present work with the presence of fuel-rich flames. These results demonstrate that heat flux coming from fuel-rich flames should be considered in order to properly understand the roll of a triple flame for stable fuel rich-lean flames.

• International Journal of Railway
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.45-58
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• 2008

The concept of lean production originated and was applied mainly to manufacture industries Even proven successful with such companies as Toyota, lean production has to be combined railway transportation production in order to bring its function into full play. The paper analyzes for applicability of lean production in railway transportation production organization, puts forward implementation methods such as transportation resource integration, station-zone organization, dispatch command optimization, railway performance evaluation index system, etc., and makes an exemplification study of lean production of Urumqi Railway Bureau in China, which testifies the applicability and efficiency of railway lean production.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.81-84
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• 2005

We investigated the effect of inorganic impurities such as clay bricks and asphalt concrete in recycled aggregate on the properties of lean concrete. The optimized moisture content of lean concrete with clay bricks increased, because the absorption ratio of clay bricks is high. On the other hand, lean concrete with asphalt concrete produced an opposite result owing to low absorption ratio. The results showed that inorganic impurities did not have a significant effect on compressive .strength of lean concrete containing below 30$\%$ clay bricks and below 10$\%$ asphalt concrete.

• IE interfaces
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• v.16 no.spc
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• pp.60-64
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• 2003

This study proposes a method of implementing Six Sigma linking Lean approach and/or TOC(Theory of Constraints). A case study carried out in a PCB production line is examined to compare Lean Six Sigma and TOC Six Sigma. Implementing guidelines are given to achieve the whole company's optimum.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2010

Lean 6 sigma has recently been used to describe a management system which combines lean management and 6 sigma. The marriage between Lean manufacturing and 6 sigma has proven to be a powerful tool for cutting waste and improving the organization operations. Time and quality are the most important metrics in improving any company's production and profit performance. lean 6 sigma is a management innovation for improving production efficiency, process quality, cost reduction, investment efficiency and customer's satisfaction. in this paper, Advanced cell line is builded the home appliance goods of the LCD TV final assembly line of domestic company line, training the multi-skilled man and controlling the production information system based on Lean 6 sigma.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.71-79
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• 2019

Purpose: This study focuses on lean implementation evaluation in Third Party Logistics (TPL) industry by using the lean principles measurement from Toyota Ways which consist of 14 principles. The core goal of this study is to appraise the lean implementation level in Third Party Logistics in East Java of Indonesia in order to achieve efficient logistics, distribution and transportation activities. Research design, data and methodology: This study uses a sample of 80 respondent who are Third Party Logistics managers in East Java Province, Indonesia. Data collection uses a questionnaire and standard statistical test was performed in order to analyze questionnaire. Results: The implementation level of lean management in Third Party Logistics shows that application of principle 3 (utilizing pull systems) has a higher score than the other principles. This situation shows that management give the best performance in plan process. They prioritize customer requirement in every process designed. However, the principle 8 (using reliable technology) show the weakness performance. Conclusions: Overall, this study shows the Third Party Logistics in East Java Province of Indonesia have applied the lean principle quite well, although the scores are only slightly above the average. This condition provides a strong basis for further lean implementation, especially for improving logistics, distribution and transportation activities in Third Party Logistics Business.