• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of remained leaf number on leaf, stem and root growth of leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Chungchima). Plants were grown hydroponically in $0.45\pm0.15\pm3.0m$ growth channels using a recirculating DFT (Deep Flow Technique) system. The growth response to remained leaf number was evident in leaf and stem than root of leaf lettuce. Leaf fresh weight increased and leaf quality was lowered with increasing of remained leaf number. Results indicate that 4 to 6 leaves could be optimum remained leaf number of hydroponically grown leaf lettuce.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.133-144
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• 1989

The morphology and flowering time of two Suaeda japonica populations from different habitats, the creek and the bank of the mudflat in Sorae, were surveyed. And standard transplantation and reciprocal transplantation were carried out to determine whether their characteristics were genetically fixed or not. Also soil sample of these habitats were analyzed. The amounts of loss on ignition, maximum field capacity, total nitrogen, exchangeable calcium and potassium, and soluble phosphorus were found to be significantly different between two habitats. Leaf thickness, leaf width, leaf length, stem height number of branches, and number of seeds were significantly different between plants of two populations. And flowering times of two populations did not overlap. According to the results of transplantation, leaf width, leaf thickness, and flowering times were the same as those at their original habitat. But the stem lenght, leaf lenght, number of branches and unmber of seeds were not. Therefore, the differences in the leaf length, leaf thickness, and flowering time seemed to bo genetically fixed. It were suggested that the creek bank populations of Suaeda japoinica were to be considered as different ecotypes.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 2003

Soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are frequently exposed to unfavorable environments during growing seasons and water is the most important factor limiting for the production system. The purpose of this study was to determine the leaf water potential changes by irrigation, and to evaluate the relationships of leaf water potential, growth and yield in soybeans. Three soybean cultivars, Hwangkeumkong, Shinpaldalkong 2, and Pungsannamulkong, were planted in growth chamber and field with irrigated treatments. Leaf water potential of three soybean cultivars was positively correlated with leaf water content during vegetative and reproductive growth stages in growth chamber and field experiments. Leaf water potentials measured for three soybean cultivars under growth chamber were higher than those of under field conditions. Higher leaf water potential with irrigated plots under field was observed compared to conventional plots during reproductive growth stages. Leaf water potentials of three soybean cultivars were continually decreased during reproductive growth stages under field and there was no significant difference among them. Number of leaves, leaf water content, pod dry weight, number of seeds and seed dry weight with irrigated plots were higher than those of conventional plots. The results of this study suggested that leaf water potential could be used as an important growth indicator during the growing season of soybean plants.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.135-135
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• 2022

For abnormal weather disaster and building constructions, the shading stress could occur in crops more often. Those shading stress can effect on rice growth characters. Therefore, we investigated the shading effect on rice growth characters. Shading treatments were treated using shading screen as 35, 55, 75 and 100%. To check the shading effect on rooting after transplanting, shading stress treated after transplanting for 20 days as 35, 55 and 75%, And 35, 55, 75 and 100% of shading were treated 60 days after transplanting to check the growth characters. After transplanting, the shading stress effected on leaf and root growth. At 19 days after transplanting, leaf number reduced by shading stress. In 35, 55 and 75% shading stress, the leaf number reduced as 0.38, 0.45 and 0.9 respectively compared to control treatment. And root length was also reduced as 0.39, 0.6 and 1.93 cm respectively compared to control treatment. The plant height was slightly increased in 35 and 55% and reduced in 100%. Leaf growth speed per day was reduced as 0.0167 according to shading stress. And root growth speed also reduced as 0.0426 according to shading stress. The shading stress during vegetative stage effected on plant height and tiller number. In 35, 55 and 75% of shading stress, the plant height was slightly increased but it was reduced in 100%. Tiller number was significantly reduced by shading stress. According to 10% of shading stress, about 7% of the tiller number was reduced. However, leaf color did not change by the shading stress. The leaf area in 2^nd to 4nd leaf from new leaf reduced as 297 and 1044 in 75 and 100% of shading stress and increased as 70 and 99 in 35 and 55%. These leaf area change was affected by both the length and width of the leaf.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.81-87
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• 2014

Heavy metal pollution is a widespread global problem causing serious environmental concern. Heavy metals such as Cd, Pb, and Zn can induce toxicity in all organisms if the soil levels of contaminants reach critical values. The aim of the present study was to examine the application of Liriope platyphylla, an ornamental Korean native plant with great potential for contaminated soil in urban areas, to determine tolerance for Cd, Pb, and Zn. Plants were grown in amended artificial soil with Cd, Pb, and Zn at 0, 100, 250, and $500mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ for 7 months. The length of leaf, width of leaf, total leaf number, dead leaf number, new leaf number, chlorophyll contents, and ornamental value were monitored from May to August, during growth the period. The relative leaf length and leaf width displayed rapidly decreasing tendencies with an increasing Cd concentration beginning from 4 months after planting. The same decreasing tendency was observed in total leaf number, new leaf number, chlorophyll contents, and ornamental values showed a trend of Control> $Cd_{100}$ > $Cd_{250}$ > $Cd_{500}$. In Pb concentration treatments, the relative leaf length and leaf width were significantly lower in plants grown at $250mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ and $500mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ as compared to the Control, $100mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$. The total leaf number, new leaf number, and dead leaf number did not show significant difference among treatments in Control and $Pb_{100}$ but chlorophyll contents and ornamental value decreased with increasing Pb supply concentration treatments. However, in Zn supply treatments, the relative leaf length was higher at $100mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ than the Control, $250mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, $500mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, but the relative leaf width decreased compared to the Control, $Zn_{100}$, $Zn_{250}$, and $Zn_{500}$. The total leaf number, dead leaf number, new leaf number, and ornamental value showed the lowest value in plants grown in $Zn_{500}$ treatment but no significant differences were found among other treatments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.58-65
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• 1981

This study was carried out to investigate the influence of distance of planting holes (51, 45, and 40 cm) and number of plants per a hole(4, 5, 6 plants) on agronomic characteristics, yield, and quality of an aromatic tobacco, Sohyang. The results are as follows: 1. Relative light intensity increased by widening the distance of holes. 2. Leaf area per a plant or per a leaf, and leaf length and width increased by widening the distance of holes and decreased by increasing the number of plants per a hole. But L. A. 1. increased by increasing the number of plants per a hole. Leaf shape index (Leaf length/Leaf width) showed little differences among treatments. 3. Dry weight of leaf, root, and stem per a plant decreased by increasing the number of plants per a hole. 4. Total nitrogen decreased by increasing number of plants per a hole and in the case of narrow distance of holes, but nicotine, reducing sugar, ether-extract and ash showed little differences. 5. Yield per 10a decreased by widening the distance of holes. 6. Quality(price per kg) was improved by increasing the number of plants per a hole at the Plot of 51m distance of holes. But there was no variation at the Plot of 45cm. And quality was decreased at the plot of 40cm distance of holes by increasing the number of Plants per a hole. 7. Price per 10a was highest in the plot of which plant spacing was $90\times$40cm and the number of plants per a hole was 4 (11112 plant/10a).

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.65-68
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• 1969

Studies wre made to investigate the relationships obetween measurable characters of leaf tobacco such as stem length, stem daimeter, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf thickness, leaf area of biggest leaf and the dry Iield. The results are summarized as follows; n the flue cured yellow tobacco; leaf width and leaf area of biggest leaf were significantly correlated to the yield. In the light air cure type of tobacco; stem diamer, leaf width and leaf area of biggest leaf were significantly correlated to the yield. In the dark air cured type of tobacco; stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area of biggest leaf were significantly correlated to the yield. It would be noticiable that the yield was significantly correlated to the leaf width which is easily measurable in the field, and negatively correlated to the leaf thickness though not significantly.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.62-70
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigated the kimchi quality of the addition of green tea extract and green tea leaf. Kimchi was examined for pH, titratable acidity, the changes in the number of microorganism, color,sensory evaluation . The pH and titratable acidity of kimchi at the addition of 5%, 1% of green tea extract and green tea leaf were higher and lower than those of control kimchi. the number of total microoranism at 21 days. were detected much more in the kimchi added green tea extract and green tea leaf than in control. The number of coliforms up to 7 days of fermentation were detected. And those at 14-21 days were not detected but those of 28 days were detected. The number of coliforms at 28 days were most lowest in the kimchi added green tea extract 3%. The number of lactic acid bacteria were detected more in the kimchi added green tea leaf. As a result of sensory evaluation during fermentation, the kimchi added green tea extract 5% was the highest score in carbonated taste. texture and overall quality. As the result of correlation between sensory characteristics and mechanical characteristics, it was found that sensory characteristics of sour taste is negatively related to the mechanical characteristics of L value, while it is positively related to the texture. The a values is negatively related to the sensory characteristics of overall quality. The b values is positively related to the sensory characteristics of sour taste.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.287-290
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• 1995

This study was conducted to elucidate the effect of physical properties of soil in nursery bed with different densities on growth of ginseng seedling. Stem length, leaf length and leaf width of ginseng seedling showed the decreasing tendency with increasing the hardness of the nursery soil. Fresh root weight per seedling and number of available seedlings were increased significantly with decrease of the soil hardness. For solid, liquid phases, bulk density and hardness of soil, negative correlations were shown in stem length, leaf length, leaf width, root weight per seeding, and number t of available seedlings. On the other hand, gas phase, air permeability and porosity of soil had positive correlations with stem length, leaf length, leaf width, root weight per seedling and number of available seedlings. Key words Yang-Jik nursery, ginseng seedling, soil physical properties.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.70-79
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• 2002

This study was conducted to determine correlations and combining abilities of leaf lengths, leaf widths, petiole lengths, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf areas, fresh weights, dry weights and number of flowers in F₁ crosses made with the partial seven-parent diallel cross in Viola tricolor. Leaf lengths and leaf widths showed highly positive correlation with petiole length and negative correlation with number of branches, number of leaves and number of flowers. There was positive correlation between the number of leaves and flowers as well as between leaf area and fresh weight. Mean squares of general combining ability(GCA) and specific combining ability(SCA) were highly significant for all the parameters. Variance component values of SCA were greater than those of GCA for all the parameters except leaf length, implying preponderance of non-additive gene actions for these characters. The lines C and G for leaf lengths and widths, the lines A and F for number of leaves, the lines A, B and G for leaf areas, and the lines B and F for number of flowers showed relatively high GCA effects. The crosses of A×B and B×D exhibited high SCA effects on increasing leaf lengths, leaf widths, number of leaves, fresh weights and number of flowers. And also the crosses of B×E and D×G exhibited high SCA effects on decreasing leaf lengths, leaf areas and fresh weights as well as increasing number of flowers. The broad sense heritabilities of most characters were high compared with the narrow sense one. Those of leaf length, leaf width, petiole length and number of leaves were high in both the broad and narrow sense heritabilities.