• Title/Summary/Keyword: Leaf fiber

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국내 재배 엽맥섬유의 특성에 관한 연구 (Characteristics of the Leaf Fiber Plants Cultivated in Korea)

  • 이혜자;김남은;유혜자;한영숙
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제33권5호
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    • pp.711-720
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    • 2009
  • Leaf fibers have many good properties; they are strong, long, cheap, abundant and bio-degradable. Since they, however, contain a great quantity of non-cellulose components, they have been used for the materials of mats, ropes, bags and nets rather than those of clothing. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of leaf fibers in order to promote the use of leaf fibers for the materials of clothing as well as develop the high value-added textile fibers. Leaf fiber plants including New Zealand Flax, Henequen and Banana plant, which have various nature and shape, were used. New Zealand Flax and Henequen leaves were cut from lower part of plants. Banana leaves and pseudo-stems were peeled and cut from the stem of Banana plants. First, the thin outer skins like film of leaves, veins and stems were removed before retting. The chemical retting had been processed for 1hour, at 100 in 0.4% $H_2SO_4$ aqueous solution(liquid ratio 50:1). Then, the retted leaf fibers had been soaked for 1hour, at room temperature in 0.5% NaClO solution(v/v) to remove the miscellaneous materials. We investigated the physical characteristics of three leaf fibers including the transversal and longitudinal morphology, the contents(%) of pectin, lignin and hemicellulose, the length and diameter of fibers, the tensile strength of the fiber bundles, and the fiber crystallinity and the moisture regain(%). The lengths of fiber from three leaf fibers were similar to their leaf lengths. The fiber bundles were composed of the cellulose paralleled to the fiber axis and the non-cellulose intersecting at right angle with the fiber axis. The diameters of New Zealand Flax, Henequen and Banana fibers were $25.13{\mu}m$, $18.16{\mu}m$ and $14.01{\mu}m$, respectively and their tensile strengths were 19.40 Mpa, 32.16 Mpa and 8.45 Mpa, respective. The non-cellulose contents of three leaf fibers were relatively as high as 40%. If the non-cellulose contents of leaf fibers might be controlled, leaf fibers could be used for the materials of textile fiber, non-wovens and Korean traditional paper, Hanjee.

돌산 갓의 비휘발성 유기산, 무기질, 지방산 및 섬유소 조성 (Non-Volatile Organic Acids, Mineral, Fatty Acids and Fiber Compositions in Dolsan Leaf Mustard (Brassica juncea))

  • 박석규;조영숙;박정로;전순실;문주석
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.53-57
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    • 1993
  • 국내 김치류 가운데 향토식품으로서 연구개발의 필요성이 있는 갓의 비휘발성 유기산, 무기질, 지방산조성 및 섬유소 등에 대한 성분분석 결과는 비휘발성 유기산은 잎줄기보다 잎에 많았으며, 특히 malic acid의 함량이 79.lmg%로서 가장 높았고, citric acid는 23.7mg%로서 잎의 함량이 잎줄기보다 4배 정도 더 많았다. 잎과 잎줄기의 무기질은 칼슘(143.7, 81.3mg%)과 마그네슘(22.7, 14.5 mg%)이 높게 나타났으며, 대체로 잎의 무기질함량은 잎줄기에 비하여 1~1.8배 정도 많았다. 특히 철 (6.9, 7.3mg%)은 다른 십자화과 채소에 비하여 상당히 많았다. 총지질을 구성하는 지방산 조성은 $\alpha$-linolenic acid, palmitic acid 그리고 linoleic acid가 대부분을 차지하며, 불포화지방산의 함량이 포화지방산에 비하여 3.7배 많으며, 잎과 잎줄기의 P/S비율이 각각 4.1과 2.9로서 잎이 1.4배 높았다. 식이성 섬유질 중 펙틴질에 있어서 잎과 잎줄기의 알코올불용성성분 (AIS)은 9.4및 6.7%로서 잎의 AIS함량이 1.4배 많았으며, 잎과 줄기에서 공통적으로 AIS는 열수수용성펙틴(HWSP), 인산염가용성펙틴(HXSP), 염산가용성펙틴(HSP)이 4.1 : 2.8 : 1의 비로 구성되며, HXSP와 HSP의 함량이 크게 차이를 보였다. 또한 총 식이성섬유질의 함량은 잎과 잎줄기에서 각각 1.2와 2.8%를 함유하며, ADF에 비하여 NDF함량이 많았으며, 리그닌이 가장 적었다. 셀루로스는 헤미셀루로스에 비하여 2.1배 많았으며, 대체로 잎줄기에는 잎에 비하여 각 식이성 섬유소의 함량이 약간씩 높았다.

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쌈샐러드 채소류의 일반성분과 식이섬유에 관한 연구 (The Composition of Dietary Fiber on New Vegetables)

  • 김지민;김대진
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제33권5호
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    • pp.852-856
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    • 2004
  • 쌈샐러드 11종류의 일반성 분과 구조탄수화물인 식이섬유류(TDF, IDF, SDF, NDF, DFi)를 측정하였다 쌈샐러드의 조단백질과 조지방 함량이 2∼3배 높았으며 조회분의 경우 곡류보다 7배 가량 높았다. 전조물 기준으로 TDF 함유량에 있어서 Costamary가 32.61%로 낮았으나 Treviso가 41.22%로 높았으며, IDF는 Red leaf beet이 21.58%로 낮았고, Treviso가 28.95%로 높았으나 SDF는 Nakai이 6.60%로 낮았고 Common danelion이 14.70%로 매우 높았다. 건물기준으로 total carbohyate는 Salad bowl이 73.65%로 가장 높았고 Red leaf beet이 36.30%로 가장 낮았고, NDF는 Nakai가 48.83%로 가장 높았고 Red leaf beet이 29.60%로 가장 낮았다 ADL은 Salad bowl이 27.65%로 높았고 가장 낮은 것은 Com salad로 2.92%였으며 hemicellulose는 Nakai가 22.55%로 가장 높았고 Salad bowl이 2.15%로 낮았다.

Changes of Organic Acids, Polyphenols, Pigments and Fiber Concentration with a Different Stalk Position and Grade of Korean Flue-cured Leaf Tobacco

  • Volgger Dietmar;Hwang Keon-Joong
    • 한국연초학회지
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.186-192
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    • 2004
  • This study was carried out to analyze the organic acids, polyphenols, pigments and fiber materials concentration with a different stalk position and grade of korean leaf tobaccos. Eight kinds of flue-cured leaf tobaccos which were different stalk position and grade were used for this study. Three kinds of major organic acids(citric, malic and oxalic), 2 kinds of polyphenols(chlorogenic acid and rutin), 3 kinds of pigments($\beta$-carotene, chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b), and 2 kinds of fiber components(pectin and lignin) were analyzed. All of these chemical components were changed with a different stalk position. When the citric acid, malic acid, $\beta-carotene$, chlorophyll-a, and lignin concentration were low in the middle stalk position and high in both bottom and upper position, oxalic acid and chlorogenic acid show the highest concentration in the middle stalk position. All of these chemical components also changed with a different grade of leaf tobaccos. As the citric acid, malic acid, $\beta-carotene$, chlorophyll-b, and lignin concentration decreased as the grade ascended, the oxalic acid and chlorogenic acid concentration increased as the grade ascended. This results assumed that the quality of korean leaf tobacco was directly proportional to oxalic acid and chlorogenic acid concentration but it was inversely proportional to citric acid, malic acid, $\beta-carotene$, chlorophyll-b and lignin concentration.

식이섬유용 식품섭취빈도조사지 개발 및 이를 이용한 충북지역 중학생의 식이섬유 섭취 실태 (The Development of the Dietary Fiber Food Frequency Questionnaire and the Dietary Fiber Intake of Middle School Students in the Chungbuk Province)

  • 신나실;이인선;김향숙
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제28권5호
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    • pp.549-557
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    • 2012
  • In this study, the FFQ-50 questionnaire which composed of 50 food items frequently eaten as sources of dietary fiber, was developed and used to estimate the dietary fiber intake of middle school students in the Chungbuk province. According to the survey, the average daily intakes of dietary fiber for the boys and girls were $23.3{\pm}12.3$ g (93.2%) and $20.8{\pm}11.5$ g (104.0%), respectively, showing a significant difference between the gender. The proportions of boys and girls who did not reach to the sufficient dietary fiber intake were 66.2% and 53.9% respectively. The major sources of dietary fiber were grain foods and vegetables, which measured at 77.24%, followed by fruits, seaweeds, tofu and tofu products, potato and starch, and mushrooms. The cooked white rice contributed the highest (17.81%), followed by baechu-kimchi, cooked brown rice, ramyeon (instant noodle), tangerine, sesame leaf jangajji (pickled sesame leaf), topokki (spicy rice cake stir-fry), blanched and seasoned bean sprouts, bread, and radish kimchi. The study showed that the cooked white rice was the major source of dietary fiber in the boys' diet followed by baechu-kimchi, ramyeon, cooked brown rice, tangerine, bread, strawberry, blanched and seasoned bean sprouts, sesame leaf jangajji, radish kimchi. Girls were taking in dietary fiber mostly from boiled white rice followed by baechu-kimchi, boiled brown rice, tangerine, ramyeon, sesame leaf jangajji, topokki, blanched and seasoned bean sprouts, radish kimchi, and boiled barley.

쑥갓과 머위의 잎과 중기의 구조탄수화물의 변화 (The Changes in Structural Carbohydrate on Crown Daisy and Butterbur)

  • 김대진;윤수현;조영수;최미애
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제9권5호
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    • pp.497-503
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    • 1999
  • Change on the structural carbohydrate(several fiberous components) was determined by vegetables(crown daisy and butterbur)-cultivated in Ulsan, Kyungnam, Korea-as its stage of maturity developed. Samples were separated into leaf and stem, which were dried at 7$0^{\circ}C$ for 24hr, and ground to pass a 1mm screen. They were subjected to moisture, crude protein, crude fat and several dietary fiber-DF(dietary fiber, include unavaible components), NDF(neutral detergent fiber), ADF(acid detergent fiber), lignin, hemicellulose, cellulose and protein corrected NDF(c-NDF), IDF(indigestible fiber, include lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose). In general, structural carbohytrate(several dietary fiber) of vegetable was affected by the growth stage. In case of crown daisy and butterbur, dietary fiber in leaf was higher than DF in stem.

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Development of Dye Natural Batik Based on Fiber Coconut Waste and Leaf Avocado through Extraction Method in Supporting Green Business

  • Agung UTAMA;Anita MUSTIKASARI;Nur KHOLIFAH
    • Asian Journal of Business Environment
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.15-22
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: The development of natural batik dyes based on a combination of coconut fiber waste and avocado leaves using the extraction method is important to support the green economy and reduce chemical waste in Indonesia. Research design, data and methodology: The research explores the use of coconut fiber and avocado leaf waste extraction as a natural batik dye and conducts market testing to assess consumer satisfaction. Results: Indonesian batik exports are growing, but synthetic dye practices are causing a decline in demand. To address this, natural dyes are being explored, including coconut fiber waste and avocado leaf waste. Conclusion: Test results from washing at 40 degrees Celsius in terms of color changes and color staining, from sweat in terms of changes in acid color and changes in base color, to sunlight in terms of color fastness value, to heat to iron in terms of color change and color staining shows a value of 3-4 (quite good) and 4-5 (good), meaning that coconut fiber and avocado leaves waste can be used as natural batik dye.

복합재 판스프링의 재료특성에 따른 스프링 강성변화와 초기 파단하중 예측 (Prediction of Spring Rate and Initial Failure Load due to Material Properties of Composite Leaf Spring)

  • 오성하;최복록
    • 대한기계학회논문집A
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    • 제38권12호
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    • pp.1345-1350
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구에서는 자동차 판스프링을 대상으로 유리섬유 복합재의 적용을 위한 해석적 방법들을 제시하였다. 즉, 판스프링의 정적거동에 영향을 미치는 복합재 재료의 구성 성분비와 섬유각의 변화 등을 고려한 해석을 수행하였다. GFRP 복합재의 기계적 성질들은 ASTM 표준시험 방법을 따라서 직접 측정하였으며, 역해석 방법을 통해서 섬유와 수지 각각의 직교이방성과 등방성 성질들을 시험결과들로부터 재구성하였다. 다음으로 섬유의 방향과 섬유와 수지의 함유량 비와 같은 주요 재료변수들의 변화에 따른 스프링 계수들의 변화를 분석하였다. 마지막으로 초기 파괴하중을 예측하기 위해서 선형 탄성해석과 파손조건식을 이용해서 점진적 파괴해석을 수행하였으며, 그 결과 최초의 손상부위는 전단응력에 의해 판스프링의 모서리 부위에서 발생하였다.

태양광 집광장치의 광 특성분석 및 유묘기 상추의 생장에 미치는 영향 (Analysis of Light Traits in a Solar Light-collector Device and its Effects on Lettuce Growth at an Early Growth Stage)

  • 이상규;이재수;원진호
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제28권11호
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    • pp.1019-1025
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    • 2019
  • The aim of this study was to analyze the light traits in a solar light-collector device and its effects on lettuce growth at an early growth stage. The three hyper parameters used were the reflector diameter (2 cm and 4 cm), coating inside the reflector (chrome-coated, non-coated) and distance from the light fiber (15 cm and 20 cm). The results showed that light efficiency, which is the ratio of light intensity inside the fiber to the solar intensity, improved by 41.1 % when using a 2 cm diameter chrome-coated reflector at a distance of 15 cm from the light fiber; whereas it only improved by 20.6% when a non-coated reflector was used. As the reflector size was increased to 4 cm, the light efficiency for the coated and non-coated reflectors increased by 28.5 % and 26.4 %, respectively, hence, no significant difference was observed. When the light fiber was placed at a distance of 20 cm, the increase in light efficiency with coating treatment was 8 % higher than without coating treatment. We also compared the efficiency of light-fiber treatment with that of LED treatment in our lettuce nursery, and observed that the plants exhibited better growth with light-fiber treatment. We observed an average increase of 1.7 cm in leaf height, $7cm^2/plant$ increase in leaf area, and 32 mm increase in root length upon light-fiber treatment as opposed to those observed with LED treatment. These findings indicate that the collector light-fiber is economically feasible and it improves lettuce growth compared with the LED treatment.

채소류(菜蔬類)의 식이성(食餌性) 섬유소(纖維素)의 함량(含量)과 물리적(物理的) 특성(特性) (Determination and Physical Properties of Dietary Fiber in Vegetables)

  • 강태순;윤형식
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.49-54
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    • 1987
  • 일반적인 식용채소류인 무우잎, 배추, 시금치, 냉이, 고추잎, 콩잎, 양배추를 시료로 하여 건물양에 대한 DF값으로 NDF, ADF, Lignin, Hemicellulose, Cellulose의 함량을 조사한 결과 NDF는 $12.9{\sim}41.9%$, ADF는 $7.7{\sim}16.9%$ Lignin은 $0.9{\sim}7.6%$, Hemicellulose는 $2.9{\sim}25.0%$, Cellulose는 $6.3{\sim}12.7%$로서 고추잎, 들깨잎, 콩잎에서는 높은 수치를 나타내었다. 물성적 측면에서는 DF의 Water-Holding Capacity(WHC)와 밀도를 조사하였는데 시료의 Acetone Dried Powedr(ADP)의 WHC는 $6.6{\sim}10.4(gwater/g\;ADP)$였고 무우잎, 콩잎에서는 높은 값을 나타내었으며 고추잎, 들깨잎에서는 다소 낮은 편이었다. 밀도에서는 대체로 Direct(non-packed) 값은 Bulk(packed) density와 상응하였다.

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