• Animal cells and systems
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.419-423
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• 1997

Two new marine tardigrades, florarctus kwoni n. sp. and Batillipes philippinensis n. sp. belonging to Halechiniscidae and Batillipedidae, respectively, are described on the basis of the specimens sieved from sublittoral coral sands and shell gravels of Palawan Island, the Philippines. florarctus kwoni n. sp. is characterized by the rocket-shaped aliform expansion, with the distal margin of posterior ala flattened. Batillipes philippinensis n. sp. closely resembles B. similis Schulz, 1955 and B. annulatus De Zio, 1962. However, it is clearly discernible from the former by the shape of lateral body projection between leg III and leg IV, and the relative length of cirrus E and the spine on leg IV, and from the latter by the shape of the lateral body projection and the clavar shape. This is the first report of the marine tardigrades from the Philippines.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.21 no.12 s.175
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• pp.991-995
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• 1983

A radicular cyst is a slowly-growing epithelial sac lining a pathologic cavity in the bone at the apex of a tooth. Large radicular cyst revealed by radiographic examination almost always appear to involved several teeth. The author observed a 31 year old woman with a labial swelling and palatal mucosal expansion of the maxillary anterior region. Radiographic examination indicated that the lesion extended from the left maxillary lateral incisor to the right lateral incisor. Cyst consisted of tan to gray yellow slightly firm to partly hard plaque like tissue measuring 3.4 x 2.2 x 0.3㎝. The author has treated the cyst by means of enucleation with apicoecomies of the involved teeth except the right central incisor. Recovery proceed satisfactorily and there were no clinical or radiologic signs of recurrence 8 months later.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.351-361
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• 2007

In angiosperms, leaves typically develop as three-dimensional structure with dorsoventral, longitudinal, and lateral axes. We have shown that the control of two axes of leaves, longitudinal and lateral axis, can be genetically separable, and four classes of genes are responsible for the polar cell expansion and polar cell proliferation in Arabidopsis. In monocots, unifacial leaf, in which leaf surface consists only of abaxial identity, has been evolved in a number of divergent species. The unifacial leaves provide very unique opportunities for the developmental studies of the leaf axes formation in monocots, because their leaf polarities are highly disorganized. In addition, the mechanism of the parallel evolution of such drastic changes in leaf polarities is of interest from an evolutionary viewpoint. In this article, we describe our recent approaches to reveal the mechanism of unifacial leaf development and evolution, including recent advances in the leaf polarity specification in angiosperms.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.460-467
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• 1997

Compared to normal-strength concrete, high-strength concrete has the lower lateral expansion capacity caused by the higher elastic modulus and the lower internal crack characteristic. Therefore, the effect of the lateral confining action of hoops appears slowly and also in inefficient Nevertheless. it has been reported that the strength and deformation capacity of high-strength concrete is improved by well-distributed hoops. Due to that argument, this investigation has been compared and analyzed by the experimental works on the deformation capacity and the confinement mechanism of high-strength concrete shear wall of the high-rise building reinforced by rectangular steel tubes and rectangular hoops at both edges of the shear wall.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.315-322
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• 2010

The phase-screen and the split-step Fourier migrations, which are implemented in both the frequency-wavenumber and frequency-space domains by using one-way scalar wave equation, allow imaging in laterally heterogeneous media with less computing time and efficiency. The generalized-screen migration employs the series expansion of the exponential, unlike the phase-screen and the split-step Fourier migrations which assume the vertical propagation in frequency-wavenumber domain. In addition, since the generalized-screen migration generalizes the series expansion of the vertical slowness, it can utilize higher-order terms of that series expansion. As a result, the generalized-screen migration has higher accuracy in computing the propagation with wide angles than the phase-screen and split-step Fourier migrations for media with large and rapid lateral velocity variations. In this study, we developed a 2D prestack generalized-screen migration module for imaging a complex subsurface efficiently, which includes various dips and large lateral variations. We compared the generalized-screen propagator with the phase-screen propagator for a constant perturbation model and the SEG/EAGE salt dome model. The generalized-screen propagator was more accurate than the phase-screen propagator in computing the propagation with wide angles. Furthermore, the more the higher-order terms were added for the generalized-screen propagator, the more the accuracy was increased. Finally, we compared the results of the generalizedscreen migration with those of the phase-screen migration for a model which included various dips and large lateral velocity variations and the synthetic data of the SEG/EAGE salt dome model. In the generalized-screen migration section, reflectors were positioned more accurately than in the phase-screen migration section.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.82-88
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• 2015

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of measurements obtained after the superimposition of three-dimensional (3D) digital models by comparing them with those obtained from lateral cephalometric radiographs and photocopies of plaster models for the evaluation of upper molar distalization. Methods: Data were collected from plaster models and lateral cephalometric radiographs of 20 Class II patients whose maxillary first molars were distalized with an intraoral distalizer. The posterior movements of the maxillary first molars were evaluated using lateral cephalometric radiographs (group CP), photocopies of plaster models (group PH), and digitized 3D models (group TD). Additionally, distalization and expansion of the other teeth and the degrees of molar rotation were measured in group PH and group TD and compared between the two groups. Results: No significant difference was observed regarding the amount of molar distalization among the three groups. A comparison of the aforementioned parameters between group PH and group TD did not reveal any significant difference. Conclusions: 3D digital models are reliable to assess the results of upper molar distalization and can be considered a valid alternative to conventional measurement methods.

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2007

The vertebrate upper lip forms from initially freely projecting maxillary, medial nasal, and lateral nasal prominences at the rostral and lateral boundaries of the primitive oral cavity. These facial prominences arise during early embryogenesis from ventrally migrating neural crest cells in combination with the head ectoderm and mesoderm and undergo directed growth and expansion around the nasal pits to actively fuse with each other. Initial fusion is between lateral and medial nasal processes and is followed by fusion between maxillary and medial nasal processes. Fusion between these prominences involves active epithelial filopodial and adhering interactions as well as programmed cell death. Slight defects in growth and patterning of the facial mesenchyme or epithelial fusion result in cleft lip with or without cleft palate, the most common and disfiguring craniofacial birth defect. This review will summarize the current understanding of the basic morphogenetic processes and molecular mechanisms underlying upper lip development.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1023-1044
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• 2015

Concrete-filled tubes (CFT), formed by an outer steel tube filled with plain or reinforced concrete inside, have been increasingly used these recent decades as columns or beam-columns, especially for tall buildings in seismic areas due to their excellent structural response. This improved behavior is derived from the effect of confinement provided by the tube, since the compressive strength of concrete increases when being subjected to hydrostatic pressure. In circular CFTs under compression, the whole tube is uniformly tensioned due to the radial expansion of concrete. Contrarily, in rectangular and square-shaped CFTs, the lateral flanges become subjected to in-plane bending derived from this volumetric expansion, and this fact implies a reduction of the confinement effect of the core. This study presents a numerical analysis of different configurations of CFT stub columns with inner stiffening plates, limited to the study of the influence of these plates on the compressive behavior without eccentricity. The final purpose is to evaluate the efficiency in terms of strength and ductility of introducing stiffeners into circular and square CFT sections under large deformation axial loading.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.264-272
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• 2014

Maxillary canine is the most common impacted tooth except third molars. In Asian populations, labial impaction is more common than palatal impaction, but palatal impaction is three times more common than labial impaction in Caucasion. The incidence of maxillary canine impaction is known as 1~3%, and 12% of these cases are involved in the root resorption of the adjacent lateral incisor. In children, early diagnosis is important to prevent the impaction of maxillary canine through clinical and radiographic examinations. In addition, preventive measures should be considered at the proper time. These measures include the removal of deciduous canines and the expansion of the maxillary arch.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.401-410
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dimensional changes and surface morphology of dentures processed by various polymerization conditions. The measurements were done by taking radiograph and using vernier calipers and each specimen was observed on scanning electron microscope. Results obtained were as follows. 1. The difference of dimensional stability was not recognized between various polymerization conditions(heat-cured resin, pour-type resin, microwave-cured resin, and injection molding resin). 2. There were expansion and shrinkage in the occlusal dimension, shrinkage in the frontal dimension, and expansion in the lateral dimension. 3. Scanning electron microscope pictures of heat-cured resin showed dense and regular surface morphology. 4. Microwave-cured resin surface appeared more regular and smooth than pour-type resin but less dense and more irregular than heat-cured resin. 5. Scanning electron microscope pictures of pour-type resin with the lowest dimensional change showed the most irregular surface morphology.