• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.385-402
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• 2010

Most of the data warehouse (DW) requirements engineering approaches have not distinguished the early requirements engineering phase from the late requirements engineering phase. There are very few approaches seen in the literature that explicitly model the early & late requirements for a DW. In this paper, we propose an AGDI (Agent-Goal-Decision-Information) model to support the early and late requirements for the development of DWs. Here, the notion of agent refers to the stakeholders of the organization and the dependency among agents refers to the dependencies among stakeholders for fulfilling their organizational goals. The proposed AGDI model also supports three interrelated modeling activities namely, organization modeling, decision modeling and information modeling. Here, early requirements are modeled by performing organization modeling and decision modeling activities, whereas late requirements are modeled by performing information modeling activities. The proposed approach has been illustrated to capture the early and late requirements for the development of a university data warehouse exemplifying our model's ability of supporting its decisional goals by providing decisional information.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.184-189
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• 2009

In 2008 the total estimated failure costs in the Netherlands was estimated to be 11.4% of the industry's turnover compared to 7.7% seven years earlier. Failure costs can be the consequence of rework as a result of failure to conform to the product requirements and specifications or due to inefficient processes and bad management practices. Many construction companies however are unaware of the exact nature of these costs, their root causes or how to control them. This paper describes work carried out in the Netherlands to identify the different types of failure costs in construction and their root causes. The research described builds on previous findings by another research institution and expands it to include information collected from project cases and a survey of a number of project managers in the construction industry. The paper describes the analysis of the results from cases and the survey to identify the root causes of failure costs. Research shows, for example, that many failure costs are related to the client taking late decisions and making changes to the project requirements.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1404-1415
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• 2016

Because of the properties of software such as invisibility, complexity, and changeability, software configuration management (SCM) for software artifacts generated during software life-cycle has been used for guarantee of the quality of the software. However, the existing SCM system has only focused on code artifacts and software development document artifacts such as Software Requirements Specification (SRS), Software Design Description (SDD), and Software Test Description (STD). Moreover, software research-oriented project comes out late the code artifacts and the software development document artifacts. Therefore, there is a need for trace and management of software research document artifacts composed of highly abstracted non-functional requirements like 'the purpose of the project', 'the objectives', and 'the progress' before generation of the code artifacts and the software development document artifacts for a long time. Nevertheless, the existing SCM system cannot trace and manage them. In this paper, we propose content-based configuration management system comprised of the relevance link generation phase and content-based testing phase to trace and manage them. The preliminary application results show applicability and feasibility of the proposed system.

• Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 2013.12a
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• pp.97-102
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• 2013

As the offshore oil and gas upstream industry moves into deeper water, the FPSOs are the cost-effective solution. In the harsh environment such as in North Sea, station keeping and heading control capability obtained through the DP and Position Mooring (DPM) system of FPSOs play important roles to keep the safety. This paper introduces the concept, function and sub-system of the DPM systems which has been applied for the North Sea FPSOs since the late 1980s. The requirements and guidelines of some internationally recognized standards are also described, which are important to build the design basis at the early phases of the project.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.159-170
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• 2013

The effect of climate change on urban woody plants remains difficult to predict in urban areas. Depending on its tolerances, a plant species may stay and survive or stay with slowly declining remnant populations under a changing climate. To predict those vulnerabilities on urban woody plants, this study suggests a basic bioclimatic envelop model of heat requirements, cold tolerance, chilling requirements and moisture requirements that are well documented as the 'climatic niche'. Each component of the 'climatic niche' is measured by the warmth index, the absolute minimum temperature, the number of chilling weeks and the water balance. Regarding the utility of the developed model, the selected urban plant's present probabilities are suggested in the future climate of Seoul. Both Korea and Japan's thermal thresholds are considered for a plant's optimal climatic niche. By considering the thermal thresholds of these two regions for the same species, the different responses observed will reflect the plant's 'hardening' process in a rising climate. The model illustrated that the subpolar plants Taxus cuspidata and Ulmus davidiana var. japonica are predicted to have low suitability in Seoul. The temperate plants Zelkova serrata and Pinus densiflora, which have a broad climatic niche, exhibited the highest present probability in the future. The subtropical plants Camellia japonica and Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii may exhibit a modest growth pattern in the late 21C's future climatic period when an appropriate frost management scheme is offered. The model can be used to hypothesize how urban ecosystems could change over time. Moreover, the developed model can be used to establish selection guidelines for urban plants with high levels of climatic adaptability.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.38-48
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• 2017

ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems-Requirements has been revised in 2015. It has been updated four times since its publication in 1987. It is the most widely used International Standard in the world. There are over one million companies and organizations in over 170 countries certified to ISO 9001 from an ISO survey. Organizations are supposed to be certified to this new version by late 2018. The key changes in ISO 9001:2015 are to establish a High Level Structure (HLS) and focus on Risk-Based Thinking (RBT). Risk-Based Thinking means the process approach to decide how risk is addressed in establishing the processes to improve process outputs and prevent undesirable results. It pursues process planning and controls based on risks so that organizations can improve the effectiveness of the quality management system. It maintains and manages a Quality Management System that inherently addresses risks and meets objectives. In this article we firstly attempt to explain how to understand the fundamental concept of Risk-Based Thinking which is a systematic approach to consider risks rather than treating prevention as a separate component of a Quality Management System. We comment on the detailed requirements that contain risks in ISO 9001:2015 clauses. We also summarize recent advances on the risk assessment and management in line with ISO 31000:2009 Risk Management-Principles and Guidelines. We finally propose the practical risk management procedures for implementing ISO 9001:2015 with an emphasis on RBT. This article would contribute to help quality managers and practitioners convert to ISO 9001:2015.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2000

Apartment buildings have teen increasing it's height since first appearance in the late 1970 in Korea. Likewise, fire risk and the fire damage of this new dwelling type have become a serious problems. However the applying fire safety design method and regulations are minimum level of requirements based on the current fire codes. The purpose of this study is to figure out the evacuation characteristics in high-rise apartment buildings and improve countermeasure by comparison egress codes between Korea, Japan and U. S. A. The result shows that means of egress of this dwelling should be reviewed by the fire code as well as expected evacuation safety performance by a fire protection engineer to minimize fire 1osses including life safety.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.59-73
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate transition of pumping technology, irrigation water requirement, and unit area drainage discharge at the Pumping station-based Irrigation Associations (PIAs) in South Korea during Japanese colonial period (1910-1945). The PIAs established pumping stations and embankments along rivers for the purpose of irrigation, drainage and flood prevention until the mid-1920s. From the late 1920s after major river improvement projects, newly established PIAs did not include the flood prevention in their purpose of establishment. The design criteria of the irrigation and drainage projects, such as irrigation water requirements, design rainfall, and allowable ponding duration were decided according to the circumstances of PIAs. The gross irrigation water requirement of paddy fields increased from the 1920s to the 1940s, and reached the level of 0.0020 m³/s/ha (19 mm/d) in the 1940s for the fairly good irrigation status in the drought. The great floods of 1930, 1933, and 1934 triggered the increase in drainage discharge in the late 1930s, leading to the unit area drainage discharge of 0.9-2.6 m³/s/km² for natural drainage and 0.3-1.1 m³/s/km² for pump drainage. Therefore, several PIAs near the major rivers could avoid repetitive floods damage.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.10c
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• pp.139-141
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• 2006

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is one of the most promising next generation nano-electronic devices which will inherit the throne of CMOS which is the domineering implementation technology of large scale low power digital systems. In late 1990s, the basic operations of the QCA cell were already demonstrated on a hardware implementation. Also, design tools and simulators were developed. Nevertheless, its design technology is not quite ready for ultra large scale designs. This paper proposes a new approach which enables the QCA designs to inherit the verification methodologies and tools of CMOS designs, as well. First, a set of disciplinary rules strictly restrict the cell arrangement not to deviate from the predefined structures but to guarantee the deterministic digital behaviors. After the gate and interconnect structures of the QCA design are identified, the signal integrity requirements including the input path balancing of majority gates, and the prevention of the noise amplification are checked. And then the digital logic is extracted and stored in the OpenAccess common engineering database which provides a connection to a large pool of CMOS design verification tools. Towards validating the proposed approach, we designed a 2-bit QCA adder. The digital logic is extracted, translated into the Verilog net list, and then simulated using a commercial software.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.3396-3411
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• 2015

Sensors used in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have mostly limited capacity which affects the performance of their applications. One of the data-gathering methods is to use mobile sinks to visit these sensors so that they can save their limited battery energies from forwarding data packages to static sinks. The main disadvantage of employing mobile sinks is the delay of data collection due to relative low speed of mobile sinks. Since sensors have very limited memory capacities, whenever a mobile sink is too late to visit a sensor, that sensor's memory would be full, which is called a 'memory overflow', and thus, needs to be purged, which causes loss of collected data. In this work, a method is proposed to generate mobile sink tours, such that the number of overflows and the amount of lost data are minimized. Moreover, the proposed method does not need either the sensor locations or sensor memory status in advance. Hence, the overhead stemmed from the information exchange of these requirements are avoided. The proposed method is compared with a previously published heuristic. The simulation experiment results show the success of the proposed method over the rival heuristic with respect to the considered metrics under various parameters.