• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• 제1권3호
• /
• pp.203-206
• /
• 2017

We report a passive Q-switching of an all-fiber erbium-doped fiber laser delivering high pulse energy by using a high quality single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber (SWCNT-SA). A side-polished fiber coated with the SWCNT is employed as an in-line SA for evanescent wave interaction between the incident light and the SWCNT. This lateral interaction scheme enables a stable Q-switched fiber laser that generates high pulse energy. The central wavelength of the Q-switched pulse laser was measured as 1560 nm. A repetition rate frequency of the Q-switched laser is controlled from 78 kHz to 190 kHz by adjusting the applied pump power from 124 mW to 790 mW. The variation of pulse energy from 51 nJ to 270 nJ is also observed as increasing the pump power. The pulse energy of 270 nJ achieved at maximum pump power is 3 times larger than those reported in Q-switched all-fiber lasers using a SWCNT-SA. The tunable behaviors in pulse duration, pulse repetition rate, and pulse energy as a function of pump power are reported, and are well matched with theoretical expectation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.279-286
• /
• 2005

A prototype of a relativistic proton generation system, based on laser-induced plasma interaction, has been designed and fabricated. The system is composed of three major parts: a fs TW laser; a target chamber, including targets and controls; and a diagnostic system for charged particles and lasers. An Offner-type pulse stretcher for chirped pulse amplification (CPA) and eight pass pre-amplifier are installed. The main amplifier will be integrated with a new pumping laser. The design values of the laser at the first stage are 1 TW in power and 50 fs in pulse duration. We expect to generate protons with their maximum energy of approximately 3 MeV and the flux of at least $10^6$ per pulse using a 10 $\mu$m Al target. A prototype target chamber with eight 8-inch flanges, including target mounts, has been designed and fabricated. For laser diagnostics, an adaptive optics based on the Shack-Hartmann type, beam monitoring, and alignment system are all under development. For a charged particle, CR-39 detectors, a Thomson parabola spectrometer, and Si charged-particle detectors will be used for the density profile and energy spectrum. In this paper, we present the preliminary design for laser-induced proton generation. We also present plans for future work, as well as theoretical simulations.

• 대한전기학회논문지
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.289-293
• /
• 1996

The basic study on laser triggered lightning was carried out for the active protection of lightning in power transmission system. The lengths of generated plasma channels were simulated numerically for variations of energy and pulse width of CO$_{2}$ laser by Runge-Kutta-Gill method. As results, the effective lengths of plasma channels were 2.3m, 2.67m and 3.4m respectively for energy of 45J, 60J and 100J of CO$_{2}$ laser pulse with pulse width of 50nsec using focusing mirror with focal length of 10m. And also the effects of pulse width of first pulse and tail pulse of CO$_{2}$ laser on the length of plasma channel were examined.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.48-54
• /
• 2002

Experimental study is performed on flashlamp-pumped Ti: sapphire lasers with single, double, and four-partial-ellipse-pump cavities aiming at improving the performance of the lasers. The output energy of 604 mJ per pulse with a width of 25 $\mu$s at a total laser efficiency of 0.13% is achieved in the laser pumped by a light pulse of 45$\mu$s without a fluorescent converter The laser output energy versus its Ti: sappy ire rod length, pumping-light pulse duration, and electrical input energy are discussed with or without using a fluorescent converter. The result shows that much more output energy is obtained il a longer Ti: sapphire-rod laser pumped by a shorter light pulse when its output coupler has an optimized transmittance. In addition, an enhancement of output energy by a factor of 7 is achieved. in the laser using a fluorescent converter LD490.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.7-13
• /
• 2010

Today, the most common process for generating Through Silicon Vias (TSVs) for 3D ICs is Deep Reactive Ion Etching (DRIE), which allows for high aspect ratio blind holes with low surface roughness. However, the DRIE process requires a vacuum environment and the use of expensive masks. The advantage of using lasers for TSV drilling is the higher flexibility they allow during manufacturing, because neither vacuum nor lithography or masks arc required and because lasers can be applied even to metal and to dielectric layers other than silicon. However, conventional nanosecond lasers have the disadvantage of causing heat affection around the target area. By contrast, the use of a picosecond laser enables the precise generation of TSVs with less heat affected zone. In this study, we conducted a comparison of thermalization effects around laser-drilled holes when using a picosecond laser set for a high pulse energy range and a low pulse energy range. Notably, the low pulse energy picosecond laser process reduced the experimentally recast layer, surface debris and melts around the hole better than the high pulse energy process.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.1378-1389
• /
• 2005

This work provides the fundamental knowledge of energy transport characteristics during very short-pulse laser heating of semiconductors from a microscopic viewpoint. Based on the self-consistent hydrodynamic equations, in-situ interactions between carriers, optical phonons, and acoustic phonons are simulated to figure out energy transport mechanism during ultrafast pulse laser heating of a silicon substrate through the detailed information on the time and spatial evolutions of each temperature for carriers, longitudinal optical (LO) phonons, acoustic phonons. It is found that nonequilibrium between LO phonons and acoustic phonons should be considered for ultrafast pulse laser heating problem, two-peak structures become apparently present for the subpicosecond pulses because of the Auger heating. A substantial increase in carrier temperature is observed for lasers with a few picosecond pulse duration, whereas the temperature rise of acoustic and phonon temperatures is relatively small with decreasing laser pulse widths. A slight lagging behavior is observed due to the differences in relaxation times and heat capacities between two different phonons. Moreover, the laser fluence has a significant effect on the decaying rate of the Auger recombination.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1072-1075
• /
• 2001

$Al_2O_3$ ceramics are generally used as components in processing equipment, devices or machinery because it can perform some functions better than competing metals or polymers. Many of these applications rely on $Al_2O_3$ ceramics special electromagnetic properties, its relative chemical inertness, hardness, strength and its temperature capabilities. But $Al_2O_3$ ceramics are brittle materials, a fact that may cause problems and at the same time be helpful while machining with laser. This study described a basic study of the input parameters effect on the dimension of the microhole at the $Al_2O_3$ ceramics using Excimer laser. In the laser microhole machining of $Al_2O_3$ ceramics, major input parameters are pulse energy, pulse power, pulse frequency and pulse numbers. In conclusion, we can get a smaller microhole and diameter rate by an appropriate pulse energy, pulse frequency and pulse number.

• 한국결정성장학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.134-138
• /
• 2012

Recently the preparation magnetic nanoparticles by a pulsed laser ablation in liquid has gained much attention because it is easy to control experimental parameters. Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles have been prepared by a pulsed laser ablation of ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ target in ethanol at different magnitude of laser energy of 1, 20, 40 and 80 mJ/pulse. It revealed that particle size increases with increasing laser energy. It could be concluded that 40 mJ/pulse is an optimum laser energy for the preparation of iron oxide nanoparticles with uniform size distribution. The nanoparticles are homogeneously dispersed in ethanol and their stability maintained for several months.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.52-61
• /
• 1993

Laser welding of ASTM no. 1060 Al plate with a pulsed Nd: YAG laser of 200W average power was performed for end capping of KMRR nuclear fuel elements In this research, we performed basic welding experiments. Firstly, laser output parameters which affect laser welding parameters were studied by changing laser input parameters for effective welding of 1060 Al plates. We found that laser power density and pulse energy are important parameters for smooth bead shape. Secondly, welding parameters which affect weld width-to-depth ratio were studied by changing power density and pulse energy, shielding gas, and defocusing. We found that power density must be higher than 0.3 Mw/cm$^{2}$ pulse energy must be higer than 3 J. travel speed must not exceed 200mm/sec, laser focus must be existed beneath 2-3mm from plate surface and helium is proper shielding gas. Thirdly, we studied the weld defects of Al-1060 such as crack and porosity in lap-joint welding. We designed new welding geometry for crack free welding of Al-1060 plates, and obtained crack free weldment but with lack of fusion. However, with Ti, Zr grain refiner elements, we can weld Al plates without solidification hot crack. Finally, we studied the origin of porosity by changing shielding gas. And we found that porosity was resulted from entrapment of shielding gas by the collapsing keyhole.

• 한국광학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.34-40
• /
• 2009

$MgF_2$, $SiO_2$ 및 ZnS 박막을 물리 증기 증착하는 동안 펄스 레이저(Nd-YAG, 제2고조파 532 nm)로 Annealing 하여 표면 거칠기 특성을 개선하였다. 펄스 반복율이 10 Hz, 펄스폭 5 ns, 파장 532 nm인 펄스레이저로 Annealing한 유리 기판에 증착된 $MgF_2$와 $SiO_2$ 시료들은 레이저 에너지가 $140\;mJ/cm^2$ 경우에 산란 총량 값이 최소가 되었지만, ZnS 박막의 경우에는 Annealing 레이저광 에너지가 $62\;mJ/cm^2$일 때 산란 총량이 최소값을 나타냈다. AFM을 사용하여 박막시료의 표면 거칠기에 대한 펄스 레이저 Annealing 효과를 측정 하였다. 그 결과는 TIS 측정치와 유사 하여 표면 거칠기는 Annealing 하기위해 조사된 레이저 에너지에 의존 하여 감소하였다.