• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제73권4호
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• pp.397-405
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• 2020

In this study size optimization of large-scale dome structures with dynamic constraints is presented. In the optimal design of these structure, the Jaya algorithm is used to find minimal size of design variables. The design variables are the cross-sectional areas of the steel truss bar elements. To take into account the constraints which are the first five natural frequencies of the structures, the finite element analysis is coded in Matlab programs using eigen values of the stiffness matrix of the dome structures. The Jaya algorithm and the finite elements codes are combined by the help of the Matlab - GUI (Graphical User Interface) programming to carry out the optimization process for the dome structures. To show the efficiency and the advances of the Jaya algorithm, 1180 bar dome structure and the 1410 bar dome structure were tested by taking into the frequency constraints. The optimal results obtained by the proposed algorithm are compared with those given in the literature to demonstrate the performance of the Jaya algorithm. At the end of the study, it is concluded that the proposed algorithm can be effectively used in the optimal design of large-scale dome structures.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.511-528
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• 2021

There are recently some advances in solving numerically topology optimization problems for large-scaled trusses based on ground structure approach. A disadvantage of this approach is that the final design usually includes many bars, which is difficult to be produced in practice. One of efficient tools is a so-called filter scheme for the ground structure to reduce this difficulty and determine several distinct bars. In detail, this technique is valuable for practical uses because unnecessary bars are filtered out from the ground structure to obtain a well-defined structure during the topology optimization process, while it still guarantees the global equilibrium condition. This process, however, leads to a singular system of equilibrium equations. In this case, the minimization of least squares with Tikhonov regularization is adopted. In this paper, a proposed algorithm in controlling optimal Tikhonov parameter is considered in combination with the filter scheme due to its crucial role in obtaining solution to remove numerical singularity and saving computational time by using sparse matrix, which means that the discrete optimal topology solutions depend on choosing the Tikhonov parameter efficiently. Several numerical examples are investigated to demonstrate the efficiency of the filter parameter control algorithm in terms of the large-scaled optimal topology designs.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.54-65
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• 2022

최근 대규모 산업구조물의 해체수요가 증가하고 있으며, 해체된 산업부지를 원래 자연환경으로 복원하는 공사가 진행하고 있다. 본 시공사례는 구조적 노후화와 기능적 요건을 만족하지 못하는 대단면 철근콘크리트 구조물인 터빈기초를 해체하기 위해 발파해체공법을 적용하였다. 발파해체 결과 터빈기초의 파쇄상태는 양호하였고, 주변 시설물의 피해 없이 발파해체를 완료하였다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.333-344
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• 2004

This paper illustrates application of the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and the autoregressive (AR) model to simulate large wind pressures due to gusts on a low-rise building. In the POD analysis, the covariance of the ensemble of large wind pressures is employed to calculate the principal modes and coordinates. The POD principal coordinates are modeled using the AR process, and the fitted AR models are employed to generate the principal coordinates. The generated principal coordinates are then used to simulate large wind pressures. The results show that the structure characterizing large wind pressures is well represented by the dominant eigenmodes (up to the first fifteen eigenmodes). Also, wind pressures with large peak values are simulated very well using the dominant eigenmodes along with the principal coordinates generated by the AR models.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.357-367
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• 2005

A numerical method is developed for the hydroelastic response of the Very Large Floating Structure considering the sea-bottom topography. The sea-bottom effects on the hydroelastic response of the floating structure is studied. The sea-bottom topography should be considered when the floating structure is constructed near the shore. To investigate the sea-bottom effects, four different sea-bottom topographies are considered in this study. finite-element method based on the variational formulation is used in the fluid domain, The pontoon-type floating structure is modeled as the Kirchhoff plate. The mode superposition method is adopted for the hydroelastic behavior of the floating structure.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2016

산업구조물의 기능적.구조적 노후화에 따른 해체 수요가 증가하고 있으며, 시간적.공간적 환경위해요소를 최소화하기 위해 발파해체공법 또는 기계식해체 및 발파해체를 혼용한 해체공법의 적용이 증가하고 있다. 본 시공사례에서는 대단면 철근콘크리트 구조물인 터빈기초 구조물을 해체하기 위해 부분발파해체 공법을 적용하였다. 발파 결과, 터빈기초 구조물의 보와 기둥과의 접합부, 우각부의 헌치, 2층 기둥부가 적절하게 파쇄되었으며, 주변 시설물에 피해 없이 발파를 완료하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제84권2호
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• pp.167-180
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• 2022

A strategic structure when exposed to direct hit of conventional bomb/projectile are severely damaged because of large amounts of energy released by the impact and penetration of bomb. When massive concrete slabs suffer a direct hit, the energy released during impact and penetration process are able to easily break up large mass of concrete. When over stressed under such impact of bombs, the concrete structure fails showing brittle behavioural nature. This paper is intended to study and suggest the protective measures for structures used for strategic application by adopting a means to dissipate the large quantum of energy released. To quantitatively evaluate the force, displacement and energy in such scenario, a fine numerical model of the proposed layered structure of different combinations was built in ANSYS programme in which tri-nitrotoluene (TNT) explosive was detonated at penetration depth calculated for GP1000 Lbs bomb. The distinct blast mitigation effect of the proposed structure was demonstrated by adopting various layers/barriers created as protective measures for the strategic structure. The calculated result shows that the blast effect on the structure is potentially reduced due to provision of buster slab with sand cushioning provided as protective measure to the main structure. This concept of layered protective measures may be adopted for safeguarding strategic structures such as Domes, Tunnels and Underground Structures.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.797-801
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• 2003

One of the largest challenges for quantum chemistry today is to obtain accurate results for large complex molecular systems, and a variety of approaches have been proposed recently toward this goal. We have developed the ONIOM method, an onion skin-like multi-level method, combining different levels of quantum chemical methods as well as molecular mechanics method. We have been applying the method to many different large systems, including thermochemistry, homogeneous catalysis, stereoselectivity in organic synthesis, solution chemistry, fullerenes and nanochemistry, and biomolecular systems. The method has recently been combined with the polarizable continuum model (ONIOM-PCM), and was also extended for molecular dynamics simulation of solution (ONIOM-XS). In the present article the recent progress in various applications of ONIOM and other electronic structure methods to problems of homogeneous catalyses and nanochemistry is reviewed. Topics include 1. bond energies in large molecular systems, 2. organometallic reactions and homogeneous catalysis, 3. structure, reactivity and bond energies of large organic molecules including fullerenes and nanotubes, and 4. biomolecular structure and enzymatic reaction mechanisms.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2006년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.537-542
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• 2006

This paper deals with the vibration isolation techniques for a large structure using experimental research. In the case of vibration isolation for the vicinity of a subway or a railroad station, most of vibration isolation techniques using isolation materials with high isolation efficiency only, have been applied. Therefore, the quantitative evaluation and design technologies are required for a vibration isolation of large structures. In this study, firstly, vibration characteristics due to train or subway are analyzed. Secondly, the performance of existing vibration isolation materials such as precision isolation material, elastomer is estimated through the experiments. Thirdly the performance of tire isolation material and its frame is tested and evaluated.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.397-406
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• 2009

최근에는 구조적 노후화 및 기능적 요건을 만족하지 못하여 해체되는 산업구조물의 수요가 증가하고 있으며, 해체과정에서 발생되는 시간적, 공간적 환경위해요소를 최소화하기 위해 발파해체공법의 적용이 증가하고 있다. 본 시공 사례는 구조적 노후화와 기능적 요건을 충족하지 못하는 대단면 철근콘크리트 특수구조물인 Crusher & Screen 구조물의 발파해체를 기술하였다. 대단면 철근콘크리트 부재에 대한 다양한 사전취약화 및 발파패턴을 적용하였으며 발파진동 및 충격진동을 감소시키기 위해 동일한 기둥 내에서의 발파시차 및 발파구역간의 발파시차를 설정하였다. 대단면 철근콘크리트 특수구조물의 해체에 발파해체공법을 적용함으로써 주변 시설물에 대한 피해없이 안전하고 효율적으로 해체가 완료되었다.