• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.36
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• pp.227-239
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• 2003

Korea and China can find the common feature derived from the mutual cultural exchanges, belonging to the same cultural sphere of the East Asia. It also applies to the stone figures of the palace gardens of both countries. In case of Korea in the stone figures of the palace gardens, there are few of them existing in Kyungbok Palace, Changduk Palace, and Changkyung Palace of the Chosun Dynasty, and most of them were washed away, there are hardly any records remaining and transmitted, and there are hardly any materials of drawings and pictures of them. On the contrary, in case of China, although there are those washed away, there are vast numbers of real objects, and records and materials of them. Therefore, for the study on the stone figures of Korea, the method to analogize the research lacking regarding the stone figures of the palace gardens of Korea from those of China after conducting the comparative study between those existing and those of China, may be available. I consider that although the restoration of the palaces of Chosun Dynasty of Korea had been the restoration project oriented toward the buildings until now, it will be the phase where one should have more interest toward the restoration of the palace gardens in the future, and that the restoration of the palace gardens should be made centered on the landscape architectural structures, deviated from the restoration project attaching weight to the restoration of the trees. Above all, I consider that the interest should be turned to the restoration of the stone figures where the view toward the nature of the Orientals are expressed well. For the restoration of the stone figures in the Changduk and Changkyung Palaces, it is considered that the restoration of the rough locations and shapes is possible based on the Dongkwol Drawings being transmitted, and that the research on the shapes, characters, pedestals, characteristics, etc. of the specific stone figures is possible as far as it is based on the study of the stone figures of the palace gardens of China.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.2 no.1_2
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• pp.123-144
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• 1999

This paper examines the change of quality of life in the Integrated Yosu City and suggests the directions of urban development. Research into the quality of life in local and region scale is interesting both from the point of view of theory and practice, and has attracted much attention in the social sciences since the 1960s. This study is an attempt to examine the change of the quality of hie in the Integrated Yosu City. In the overall assessment of the level of satisfaction about the quality of life during the past five years, most of the respondents have positive evaluation of the changes of quality of urban life. In particular, the quality of living facilities, urban administration and convenience services has relatively improved during the past five years. On the other hand, the quality of physical environment. art and cultural opportunities, transportation options has been backward during the past five years. Therefore, the directions of urban development of the Integrated Yosu City may be summarized as follows: the establishment of a wide transportation network system, waterfront development, the activation of tourism industry and harbor works, the preparation of an urban landscape, the citizens'campaign for a community culture.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.75-83
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• 2017

The cultural tendency based on sharing and cooperation, which has recently been a hot issue, accelerates throughout the world. This study began with a perception that a sharing culture is inherent in urban public spaces. This study aims to conduct a theoretical study of the sharing culture and to analyze the characteristics of the design composition of public spaces. This study selected squares in 16 European cities as cases for analysis. The results are summarized as follows:1)To analyze the design characteristics of public spaces in which a sharing culture is inherent, this study drew the shape and type of planes and sharing elements such as accessibility, symbolism and activity with the squares in the cases. 2)The shape of planes in the squares in the cases has been formed in close relations with the historic meaning and events of the area and the process of the construction of buildings surrounding the square. The squares in the cases were classified into seven plane types, and these squares have developmentally contributed to the formation of a sharing culture as a place for free participation and communication concerning social issues. 3)In the squares in the cases, the weight of road-centered access appears high, and in terms of the construction of human-friendly / environment-friendly infrastructure in the city or judging from the trend of the recent increase of pedestrian-centered plans for public space, it is judged that approaches with a high utilization rate of sidewalk or public transportation would be desirable. 4)Symbolic elements of the square become a device by which citizens can share the historic symbolism, along with artistic inspiration. In addition, by serving as an observatory from which people can take a view of the landscape of the city, it allows visual sharing of the entire city as well as the square. 5)A square is common pool resources in the community, and it is necessary to vitalize that in a direction of increasing the possibility of sharing, through the characteristics and methods of the composition of public design.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.147-156
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• 2010

Among the towns of GyeongJu and SamCheok on which I have surveyed about their amenity resources in 2010, I chose 5 towns that are close to the Eastsea to analyze the data and to devise how to revitalize fishing villages. And the results are as follows. 1. Although Yangbuk-myeon is geographically located to have all the aspects of fishing village, farming village, and mountain village, the resources utilized are mainly that of mountain village. There is need to utilize actively historical amenity resources like Munmudaewangreung of Yangbuk-myeon. 2. The use of amenity resources of Yangnam-myeon is centered on farm and mountain village. But if they utilize amenity resources of fishing villages of Eupcheon-port's neighborhood, it would be a big help for the revitalization of Yangnam-myeon which is depressed. 3. The fishing mackerels on boat of Gampo-eup Jeonchonri is a successful example of utilization of fishing village's amenity resources. However, there is need to utilize amenity resources of farming and mountain villages that are near to Gampo-eup, so it can attract visitors to stay longer. Particularly, the fishing villages of the East coast must develop 4 seasons program connecting the amenity resources of neighboring farm and mountain. 4. Geundeok-myeon is a town where they made the amenity resources of fishing village into tourist attractions. But considering the wide gap between Geundeok-myeon and neighboring fishing, farming and mountain villages that cannot get the advantage of development, there has to be some inducement in policy so every town can be developed evenly. 5. After analyzing how the towns utilize the amenity resources to make them tourist attraction, it is shown that Geundeok-myeon of SamCheok is the best town which is using fishing village's amenity resources well, and Yangnam-myeon and Yangbuk-myeon of GyeongJu are scarcely using them. About types of tourist attraction, the programs with scenic view of fishing village, with water-sport, and with Eco-experience are needed to improved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.91-102
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• 2015

In connection with biodiversity that has recently become the topic, competition to secure biological genetic resources is being heightened all over the world. Korea also has a variety of efforts to secure and preserve plant genetic resources, and has recognized the importance of the function and role of arboretums. Arboretums in Korea, however, have the problems in terms of quality due to the rapid increase. One of the problems is shortages in experts who are essential for the proper functioning of arboretums. To solve the problem, the State introduced Gardener Training Program certification system and started to train gardeners. However, gardeners who have actually employed at arboretums are less than 20% and thus the problem of shortages in experts still exists. In this context, this study examined 44 registered arboretums in Korea to find out the current situation of experts; analyzed arboretum experts and the program certification system in view of relevant laws; and investigated the current situation of training programs being operated in three Gardener Training Program certification organizations. Finally, this study conducted a survey of 68 gardeners who completed the training program at Chollipo Arboretum and tried to suggest a plan for securing experts from the gardener training programs. The plan for utilizing the trained gardeners as experts in arboretums is as follows: First, legal standards for the employment of experts in arboretums should be strengthened. Second, it is necessary to evaluate training programs, in order to raise the reliability of arboretum experts' expertise. Third, official validity that can be honored in all arboretums should be granted to a certificate of program completion. Finally, networks of gardeners who completed the programs should be formed through follow-up management of them.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.77-89
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• 2014

This study intends to establish a system to investigate and analyze various impacting factors to Rural Housings such as the relationship of characteristics of Rural Housings located in a Rural Village to the Village and a Unit Housing, to the External and Internal Spaces inside the Unit Housing and the Village, and to Living Characteristics of the Residents and Space from an integrated point of view. The results of this study are largely summarized as following four kinds. Rural Housing Survey System can be largely classified into three stages, and they are a Preliminary Survey, Basic Survey and In-depth Survey. Along with these, the scope of the survey contents can be divided into a survey result by a unit of village, of land, of housing, and of resident's opinion survey. Secondly, the surveys by village unit are on location properties, Village Identity, Street Network, Land Use, Landscape Features and Public Facilities, and consist of Literature, Discussion and Field Survey. Thirdly, the land Unit Surveys are on a Driveway, Gate Location, Housing Placement, Outer Space Design in a Yard and Outer Space Use Characteristics, and consist of Questionnaire and Field Surveys. For the fourth, the Housing Unit Surveys are on an Internal Space Design and Placement, and consist of Questionnaire and Field Surveys. Finally, the Resident Questionnaire Survey consisted of Entire Discussion Survey and a Household one, and then the Entire Survey was on the Village's History, Village's Characteristics, Cultivation Characteristics and Community Activities while an individual one was on Main Living Characteristics, Satisfaction and Utilization Characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.12 no.3 s.32
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• pp.19-28
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• 2006

This study has been conducted to perform the survey on the ecological systems, scenary, and water quality change for agriculturally purposed drainage channels constructed with the application of environment-friendly methods and thus to evaluate the environment-friendly redevelopment effects of them. The main results of this study are as follow: 1. The channels not looking good aesthetically before redevelopment had changed into graceful scenic views from the aspect of landscape architecture as natural-type gently waterside to the channel and naturally-looking water stream. In the village parks developed for the rest of residents, an enough view was secured and thus a wide prospect scope could be obtained. 2. The flora in the channels have increased to 35 families and 82 species from 19 families and 32 species before renovation. As the growth speed of them are slower than externally-brought plants, they can cause some risks to the stability of land slope, including scour by erosion. From that reason, it is necessary to adequately combine the species of the plants both natively growing there and externally-brought planted. 3. In case of water quality, it turned out that, from more than a year after redevelopment, plants began to take roots and the water quality improved. On the contrary, there have been some cases, partly found, that aggravated the quality of water due to the causes like as retention of floating matters by withered plants or plant bodies after the growth of plants in the channels under survey became active, and therefore it is judged that a periodic maintenance of waterways is needed. 4. In case of fishes, all species before renovation have revived, and the population and the number of species have increased after works the formation of puddles in the channels. In waterside grasslands, amphibia and reptiles have not only increased but also been diversified.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.19
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• pp.8041-8046
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• 2014

In-depth analysis of how TRAIL signals through death receptors to induce apoptosis in cancer cells using high throughput technologies has added new layers of knowledge. However, the wealth of information has also highlighted the fact that TRAIL induced apoptosis may be impaired as evidenced by experimental findings obtained from TRAIL resistant cancer cell lines. Overwhelmingly, increasing understanding of TRAIL mediated apoptosis has helped in identifying synthetic and natural compounds which can restore TRAIL induced apoptosis via functionalization of either extrinsic or intrinsic pathways. Increasingly it is being realized that biologically active phytochemicals modulate TRAIL induced apoptosis, as evidenced by cell-based studies. In this review we have attempted to provide an overview of how different phytonutrients have shown efficacy in restoring apoptosis in TRAIL resistant cancer cells. We partition this review into how the TRAIL mediated signaling landscape has broadened over the years and how TRAIL induced signaling machinery crosstalks with autophagic protein networks. Subsequently, we provide a generalized view of considerable biological activity of coumarins against a wide range of cancer cell lines and how coumarins (psoralidin and esculetin) isolated from natural sources have improved TRAIL induced apoptosis in resistant cancer cells. We summarize recent updates on piperlongumine, phenethyl isothiocyanate and luteolin induced activation of TRAIL mediated apoptosis. The data obtained from pre-clinical studies will be helpful in translation of information from benchtop to the bedside.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.517-525
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• 2010

Horticultural therapy is a complementary therapy by trained professionals utilizing plant and horticultural activities as media to pursue the positive change of clients, which resulting from stimuli of plant nature, activities, and interaction with other people. Outdoor horticultural activities provide clients with the opportunities of the contact to nature such as fresh air and sunlight as well as plants. But the importance of plant nature to client's health has not been fully acknowledged compared to that of therapist's role and activities in horticultural therapy in Korea. In horticultural therapy it is possible for client to participate on the various levels from passive viewing to active gardening according to the client's ability. Therefore it is necessary for horticultural therapists to consider the therapeutic factors of plant nature to maximize the therapeutic effect of horticultural therapy. The purpose of the research is to clarify the therapeutic factors in the contact of client with plant nature and to emphasize those importance in horticultural therapy. From the review of the experimental researches five therapeutic factors were revealed: Natural light, plant natural view, natural sound, aroma(volatile oils of plants), and plant itself. This paper raises the importance of outdoor activities in horticultural therapy and the necessity for severely handicapped clients to the contact with plant nature, though passively.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.209-224
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• 2016

The purpose of this study are to analyze the realities and characteristics of the inflow manufacturing factories located in non-urbanized area in the Capital region, and to extract the problems from locational point of view during the last 10 years. Using the raw data of factory registration statistics from 2006 to 2015, this study has intended to show the distributional characteristics of the independently-located manufacturing factories by various mapping methods. As a result, about 90% of the factories are heavily concentrated into 10 adjacent regions to Seoul and large cities. This study carried out questionaire surveys and in-depth interview to the leaders of Janganmyeon, Hwaseong-shi which have experienced the rapid increase of manufacturing factories. The independently-located factories have caused environmental pollution, destroyed rural village landscape, and affected the negative impact of the neighborhood community. The results of this study provide some implications to establish a desirable industrial location policy of non-urban areas in Capital region.