• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2002

For landscape ecological management of the isolated forestlands in Incheon city located in the western tip of South Korea, the forest vegetation of Mt. Cheolma was classified phytosciologically and mapped out its spatial distribution at a scale of 1:5,000. Characteristics of forest landscape structures were discussed in terms of the number and size of patches obtained by analy zing vegetation map. Units to manage the forest vegetation were categorized into eighteen communities, seventeen groups, and sixteen subgroups. Landscape elements were classified into five types: secondary vegetation, introduced vegetation for forestry (IVF), introduced vegetation for agriculture (IVA), and other elements. Two hundred and ninety-three forest landscape patches covers 443.3ha, of which IVF accounted for 316.8ha(71.5$\%$), the largest portion, secondary vegetation for 101.2ha(22.8$\%$), IVA for 6.2ha(1.4$\%$), and others for 19.1ha(4.3$\%$). The ratio of natural forest elements of 31.9$\%$ showed that this area was mainly comprised of artificially introduced vegetation, such as Robinia pseudoacacia plantation and Pinus rigida plantation. Forest landscape patches have a mean area of 4.5ha, a density of 66.1/100ha, and a diversity index of 0.87. It was estimated that differentiation of patches recognized in community level would be related to human interference and those in subordinate level to natural processes.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.135-148
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• 1994

When we put a construction on the space organization form of Seyeon-jong garden through a consequence of drawing analysis, we were able to certify that a certain space construction principle was applied as following. First, the arrangement and organization of space construction element embodied systematic order y clearing the character of space, and heightening the degree of cognizance with the means of functionability, scale, height, decorationability, an inclination of artificiality and nature, systemetic approchability. Second, the space construction element of Seyeon-jong garden pursued a harmony of human work and nature for creating a various atmosphere and visual quality. Third, Seyeon-jong garden constructed the space by establishing the measurement of human scale that introduced a conception of near, middle, distant view on the visual angle. Forth, Yun go san introduced the natural shape of 'The song of five friends' as a construction element, and represented the symbolism that he had seeked for throught he arrangement method, christening, composing technique of the space construction element for expressing ideal space which is described in 'The four season song of fishermen' spatially at Seyeon-jong garden. As the results of this study, that Yun go san created his own ideal space that he longed for at Seyeon-jong garden with applying fixed design system, and he realized his will that he strived to form a complete whole in perfect harmony.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2006

This study emphasizes users' participation, a living-transforming visuality, as users have appeared to be a central element of landscape design but ignored before. Also this study tries to propose meaning of extended visuality in contemporary landscape design on the basis of visual criticism on simple perception-and contemplations convention-based landscape design. For these purposes, this study reviews characteristics of visual changes appeared in modern reductionist paintings. In other words, arts can be interpreted in polysemous ways through bodies' experience. Deconstructive concepts derived from the theoretical reviews can be categorized into three including the participation of the users' bodies from a contemplative point of view, textuality and intertextuality, and experiences from works. Those concepts were used to criticize the previous discourse on landscape designs and to analyze various issues in the theories, themes and techniques in contemporary landscape design. The significance of the expanded visuality in contemporary landscape design is that it brings the users' voluntary participation. This structure can serve as a tool to obtain the users' perceptive effects. At the same time, it can be regarded as a process of establishing the relationships between the users and the works. Thus emphasis is placed not only on the influences of the effects structure of the works themselves, but also on the many different dimensions related to the users' bodies. It implies that the meaning of design is not determined by the designer but a product resulted from the voluntary relationships between users and works. These findings lead to ambiguous distinctions between arts everyday life, and eventually to the end of the concepts of formative dichotomous aesthetics and their effectiveness. Finding of this study call for not only redefining the space where landscape design is created and communicated, but also reconsidering the concepts of landscape design and its ontological meanings.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제27권
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• pp.69-75
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• 2009

This research regard it as most meaningful to realize the importance of the hedgerow in cultivated areas functioning as a residual landscape element in rural landscape and set improvement guidelines through landscape character and value analysis to cope with landscape malfunction. The results of summary are as follows. 1) First of all, as a result of landscape character analysis of edge stripe in cultivated land in total of 7 case areas, for example, the edge stripe in cultivated land in case area 4 and 8 maintain the width of 10m and are assessed satisfactory in terms of vegetation development condition, appearance of living species, connectivity, buffer capacity and so on. Also, as a result of structural character of correlation analysis among items, the correlation coefficient between width and appearance of living species showed 0.941, the highest. Following are connectivity and appearance of living species and width and buffer capacity respectively: 0.841 and 0.740. 2) As a result of landscape character analysis of uncultivated stripe in total of 6 case areas, it is analyzed that case area 4 maintains the widest width as almost 4.5m average width and considered valuable as I degree in vegetation development condition, filtering, and connectivity. 3) As a result of problem analysis of uncultivated stripe, for example, case 3, 9, and 10 was analyzed that the width was below 1.25m which is too small to carry out the function of buffer and habitat for living creature, so minimum standard width was set between 4~5m through comprehensive analysis of character of each case area. Based on the result above landscape character, value and problem analysis, main improvement guidelines are set in terms of width, connectivity, filtering, and vegetation development, restrictive practices and so on.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2018

A Visual landscape planning and management system has been introduced and implemented by each ministry so as to solve the problems of visual landscape destruction due to recognition on the value of natural landscape of beautiful territory and various development projects. At present, this system emphasizes the importance of the visual and perceptual aspect of the landscape however, there is a lack of techniques required for comprehensively predicting, evaluating, and managing it. Furthermore, sustainable landscape management after the completion of development projects has been inadequately carried out, as the focus has been only on consultation in the planning process of the development project in institutional performance. To this end, we presented objective and standardized criteria to predict and judge the effects of development projects on landscapes before project implementation. During the implementation of the development project, the influence of the visual landscape becomes accumulated in the construction progress stage. There is a need to identify the main viewpoints and to examine the continuous changes in the landscape-influencing factors, owing to the remarkable influences on the landscape, such as the change in the topography and the change caused by the artificial structure. During the stage of managing the influence on the visual landscape after the completion of the project, the influence on landscape should be monitored by measuring the change in the continuous landscape-influencing factors and determining the extent to which the actual reduction plan has been implemented. These processes should be performed continuously to maintain the quality of the visual landscape. The change in the landscape caused by the development project is shown to cause relatively greater visual damage than other factors composing the landscape owing to the influence of the artificial factors including the structure or the building. This shows that not only detailed examination of the visual impact before the development project but also continuous management is required during and after the development project. For this purpose, we derived eight landscape-influencing factors including form/shape, line, color, texture, scale/volume, height, skyline, and landscape control point. The proposed considering to be of high utilization in that it has a clear target of the landscape influencing factors.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.321-343
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• 2004

이 글은 내포지역의 읍성 연구를 사례로 음성취락의 사회공간적 재편과 근대화에 접근한 것이다. 한반도의 서 남해안 일대는 방어상의 이유와 넓은 하안 충적평야, 해안 저지대의 농경제적 가치 때문에 다른 지역에 비해 우선적으로 읍성 축조가 이루어졌다. 내포지역은 그러한 대표적인 공간이다. 내포지역의 읍치경관 원형은 방위와 길흉의 연관성에 대한 전통적 관념이나 권력의 자연화 전략을 반영하며 일정한 원칙 하에 조형되면서도 국지적 단위의 시 공간성을 반영하고 있었다. 조선시대동안 초기 읍성이 지닌 공간성은 군사적 공간으로부터 점차 정치 행정적 중심지로 변화하여 갔다. 일제강점기가 되면, 전통시기의 읍치가 통치 행정 치소로서의 기능을 넘어 자본 축적의 중심, 경제와 교육의 거점, 촌락 공간의 중심지로 변모하기 시작한다. 내포지역에는 개항지가 설치되지 않았음에도 불구하고 일본인의 읍성안 토지 장악은 주요 개항지의 그것보다 훨씬 더 전면적이었다. 더욱이 읍성 공간을 천한 공간으로 여기던 전통적 인식은 조선인들의 신속한 읍성 이탈을 부추긴 반면, 읍성 공간이 갖는 정치, 경제, 사회적 중심성과 서비스업에 종사함으로써 얻은 풍부한 자본력은 일본인들의 광범위한 토지 점유를 가속화한 흡입 요인으로 작용하였다. 이미 1920년대부터 구읍성 일대는 통치 기능 외에 금융, 상업, 교육, 교통 기능의 중심지이자 새로운 도시 문제의 발원지로서 이전과는 다른 새로운 공간성을 갖게 된다. 이와 같이 일제강점기 동안의 경관 변형은 기존 거주민(조선인)에 의해서가 아닌 대체 거주민(일본인)을 통해 주도되었고, 결과적으로 그것은 형태와 기능상의 변혁이었음은 물론이고 매우 급격한 사회공간적 재편이었다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate the non-timber forest functions of the Research Forest area of Kangwon National University. In this study, forest recreation function was investigated through survey method answered by forest management experts. The evaluation factors for forest recreation function were separated into external and internal factors. Each factor was classified into intermediate element and detailed element. Therefore in this study, the evaluation factors of forest recreation function were divided into two groups which are the potential of external factors and the suitability of internal factors. Potential of the external factors were divided into accessibility, location, landscape and induction factors while the suitability of internal factor was divided into stand structure, forest structure and human impact. The priority of the potential of external factors was in order that location, accessibility, induction factors and landscape. The most important factors for the location, accessibility, induction and landscape factors are based on regional characteristics.

• 농촌계획
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to find out the color preference on rural rooftop color. Today, public profit value of a rural community has been heavily recognized in the areas of preservation of pro-environmental and traditional life styles and foundation of collective community. Comparatively with urban, rural town conserves the scenic of those days when the historic landscape existed. Therefore, elements of historic and tradition in rural town are interesting resources to people who want traditional experience. Color is one of the most influenced elements for the image of Landscape. On the other hand, radical modernization has brought conflicting color element that does not blend with existing environmental color. Among others, roof represents one of the important traits of rapidly developing rural community due to vast amount of space it covers. In order to come up with more appropriate coloring scheme, it is necessary determine color that forms a balance with present conditions of rural life and historic landscape. This study provides more objective rooftop coloring selection process by employing additional surveys regarding color image adjective. I justified necessity of the balance between environmental color and roof color through analyzing correlation between environmental color of the rural town and Color Image Scale of the preliminary selection of roofs.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2004

Although the coastal area of Jeju has already been developed, it has high pressure and demands for development continually increasing due to the increase of tourism and leisure activities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to present objective guidance for the planning of the buildings on the seaside road with a view which have the largest impact on coastal landscape in order to enhance its visual quality. The results of this study are as follows : 1) It is chief element to make guidance for the use and planning of buildings in the conservation of the coastal landscape. 2) The D/H ratios which immediately influence an angle of elevation are different one another for the whole street. To ensure a sense of openness for the landscape, it is needed to maintain under $27^{\circ}$ angle of elevation, which demands 1~3 D/H ratio. 3) It is important to make 2.4 visual blockage ratio for whole street, but the actual condition is 4.48 ratio on average. To bring down the visual blockage ratio, the W/D ratio needs to be regulated. 4) Various techniques are also needed for lively building styles going with coastal landscape.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.78-89
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 도시경관계획의 효율적 실행수단 확보 차원에서 도시경관 유형화를 위한 기초자료를 구축하는데 있다. 이를 위해 국내 주요 학술지 논문과 경관계획 보고서 중 경관유형과 분류기준을 구체적으로 제시한 기존 연구를 분석하고, 이를 토대로 현행 도시계획의 근간이 되는 용도지역지구제에서 활용 가능한 도시경관 유형화 분류기준을 제시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 분석과 평가 관점의 경관유형화 방식은 생태학적 접근과 형식미학적 접근에 기반하여 경관요소들의 특성을 분석하며 이를 토대로 경관을 유형화하는 것이 큰 특징이라고 할 수 있다. 둘째, 우리나라 경관계획에서 보여지는 경관유형은 분석을 위한 경관유형과 계획을 위한 경관유형의 혼용에 의해 논리적인 경관유형 분류체계가 확립되지 않았으며, 이로 인해 경관관리대상에 대한 명확한 규정이 없다는 것이다. 이는 결국 경관관리를 위한 경관제어요소와 관리방안에 대한 구체적인 지침 부족으로 연결되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 경관계획 과정상의 효용성을 고려하여 활용 가능한 경관유형 분류기준을 크게 경관구성의 1차적 기준과 2차적 기준으로 제시하였다. 1차적 기준은 지형과 용도지역지구, 경관자원의 성격, 경관요소가 있고 2차적 기준은 경관계획 대상지 외부에서 경관을 구성하는 조망점, 조망점과 경관대상과의 거리, 도시공간의 형태적 특성 등으로 구분할 수 있다. 이를 이용한 도시경관 유형화는 도시 전반에 대한 경관관리가 가능하게 할 것이며, 향후 도시경관유형을 토대로 한 용도지역지구의 운용에 있어 기초자료로 활용될 수 있으리라 판단된다.