• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.119-128
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• 2019

Although the General Agricultural Fishing Village Development Project had a significant impact on the landscape formation and management in rural area, the rural landscape planning and project sectors was not stable by fluctuation variables. On the basic understanding the institutional status of rural landscape planning, some conclusions could be discussed as follows through the analysis of quantitative and qualitative changes and the background factors. The rural landscape plan lacked its own legal and institutional foundations, and the landscape project of the General Agricultural Fishing Village Development Project was mainly focused on the environment-improving H/W project for expanding the basic living infrastructures. In order to reflect the characteristics of the region and become independent rural landscape management, it is necessary to change the contents so that the S/W business such as the deepening landscape awareness and empowerment linked with improving the physical landscape. To this end, it is necessary to establish a foundation for the rural landscape planning system to have its own status, and it seems to seek to supplement with what is included S/W contents reflecting the context of higher level landscape planning. The landscape sector of the General Agricultural Fishing Village Development Project proved to be in the process of shrinking in both quantity and quality, despite the temporary expansion in the past. In addition, considering the distortion of the contents of landscape projects in rural sites, it seems that the rural landscape-related public project are now in a position to seek a new phase change beyond quantitative expansion. In particular, along with institutional improvements to secure the independent status of rural landscape planning that contributes to village community regeneration and social sustainability through the role of intermediary support organizations in landscape management activities. Through the integrated landscape plan, which is established in advance and led by the residents in the early stages, there is a need to change the direction to enhance meaning of the landscape planning goes beyond the facility design or space improvement.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.42-56
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• 2017

In Korea, which has three sides of the sea, various waterfront spaces are being developed and developed along with various coastal landscapes. However, there are a lot of cases that do not consider the regional characteristic of the coast or the characteristic of the coastal landscape. In many cases, the street facilities cause the landscape degradation and the use inconvenience because of incongruity with the scenery, aging and lax management. Therefore, it is necessary to reflect the specificity of the coastal landscape in planning and directing the street facilities, harmonizing with the surrounding natural environment, and consideration of sustainability. However, there is no research or planning index for sustainable street facilities considering the coastal characteristics. Therefore, this study suggests plan elements to improve the sustainability of the street facilities on the shore and proposes them as basic plan elements, and suggests what kind of improvements should be made to improve the sustainability of coastal facilities in Korea. Based on the plan elements derived from the plan, we checked the problems and complementary points of coastal street facilities in Korea by analyzing the current status of the street facilities around the Jeju Island beach from a sustainable point of view, and suggested plan indicators that should be supplemented to improve sustainability. We surveyed the street facilities such as walkway blocks, benches, pagoda, drinking fountain, trash cans, bicycle shelters, fences, guide maps, streetlights, and shower rooms in 10 beaches in Jeju Island. This study analyzed the sustainability characteristics of the each factor of these facilities by surveying the reflectivity of the 23 plan indicators from the six aspects derived from the sustainability planning factor as conformity, partial reflection, non - reflection, and nonconformity. The results of the analysis showed that the functional aspect was the highest with 68.3%, the material aspect (53%), the landscape aspect (22.3%), the productive aspect (14.7%) and the morphological aspect (12.2%), and maintenance / management (10.6%). In addition, the facilities with the lowest fitness in each aspect are bicycle shelter in landscape aspect, bicycle storage box and trash can in form aspect, shower room in material aspect, trash can in functional aspect, showroom, guide maps and drinking fountain in product aspect, showroom In maintenance aspect. In order to improve the sustainability of coastal facilities in the future, it is necessary to complement the administrative and landscape aspects. In coastal facilities, it is necessary to consider the sustainability planning index, especially for showers, taking into account the specificity of beaches. Consideration should be given to various aspects of sustainability for bike shelters and trash facilities. Through this study, we have proposed the plan elements to systematize, supplement, and improve the planning index for sustainability improvement in coastal facilities planning.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.1 s.108
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• pp.93-108
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• 2005

Fresh Kills is the largest landfill in the world located in the west side of Staten Island, New York. The landfill served as a storage area for New York City's trash for more than 50 years. After years of civilian and political pressure, state and local legislation decided its closure of landfill operation in Fresh Kills in March 2001. Soon after, Department of City Planning announced a Fresh Kills international design com-petition: 'Landfill to Landscape'. The winning entry was promised to be outline for the redevelopment of the 2,200 acre site which the size of three times Central Park. Forty-eight teams representing more than 200 offices from around world submitted proposals, from which six finalists that mostly led by landscape architects were selected. In December 2001, a jury of architects, landscape architects and city officials unanimously selected Field Operations as the winner. The plan, named Lifescape, visualizes the gradual 20-year transformation of the whole Staten Island into a 'natural lifestyle island' recognizing that Staten Island is home to coastal wetlands that shelter one of the most diverse ecosystems in the New York metropolitan area. It suggested that an ecologically reconstituted Fresh Kills could become the center of integrated parks and greenways system on the island otherwise fragmented. The project will be one of the largest and most ambitious undertakings in the metropolis in years developing a complex web of habitats and parklands on top of mountain of trash. This study tries to achieve two goals: One is to provide general explanations on the project, Lifescape, breaking down to its background, geographical context, design concepts and phased development plan. Another is to introduce the unique and innovative design approaches by Field Operations that are different from a conventional landscape architectural attitude. Since this project was well published through many magazines and newspapers, main focus will be upon aspects that differentiate this project from usual landscape projects. Conceptually Lifescape brought provocative notions on nature/culture relationship and the role of urban park as an active agency rather than just a green rest area. Also this project introduced pioneering graphics like plan collage, diagrammatic plan, phasing diagram and photo montage as vehicles conveying information, imagination and provocation. Witnessing the influence of the project gradually in the field of academic and practice in the States, this study is intended to become a constructive reference to similar landscape projects dealing with large and complex urban context in conjunction with restructure of contemporary city.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.23-32
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• 2007

In Korea, a regulation of visual impact evaluation on development plan in natural environment is provided at the Natural Environment Conservation Act, but it was difficult to obtained the effectiveness enough to conserve natural landscape. So, the visual impact review on development plan is introduced to the act, through the revision of the Natural Environment Conservation Act in 2005. The basic directions of visual impact review are preservation, restoration, view protection, and harmony. The items of review are as follows; (1) development alternations for the provided plan, (2) executive reduction plan of visual impacts including consideration of growth of plants, (3) deliberation process between persons or parties concerned, etc. For rapid settlement of visual impact review system, it needs that the validity, the reliability, and the objectivity should be confirmed through steady research about reasonable guidance of review.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.161-172
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• 2009

This study focuses on the application of landscape planning(i.e. including rural landscape character area designation and rural landscape planning etc.). That application of landscape planning provides the probably most operable and comprehensive version of what is generally accepted by the discipline. According to the planning discipline the schemes of planning are to; Firstly, we derived the improvement of landscape and the methods of landscape characterization subsequent to analyze the present condition and grasp the landscape resources in Yesan via reviewing the current study and field survey. Secondly, in order to achieve environmentally friendly rural landscape plan and characteristic rural landscape creation, we planed the draft landscape area such as woodland, hydrology area, urbanized area, rural communities, etc. which was classified by sphere of life moreover, we planed partly outdoor facilities, road and colour suchlike. Thirdly, we tried to seek the programme of conservation and utilization for scenic and characteristic rural landscape area via rural landscape character area designation. Lastly, it is proposed that rural landscape planning lead to inhabitant participation, system improvement, subject performance for carrying out efficient rural landscape planning.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.39-48
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• 2004

In the 1960s, polluted urban streams were covered and paved in concrete. Rivers became sewers buried under road. As a result, wildlife habitat was lost and the open stream space was gone. In the 1990s, there was a movement for restoring urban streams to enhance the quality of life of inhabitants. Chungkye Stream, whose covering began from early 1950s and ended in 1977, is now in the process of restoration together with the Central Business District (CBD) Redevelopment Plan. However, as the construction proceeds, several problems were raised, and serious controversies resulted. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the validity of the approach of the Chungkye Stream Restoration Project through a literature survey and a site survey, and to present the improved alternative. Ultimately, the study aims to contribute to present references or guidelines for similar urban stream restoration projects. The Chungkye Stream Restoration Project has some of the following problems. First, the construction should be done based on the long-term urban redevelopment plan. Second, the construction period should be extended to restore urban streams. Third, the cultural asset conservation plan should be implemented. In order to fulfill the anticipated purpose, the above mentioned problems need to be solved.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.62-63
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• 1999

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.27-36
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• 2015

This study analyzed the characteristics of the entries at the design competition for the Hoehyeon section of Namsan from a perspective of the Historic Urban Landscape and made suggestions from them. Hoehyeon, located at the foot of Namsan, is the most changing site in the park and Seoul City Wall. Recent excavation of the old city walls of the Joseon Era has uncovered evidence of the Japanese occupation period, making it a site where park facilities in modern and contemporary history coexist. The frame analysis has been made by the concept of the Historic Urban Landscape, the methods of approach, specialists' discussion and the guidelines of the competition. The entries were analyzed by classification of the understanding of the spatiality and cultural diversity, the recognition of the periodic layers of time, and the design implementation, the preservation, the park plan, and the future management plan. From a perspective of an Historic Urban Landscape, this study has found that each entry placed priority on the objects for preservation and suggested creative involvement and comprehensive designs for the preservation and the park plan through the understanding of the spatiality and cultural diversity and the reflection of the periodic layers of time in the designs. This study provided two implications. Firstly, there was a possibility for new recognition and the methods of approach for preservation and development. Secondly, the basic plan for the Historic Landscape should be established through research and mapping for the preservation and management of objects in Seoul having valuable historic variability. Further study for resident participation and the process by network from public to private should be taken. This study looks forward to the consideration of the direction for the design plans of places with historic and cultural value.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.68-80
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• 2005

This study intends to analysis problems and propose of EIA(Environmental Impact Assessment) and PER(Pre-Environmental Review) especially on division of landscape impacts. The problems of EIA and PER are first, on analysis of existing conditions side, insufficiency of the list of landscape elements and their descriptions and presentations, and the number of viewpoints and each validity second, on estimation of landscape impacts, the methods and techniques of estimation and simulation, and the process of impact estimation, third, on suggestion of reduction plans, reduction devices covering impacts, the lack of influence reduction forecasting devices, the deficiency of execution power of reduction plans, finally, the systematic connection of impact estimation with existing conditions analysis and reduction plans. Therefore, on each step from existing condition analysis to reduction plan suggestion, the solutions to each problem are proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2004

This surveillance research drafted a conservation plan of regional green spaces, on a metropolitan area level, geared toward the Minuma Tanbo area of 1260 ha, located in Saitama City, in the suburbs of Tokyo. It was an effective method, applied to an area where Japan's current issues on regional green space were epitomized, as it formed symposiums consisting of various personnel, and the opinions of the citizen had been reflected.