• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2021

이 논문은 흡수율이 높은 제올라이트를 일반 굵은골재의 대체재로 보도용 조경포장 콘크리트에 적용하기 위한 기초 연구로서, 제올라이트 굵은골재 대체율에 따른 포장 콘크리트의 흡수성능과 강도 특성을 파악하였다. 제올라이트 굵은골재의 흡수율은 약 14%로서 일반 굵은골재와 비교하여 흡수성능이 2.5배 증가하였다. 그리고, 제올라이트 굵은골재를 포장 콘크리트에 혼입하면 굵은골재 대체율에 따라 흡수율이 증가하고, 최대 대체율 50%에서 5.2%로 일반 포장 콘크리트와 비교하여 약 42% 증가하였다. 제올라이트 혼입 포장 콘크리트의 압축강도는 대체율 20%까지 증가한 후 감소하였지만 건설기준코드에서 규정하는 압축강도 기준은 모두 충족하였다. 휨강도는 대체율 10%까지 기준강도를 만족하였으나 대체율에 따라 강도가 감소하였으며, 포장 콘크리트의 균열저항성에 영향을 주는 쪼갬인장강도는 대체율 20%까지 일반 포장 콘크리트의 강도보다 크게 나타났다. 제올라이트 혼입 포장 콘크리트의 흡수성능과 강도 특성에 대한 연구결과로부터 제올라이트 굵은골재를 일반 굵은골재의 대체재로 적용이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.60-70
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• 2001

This landscape design proposal was presented to a design competition for Gwangjin-gu Community Center and Assembly Hall. The site is located in 227-7 Jayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul and is part a block designated as \`Kunkuk University Detailed Planning District\`. The judging criteria for landscape design set by the Gwangjin-gu could be articulated as follows: an identity of Gwangjin-gu, a relationship with surrounding environment, a locale as a community center of Gwangjin-gu, and an environment-friendly design. An identity of Gwangjin-gu was expressed by introducing lends and decks around the building which were transformed from the image of the old Gwangjin Ferry. The concept\` was strengthened by \`Nori-madang\` or Korean version of \`plaza\` which was designed by a motive of \`mungsuk\` or Korean old fashioned straw mat. An ambiguous relationship between the site and the surroundings was set by \`transparent exhibition frame\` which not only bleaks the massive Chungdam-daegyo, an elevated road, and frames it into small parts, but also attracts pedestrians toward the site-the \`park\`. Pedestrians from the adjacent\` Nengdong-ro Walkable Streets\` views the site through the many parts of frames. By introducing diverse resting and dynamic spaces for many kinds of cultural activities the site could function as a locale of the Gwangjin-gu community. The main paving system reflects the environment- friendly design. It was detailed by \`PC-block-deck-paving\` which was elevated from the ground so that rains could be absorbed.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2015

중국 강남지방 고전 사가원림의 포장문양은 황가원림보다 종류도 다양하고 변화도 많다. 쑤저우 사가원림에서 다양한 문양을 도입하게 된 사상적 배경을 규명하기 위해서 세계문화유산으로 지정된 9개소의 원림을 조사 분석하였다. 그 결과 원시 자연숭배신앙인 애니미즘과 토테미즘의 영향은 소수로 나타났다. 쑤저우 고전원림 포장문양 가운데 큰 영향을 미친 것은 유교, 도교, 불교 사상인 것으로 나타났다. 유교 사상이 나타난 사례는 간방식, 팔방식, 육방식 문양으로 주로 진입로나 정당건물 앞에 넓은 면적에 포설된다. 도교 사상이 나타나는 문양은 오복봉수(五福捧壽), 반도(蟠桃), 암팔선 문양이다. 불교 사상이 나타나는 사례는 팔보 문양인데 그 가운데 윤회사상을 나타내는 반장 문양이 제일 많이 나타난다. 이밖에 쑤저우 고전원림 포장 문양 76 종류 가운데에는 복(福), 재물, 다산(多産), 신분상승을 기원하는 의미에서 선호하고 믿었던 민속문화라는 범주의 문양들이 있다. 박쥐, 나비, 잠자리, 사슴, 개구리, 금섬, 잉어, 동전 등이 있다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.1005-1014
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• 2005

The purpose of this research was to present multi-criteria which were related to the heat island and find methods which decreased heat island affection on the ecological landscape planning. The results of this study were as follows. According to the analysis of surface temperatures, the first grade was the outside-city like a mountain and its temperature was less than $13.0^{\circ}C$. The fifth grade was the downtown, industrial area and its temperature was more than $26.9^{\circ}C$. Therefore, the result was seen the serious heat-island effect. The results of field survey, the closer to the first grade, the higher the value of green coverage. The closer to the fifth grade, the higher the value of impermeability surface, paving materials and colors. According to the correlation analysis, the temperature had high correlation with impermeability surface, paving materials and colors. According to the simple regression analysis, permeability surface, green coverage, topography, impermeability surface, paving materials f: colors, human impact related with surface temperatures. To plan for the decrease of Heat-Island Effect needed the extension of green space, decrease of impermeability surface. This research suggested data for urban green plan and decrease of heat island effect, but there was a limit to get the objective method for grade classification because of lacking in the basic data, the research of multi-criteria will be accomplished continuously.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.819-826
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• 2015

This study measured temperatures and albedos of urban surfaces for different colors and materials during summer, and calculated the energy budget over different urban surfaces to find out the thermal performance affecting the heat built-up. The study selected six surface colors and 13 materials common in urban landscape. Their surface temperatures (Ts) and albedos were measured at a given time interval in the daytime from June to August. Average Ts over summer season for asphalt-colored brick was $4.0^{\circ}C$ higher than that for light red-colored one and $9.7^{\circ}C$ higher than that for white-colored one. The Ts for artificial surface materials of asphalt paving, brown brick wall, and green concrete wall was $6.0^{\circ}C$ higher than that for natural and semi-natural ones of grass, grassy block, and planted concrete wall. There was the greatest difference of $16.3^{\circ}C$ at midafternoon in the Ts between asphalt paving and planted concrete wall. Average albedo over summer season of surface materials ranged from 0.08 for asphalt paving to 0.67 for white concrete wall. This difference in the albedo was associated with a maximum of $15.7^{\circ}C$ difference at midafternoon in the Ts. Increasing the albedo by 0.1 (from 0.22 to 0.32) reduced the Ts by about $1.3^{\circ}C$. Average storage heat at midday by natural and semi-natural surfaces of grass and grassy block was about 10% lower than that by artificial ones of asphalt, light-red brick, and concrete. Reflected radiation, which ultimately contributes to heating the urban atmosphere, was 3.7 times greater for light-red brick and concrete surfaces than for asphalt surface. Thus, surfaces with in-between tone and color are more effective than dark- or white-colored ones, and natural or semi-natural surfaces are much greater than artificial ones in improving the urban thermal environment. This study provides new information on correlation between Ts and air temperature, relationship between albedo and Ts, and the energy budget.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1997

This study aims to estimate the relative importance of quality management items through the defect analysis in the landscape construction process. The RIQMI are decided by the defect coefficient and it's cause weight. The defect items in the landscape construction process were classified by 56 items based on the classification form of '96 landscape architectural construction standard and the cause pattern were categorized 4 types as design, material, construction, and environment factors. To analyze the defect coefficient and the aucse weight by defect, the researcher surveyed the questionnaires on the 103 engineers and the 31 experts on the landscape architectural construction. The result of this study are as follows. The relative importance by facilities pattern turn out to be much higher construction, material fator than design. environment factor in wood facilities, paving facilities, and steel facilities, the RIQMI is very high in timber crack, timber vending, faulty of timber against decay, welding faulty of steel facilities in material factor, and timber crack, faulty of timber against decay, finish faulty of steel facilities, welding faulty of steel facilities in construction factor.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.23-28
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• 1999

This study measured transpiration rate of urban trees and albedos of urban surfaces, and examined the function of microclimate amelioration by urban greenspace. Transpiration rates of trees were highest in July and August of growing months. Transpiration per unit leaf area for the two months was 300-350 g/$m^2$/h for Platanus occidentalis, 210-270 g/$m^2$/h for Ginkgo biloba and Zelkova serrata, and 130-140 g/$m^2$/h for Acer palmatum. Surface albedos were 0.09 for asphalt paving and 0.68 for white wall, which reveals that light-colored surfaces are better than dark-colored ones to lower the heat build-up. Due to lack of evapotranspiration, concrete surfaces were, at t midafternoon maximum, 8$^{\circ}C$ hotter than grass ones, though the albedo of concrete paving was higher thant that of grass and trees. Summer air temperatures at places with 12% and 22% cover of woody plants were, respectively, 0.6$^{\circ}C$ and 1.4$^{\circ}C$ cooler than a place with no vegetation. To mitigate the impacts of urban heat islands, required are minimization of hard surfaces, light-coloring for building surfaces, and greenspace enlargement including more plantings.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2004

This study analyses influences on partial work rates under whole work rates on landscape constructions in Ulsan Grand Park. The schedule management is one of the factors that are very important to the process management of landscape construction. The time process of the whole construction is supposed to be affected by several kinds of work that organize the whole construction. First, this study divides the construction of Ulsan Grand Park into 10 kinds of works: earth work, rain and sanitary sewage water work, water-supplying work, planting work, paving work, water proofing work, fountain work, instituting work and temporary work. Then the time-process curves of all kinds of work are statistically compared to that of the whole construction. The trial methods of statistics are lineal regression, non-lineal regression, and principal analysis. In the result of the non-lineal regression, the rain and sanitary sewage water work, the water-supplying work and the earth work strongly affected the whole construction. The principal analysis results show that the whole construction is affected strongly by the water-supplying work, the rain and sanitary sewage water work and the earth work. However the lineal regression is shown to be senseless because of its high collinearity.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권2호통권121호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2007

This study aims to investigate the characteristics of Lee Kyo-Won's landscape architecture and add to the literature in this field. Also, the current status of and issues in landscape design will be dealt with through the lens of the individual landscape architect's worts. By adopting a critical analysis, this study will look closely into the background of his career and ideas regarding landscape design. The inherent nature of his coherent style in landscape design will be listed as follows: total design, design-build systems, experimentation with new kinds of plants and materials, and the pursuit of minimalism. His design domain covers various elements such as paving, street lamps, and clock towers, among others. He was often involved in managing outdoor sculpture and he also provided the total packaging of the design-build systems for most of his landscape projects. These are the main reasons why his landscape works can maintain their high end quality; through his craftsmanship, a fine quality of detail was achieved in his landscape design. This tell us the possible options that can be adopted such as landscape architectural design management or landscape architectural turn-key systems, which differ from the prevailing dual system between design and construction. However, his own particular system can not be replicated in ordinary situations because contemporary practices require us to coordinate the various stakeholders concerned in the decision-making process of the design. In general, it is fair to say that we can give him the credit for enhancing the status of landscape design as an independent, specialized field.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2007

This paper presents a landscape design for the meeting plaza around the "Myeonmok" subway station. The site is located at 120-1 Myeonmok 1-dong, Jnngrang-gu, Seoul, and its area is approximately $2,664.7m^2$. The goal of the design was to make an environmentally friendly meeting and rest place which was related to the subway station. To achieve this goal, concepts of history, tradition, sense of place, community, environmental friendliness, and function were developed. For history, stone sculpture and art tiles symbolizing the paleolithic area were introduced because the site is located near an archaeological site of paleolithic min. For tradition, considering that the site is a 'sailing ship' form in terms of Pungsu theory, a sculpture symbolizing a sailing ship and paving patterns symbolizing waves were introduced. For asense of place, a grass hill, a waterfall and a pond symbolizing an old meadow for horse pasture was introduced. In addition, a multi-purpose round plaza as a meeting place for local community and subway users was proposed. A zelkova grove symbolizing a village forest was proposed for a restand relaxation area. All areas were designed to be environmentally friendly and barrier-free. Concepts for a defensible space wereadapted for safety because the site was a crime-prone area.