• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.33-43
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• 2012

This study purposes to present the improvement on the index by analyzing concretely the certification and evaluation index and the actual certification acquisition focusing on the buildings acquiring the barrier-free (BF) certification. So, after analyzing the screening results of the buildings acquiring the BF certification and then grasping the general application level based on the above analysis, this study tries to present the improvement on the BF certification index by analyzing the detailed applications of the BF certification-acquired buildings and then grasping the problems on the evaluation index of the current certification system. It was analyzed that the items which applied the BF construction method generalized to the common buildings through the Act on the Promotion of Convenience in medium facilities and the items with higher distribution points were shown as high in terms of points and the acquired point level of items which influenced by the shape and condition of side and land to defile the appearance of buildings were low.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.43-51
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to examine the physical characteristics of the detached housing area in the housing site development district. The process of this study is to investigate the characteristics of the physical structure and the building use, then to analyze the relationship of physical structure and the building use in the aspect of the morphological characteristics. The case study focuses on the Chil-kok2, An-Siml in Taegu. The streets pattern is composited gird and loop type mixed. The block is composited by 2 lots in general. But the obscurity of organization and character of the streets, the size and shape of lots which is not fit to the building use. A whole residential characters appears high residential density ratio. so residential environment became worse. The improving level of residential environment and efficiency of land use in the detached housing area of the housing site development district, firstly the propriety of the physical structure must be considered about detached house characters, and the housing uses which fit to the physical structure are needed, and also for the concrete realization of this, the designation of district, the zoning of residential area, the guideline of the district design, and establishment of comprehensive master planning in detached housing area are needed in aspect of the housing policy. As the result of this study, it suggests several design guideline to improve housing site development.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2003

EOC (Electro-Optical Camera) of KOMPSAT-1 (Korea Multi-Purpose SATellite) has been producing land imageries of the world since January 2000. After image data are acquired by EOC, they are transmitted from satellite to ground via X-band RF signal. Then, EOC image data are retrieved and pass through radiometric and geometric corrections to generate standard products of EOC images. After radiometric correction on EOC image data, Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) compensation is applicable on EOC images with user's request for better image quality. MTF compensation is concerned with filtering EOC images to minimize the effect of degradations. For Image Receiving and Processing System (IRPE) at KOMPSAT Ground Station (KGS), Wiener filter is used for MTF compensation of EOC images. If the Pointing Spread Function (PSF) of EOC system is known, signal-to-noise (SNR) power spectra ratio is the only variable which determines the shape of Wiener filter In this paper, MTF compensation in IRPE at KGS is briefly addressed, and MTF compensated EOC images are generated using Wiener filters with various SNR power spectra ratios. MTF compensated EOC images are compared with original EOC 1R images to observe correlations between them. As a result, the effect of SNR power spectra ratio on MTF compensated EOC images is shown.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.19-26
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• 2012

The influence of operation time on electrokinetic restoration was investigated to remove salts from sulfate-accumulated greenhouse soil. Operation time is directly related to the process cost, therefore, we determined the relationship between operation time and removal of salts. Nitrate and sodium were removed almost completely within 2 weeks, chloride and calcium was removed in proportion to the operation time. Sulfate was accumulated at the center of anode and cathode. The soil electrical conductivity (EC), an indicator for soil salinity, showed similar shape with the residual sulfate after electrokinetic treatment. The soil EC was not changed after 2 weeks, however, the energy consumption increased with operation time. Based on the experimental results, most salts except sulfate were removed within 2 weeks, but sulfate was not removed during same time period. For the further removal of sulfate, longer operation time is in need.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1260-1265
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• 2009

Topographical features in South Korea is characterized that 70% of territory is composed of the mountains that can experience intense rainfall during storms in the summer and autumn. Efficient planning and management of landscape becomes utmost important since the cutting slopes in the mountain areas have been increased due to the limited construction areas for the roadway and residential development. This paper proposed an efficient way of slope management for the landslide risk by developing Web-GIS landslide risk management system. By deploying the Logistic Regression Analysis, the system could increase the prediction accuracy that the landslide disaster might be occurred. High resolution survey technology using GPS and Total-Station could extract the exact position and visual shape of the slopes that accurately describe the slope information. Through the proposed system, the prediction of damage areas from the landslide could also make it easy to efficiently identify the level of landslide risks via web-based user interface. It is expected that the proposed landslide risk management system can support the decision making framework during the identification, prediction, and management of the landslide risks.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.35-47
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• 2023

The transport system and its infrastructure are not only the fundamental means of sustaining the operation of contemporary cities, but also important drivers for the evolution of urban form. Rail transit, critical to improving the operational efficiency and optimizing the spatial layout in cities, is one of the critical conditions for high-density areas with limited land and concentrated resources to be compact to take on complex challenges. As a node element of infrastructure, rail transit entrances are the most important points connecting the rail transit system with urban space. Although influenced by urban form, their quantity and location also influence and shape the evolution of urban space form. Based on the development gap of high-density areas in various contexts, focusing on various rail transit stations in Asia, this research analyzes the correlation between rail transit entrances and peripheral high-density urban form in a delicate, dynamic and granular way. The research considers both horizontal and vertical perspectives, in combination with the urban evolution process in time series, to explore the development trend of high-density urban form in Asia from the aspect of correlation, and building a new foundation for research on urban form, suitable for different types of cities.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.30-38
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• 2023

Building Information Models(BIM) provides rich geometric and attribute information throughout the entire life cycle of a building and infrastructure object, while Geographic Information System(GIS) enables the detail analysis of urban issues based on the geo-spatial information in support of decision-making. The Integration of BIM and GIS data makes it possible to create a digital twin of the land in order to effectively manage smart cities. In the perspective of integrating BIM data into GIS systems, this study performs literature reviews on georeferencing techniques and identifies limitations in carrying out the georeferencing process using attribute information associated with absolute coordinates probided by Industry Foundation Classes(IFC) as a BIM standard. To address these limitations, an automated georeferencing process is proposed as a pilot study to position a IFC model with the Local Coordinate System(LCS) in GIS environments with the Reference Coordinate System(RCS). An evaluation of the proposed approach over a BIM model demonstrates that the proposed method is expected to be a great help for automatically georeferencing complex BIM models in a GIS environment, and thus provides benefits for efficient and reliable BIM and GIS integration in practice.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.289-301
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• 2023

Forests within watersheds are essential in maintaining ecosystems and are the central infrastructure for constructing an ecological network system. However, due to indiscriminate development projects carried out over past decades, forest fragmentation and land use changes have accelerated, and their original functions have been lost. Since a forest's structural pattern directly impacts ecological processes and functions in understanding forest ecosystems, identifying and analyzing change patterns is essential. Therefore, this study analyzed structural changes in the forest landscape according to the time-series land cover changes using the FRAGSTATS model for the dam watershed of the Geum River upstream. Land cover changes in the dam watershed of the Geum River upstream through land cover change detection showed an increase of 33.12 square kilometers (0.62%) of forests and 67.26 square kilometers (1.26%) of urbanized dry areas and a decrease of 148.25 square kilometers (2.79%) in agricultural areas from the 1980s to the 2010s. The results of no-sampling forest landscape analysis within the watershed indicated landscape percentage (PLAND), area-weighted proximity index (CONTIG_AM), average central area (CORE_MN), and adjacency index (PLADJ) increased, and the number of patches (NP), landscape shape index (LSI), and cohesion index (COHESION) decreased. Identification of structural change patterns through a moving window analysis showed the forest landscape in Sangju City, Gyeongsangbuk Province, Boeun County in Chungcheongbuk Province, and Jinan Province in Jeollabuk Province was relatively well preserved, but fragmentation was ongoing at the border between Okcheon County in Chungcheongbuk Province, Yeongdong and Geumsan Counties in Chungcheongnam Province, and the forest landscape in areas adjacent to Muju and Jangsu Counties in Jeollabuk Province. The results indicate that it is necessary to establish afforestation projects for fragmented areas when preparing a future regional forest management strategy. This study derived areas where fragmentation of forest landscapes is expected and the results may be used as basic data for assessing the health of watershed forests and establishing management plans.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.122-129
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• 2016

It is important to know the sensitivity of shrubs to de-icing salt in order to set guidelines for ecological tolerance of evergreen shrubs along roads. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of de-icing salt, calcium chloride($CaCl_2$), on the growth and physiological characteristics of three evergreen shrubs, Euonymus japonica, Rhododendron indicum, and Buxus koreana. Plants were exposed to calcium chloride at different concentrations(weight percentage, 0% as control, 1.0%, 3.0%, and 5.0%) through amended soil maintained from the start of the experiment in October of 2014 until termination in March of 2015. The survival rate, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf shape index, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight, dry matter, root/top ratio, chlorophyll contents, fluorescence, photosynthesis, stomatal conduct, and transpiration rate were recorded. Elevated calcium chloride concentrations decreased plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf shape index, fresh weight, dry weight, dry matter, and R/T ratio of the three shrubs. Root growth responded more sensitively than the top growth to salinity. However Euonymus japonica was more tolerant to salt stress than Rhododendron indicum and Buxus koreana. Their growths were totally inhibited by $CaCl_2$ above 3.0% and 1.0% concentrations, respectively. Chlorophyll content, fluorescence, photosynthesis, stomatal conduct, and transpiration rate of both Rhododendron indicum and Buxus koreana were reduced sharply, while Euonymus japonica exhibited mild reductions compared to plants grown in control when increasing calcium chloride was used. Especially, the transpiration rates of Rhododendron indicum, and the photosynthesis and stomatal conduct of Buxus koreana were suppressed as the concentrations of calcium chloride increased. Therefore, Euonymus japonica should be considered as an ecologically tolerant species with proven tolerance to de-icing salt.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.111-123
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• 2011

This study aims to present the basic materials, which lead us to preserve the Korea Rice Terrace as scenic sites resources and study it continuously, through researching about the present status and the preservation method of the Rice Terrace in Korea, China and Japan. The results of this study are as follows. First, The Rice Terrace has a traditional agricultural technique which minimizing the damage of the scenic view while cultivating the slope. And also, it has the value of one of the Korea unique traditional scenic views. However, The no cultivation land or disappearing desert land of rice terrace were increasing by the disadvantage of operation in land cultivation. Therefore, The Government must need preparing the base of scene resources excavation by executed the established of Korea Rice Terrace Database for preserving of Korea traditional scene. however it is getting to disappearance. And also, The High valued of Rice Terrace by cultural and scenic view which is must managed by designation of scenic sites or monument. Second, The internal and external reference book researched and analyzed results are as followings for understanding about Korea Rice Terrace feature. First of all, The Rice Terrace's dictionary meaning is just difference by each nations. However, Generally speaking that It means the terraced land by cultivated of sloped land. The Rice Terrace has cross relation with mountain valley and piedmont slope cultivation in location of condition. It occurred era is before approximately estimated from 3000 of years until 6000 of years. It can divide two type by topography shape those are slope and valley type. However, The natural element of forest has very big position in this part. But, The Rice Terrace is just managed and designated by the scenic sites with the Cultural Properties Protection Law. It must needs more binding force and effectiveness for the Rice Terrace scenic view plan establishment by scenic laws and farming and fishing village laws etc. I think that it must need the Rice Terrace related law establishment as soon as possible for efficient preservation and management of the Rice Terrace. Third, The Rice Terrace were researched and analyzed results are as followings those were executed at the Korea, China and Japan. The Korea and Japan have good Rice Terrace Characteristic. And also, The high valued scenic sites area were good managed by the Cultural Properties Protection Law as well as the superior scenic valued Rice Terrace in China. Those are also managed by designated scenic sites for protection and preservation positively. Those were managed by each autonomous district management Department. The each nation's related laws of Rice Terrace protection were just little bit different. However, The basic purpose is same. for example, it based on superior scenic view preservation and protection. Especially, The Japan's Cultural Properties Law and Scenic law linkage, and China Autonomous district legislation and effectiveness. The Korea Government must need above elements for Korea Rice Terrace culture and scenic view preservation. Fourth, We need inducing the owner system and the policy of Rice Terrace preservation promotion association for efficient preservation of Rice Terrace in japan. The owner system in japan gives the owner of the land a permission to rent the land to Rice Terrace preservation promotion association and the local government. In this system the village would be revitalized by commons in the way of the management of the terraces, beautifying the area around the terraces and etc. And also, Making the each village management operating system for Rice Terrace management through educating civilization. The civilization could receive quick help from a consultative body comprised of experts such as representatives of Cultural Heritage Administration and professors. And it is in a hurry to solve the problem of revitalization of the region by exchange between cities and the village.