• Journal of architectural history
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.91-100
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• 2014

There are lots of and kinds of stone pagoda and stone Buddhas at Unjusa Temple in Hwasun, Jeonnam, which is thus called as Cheontap(千塔) or Cheonbul.(千佛) Several archaeological excavations have been conducted in Unjusa though, the foundation purpose or background motivation is yet wrapped in mystery. Circular shape is representative pagoda of Unjusa made of round frame or spherical roof but circular stone pagoda is unusual that there is no similar example found in India or China as well as in Korea. Located in the symbolic center, Circular stone pagoda is a key to understand Unjusa. Yundeung(輪燈) is made of stone for circular stone pagoda and there are craft lamp and large lamp. The large lamp, for the palace courtyard on the occasion of Palgwanhoe,(八關會) consists of discs and light on each disc. Outdoor lamp of circular stone pagoda made of stone for permanent preservation purpose. Unjusa is a very special temple with stone-yundeung for circular stone pagoda. In this study, a circular stone pagoda that is the source of yundeung said. Unjusa circular stone pagoda next to the title of 'yundeung pagoda' and proposes to call.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.42-50
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• 2002

In this paper, we have designed and implemented lamp control system in underground parking place using WWW. The proposed system consists of lamp control system which is connected by RS-485 communication bus and monitoring system (WebPL) which can provide web interface using the web server. The lamp control system is controlled through a user command within the monitoring system (WebPL), senses moving object and turns lamps in underground parking place on or off. The monitoring system displays the status values of on or off received from lamp control system on the web browser and can real-timely control lamps in underground parking place on the web browser. 

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.48 no.7
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• pp.376-383
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• 1999

The piezoelectric transformer (PT) is an electro-mechanical device that transfers electrical energy through a mechanical vibration. In this paper, a PT operating in the contour vibration mode is introduced for an application of fluorescent lamp ballast. Utilizing its inherent characteristics of the LC resonator and a high voltage gain to ignite the lamp in light load condition, an investigation of a power piezoelectric transformer as a potential component for a fluorescent lamp ballast is discussed. PT is easy to be produced in mass and reduces the cost of the ballast. The modified equivalent circuit model of the PT considering the operating current level is derived to design the fluorescent lamp ballast. This model describes the voltage gain of the PT in wide load variations and various input current levels. The experimental and simulation results are provided to verify theoretical analysis. The power capacity of the currently developed PT is relatively low (15W), but it can be increased by adopting a multi-layer structure and is currently under investigation. It is also possible to parallel the PT for higher power processing.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.1078-1084
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• 2011

In this paper, a temperature control for LED(Light Emitting Diode) lamp using a cooling fan is studied. An efficient temperature control scheme for the LED lamp using the fan wind at the lowest sound noise is studied. Also, for minimization study of sound noise and temperature control of an LED lamp, a sequential control algorithm using the cooling fan at the lowest sound noise is presented. For the study, after measurement of the minimum sound noise of the fan and related temperature of the LED lamp through tests, experiments on temperature control of the LED lamp using the fan was performed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.65-69
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• 2009

Generally Lighting system consists of lamp and luminaire. When a fluorescent lamp is installed in luminaire, power and light output is changed by ambient temperature. Particularly electrodeless lamp depends on the changes that are mercury pressure with amalgam temperature and magnetic properties with ferrite temperature. It has finally influence on optical efficiency. In this study, the temperature change of ferrite and cold spot, vessel are measured at transitional state and then same characteristics are measured with increase of ambient temperature. At transitional state, luminous flux is related to temperature change of cold spot that compare with behavior of mercury pressure and light output. At increase of ambient temperature, we analyzed change that efficiency and electrical, optical characteristics of electrodeless lamp are related to ferrite core and cold spot temperature.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 2008

This paper presents a new method for designing a ballast that can provide dimming control of an electrodeless fluorescent lamp. Frequency control of lamp power is inappropriate because the lamp coefficients such as equivalent impedance, coupling coefficient of the transformer, and plasma resistance are a function of lamp power. In this paper, the dimming is achieved by controlling the DC_Link voltage in relation to the lamp power. The DC_Link voltage is controlled by a buck converter. Simulation and experimental results of the proposed design method are presented in order to validate the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.996-1001
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• 2010

Recently, the demand of ceramic metal halide lamp has been expanded. Therefore, the lamp with high efficiency and long lifetime are increasing and the evaluation of reliability is needed. In this paper, the degradation phenomena of ceramic metal halide lamp was studied. The lamp was tested for 3000 on/off cycles with each cycle having a duration of 20 minutes on and 20 minutes off based on the accelerated aging experiment based on "Reliability Standards RS C 0085". As result, the corrosion of arc tube and leak was appeared from reaction between inner wall of PCA and chemical elements, and distortion of electrode was resulted from difference of thermal expansion between arc tube of PCA and electrode. Also, the efficiency of lamp was decreased by the change of inner pressure, operation temperature, and driving voltage from wall blackening.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.8-21
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• 2015

Technology for electric lighting has been evolving from Incandescent Lamp(IL) through Fluorescent Lamp(FL) and currently to Solid State Lighting(SSL) such as LED for more than 130 years of time. However, it took more than 100 years until the transition from IL to FL across overall society. That is because the transition is the Socio-Technical Transition(STT) which involves various social elements. This study investigated and analyzed the theories regarding STT, and applied the Multi-Level Perspective(MLP) theory to the case of electric lighting. A qualitative contents analysis was used with secondary data as research method, and the analyzed result was visualized based on the frame of MLP theory. The STT of electric lighting from IL to FL took place as the order of Technical Niche, Socio-Technical Regime and Landscape. Specifically, in Technical Niche level: Establishing Market Niche, Price-Performance Improvement, Learning Process and Support of Powerful Group took place. In Socio-Technical Regime level: Changes in Social Network, Changes in Technology and Changes in Rules. In Landscape level: Macro-Political Development, Socio-Economic Trends and Macro-Economic Trends took place in consecutive order.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.33-44
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• 2011

The inorganic powder EL lamp was made by screen printing technique with a phosphor ink and a dielectric ink. The thickness of a phosphor ink layer and a dielectric ink layer is $35{\mu}m$ and $54{\mu}m$ respectively. A increasing ratio of the luminance of inorganic powder EL lamp to be a 1P1PD-phosphor ink layer in which increased voltage at constant frequency is higher 12% than when increased frequency at constant voltage. It is higher 57% than when increased frequency at constant voltage that the rate of increase of the luminance of inorganic powder EL lamp to be a 2PD-phosphor ink layer in which increased voltage at constant frequency. Finally, when increased voltage at constant frequency, a increasing ratio of the luminance of inorganic powder EL lamp to be a 2PD-phosphor ink layer is higher about 40% than that to be a 1P1PD-phosphor ink layer.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.321-327
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• 2015

Nocardia salmonicida is one of the main pathogens of fish nocardiosis. The purpose of this study was to build a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for the rapid and sensitive detection of N. salmonicida. A set of four primers were designed from the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region of N. salmonicida, and conditions for LAMP were optimized as incubating all the reagents for 60 min at 64℃. LAMP products were judged with agar gel electrophoresis as well as with the naked eye after the addition of SYBR Green I. Results showed the sensitivity of the LAMP assay was 1.68 × 10³ CFU/ml (16.8 CFU per reaction) and 10-fold higher than that of PCR. The LAMP method was also effectively applied to detect N. salmonicida in diseased fish samples, and it may potentially facilitate the surveillance and early diagnosis of fish nocardiosis.