• 한국의료질향상학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.244-261
• /
• 2000

Background : In order to cope with changes in the management environment at hospitals, increased interests are drawn in patient foodservice system on Continuous Quality Improvement Activity as the method of approaching a quality food service and effective management. Thus, as a part of this activity, this study was conducted to evaluate job flow improvement that was already performed and the results of that process at the dietetic department of a university hospital, focusing on improving management. Method : On February 15 of 1998. the dietetic department formed a job flow-improvement to decide on the priority of job flow improvement, and prepared specific action strategies and schedule of the priority: after a 5 month process period, job improvement achieved on June 15. 1998. Also, economic achievement of the task was evaluated through labor productivity analysis and cost-benefit analysis. Results : The patient food service system which was managed decentralized at the present hospital was centralized, some steps of the food service process were integrated, and quality of patient food was improved. Also, as a solution of the problems expected when conducting job flow improvement was made on food service equipments and utensils. The result of evaluating the job flow improvement that labor productivity improved by 18.2% compared to before the improvement and the result of the analysis of cost-benefit showed that Benefit-Cost (B/C) ratio was 2.22. showing financial merit on the investment. Conclusions : Continuous Quality Improvement Activity needs to be initiated and conducted in the future in various areas of hospital foodservice system in order to actively adopt to ever changing hospital management environment. In order to achieve this goal, many researches and more efforts need to be put in by people in charge of hospital food service management, and interests and support are needed from hospital policy makers.

• 노동경제논집
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.1-26
• /
• 2010

기존의 직업탐색이론을 한 단계 진전시킬 수 있는 '엄친아효과' 개념을 도입하고 그것이 청년층 미취업탈출확률에 미치는 효과를 부모님의 학력, 임시 일용직 비율, 대 중소기업 임금격차 비율 등의 대리변수들로 측정하고자 하였다. 추정 결과, 최근으로 올수록 소위 '엄친아효과'는 점차 강화되고 있다는 사실이 확인된다. 정책 함의로는 청년층의 구직기간 축소와 실업탈출 확률의 제고라는 측면에서 노동시장에서 임금이나 일자리 질의 격차가 계속 확대되는 것은 결코 바람직하지 못하며, 또한 청년층 실업문제가 단순히 노동시장 정보의 정확한 제공만으로는 쉽게 해결되기 어렵다는 점 등을 도출해 낼 수 있다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.49-70
• /
• 2004

This study analyzes the effect of separation of dispensary from medical practice on hospital management performance. The results are as follow. The earning ratios of large size hospitals become deteriorated significantly after the separation of dispensary. The growth ratios of revenues from inpatient were unchanged, but the growth ratios of revenues from outpatient of large and middle size hospitals were decreased significantly. Hospitals can't sell the medicines to the outpatient after the separation of dispensary, but they can do to the outpatient. The labor cost ratios of small and large size hospitals are increased significantly after the separation of dispensary. There are two reasons for increase of labor cost ratios. One is the decrease of material cost ratio. The other is the increase of doctor's salary. The material cost ratios of every size hospital are decreased significantly after the separation of dispensary. Because medicines costs of outpatients are decreased. The labor cost and doctors' salary per patient of middle and large size hospitals are increased significantly after the separation of dispensary. And average treatment fees per day of inpatients of middle and large size hospitals are increased significantly after the separation of dispensary. But those of outpatients are decreased significantly. Average numbers of outpatients per bed of small and large hospitals are decreased significantly after the separation of dispensary. And average numbers of inpatients per bed of large hospitals are decreased significantly. In summary, as a consequence of separation of dispensary from medical practice, management performances of large size hospitals become deteriorated significantly.

• 대한치과기공학회지
• /
• 제42권2호
• /
• pp.149-162
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct a cost accounting of implant prosthesis according to the fabrication activities. Methods: In this study, the cost price of implant prosthesis fabrication activities was calculated by the bottom-up costing approach for material and labor cost and the top-down costing approach for expenses and other. Results: The total cost price was estimated to 220,000 ~ 310,000 won per one implant prosthesis. By product, the screw type was estimated to 220,000 ~ 230,000 won, and when the stent and tray were included, it was 260,000 ~ 270,000 won, which increased about 40,000 won. And, the cement type with more material and labor time was estimated to 250,000 ~ 260,000 won, and when the stent and tray were included, it was about 300,000 won. Conclusion: In terms of the fabrication cost ratio by items, it was shown that material cost and labor cost accounted for about 40% and 30% of the total cost structure for resin case, respectively, which was the opposite for porcelain. It was shown that expenses and general administrative expenses accounted for about 15%, and profits were about 11% ~ 14% in both cases.

• 노동경제논집
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.109-137
• /
• 2007

우리 노동시장의 큰 특징 중 하나는 고용의 주축이 서비스업으로 상당히 이전되었음에도 시간제근로가 차지하는 비중이 상당히 낮다는 것이다. 이러한 이유는, 시간제근로가 갖는 장점에도 불구하고, 낮은 시간당 임금, 저조한 사회보험을 포함한 부가급부, 그리고 미비한 고용안정성이라는 부정적 특성에 기인하고 있다. 본 연구는 두 가지 질문-누가 시간제 일자리를 선택하는가와 시간제 일자리는 만족스러운가-에 대한 답을 구함으로써 시간제근로가 괜찮은 일자리로서 전일제근로의 대안이 될 수 있는지를 분석하고자 한다. 한국노동패널조사 8차년도 자료 중 16~64세 임금근로자 3,971명을 이용한 분석은, 예상대로 청년층, 기혼 여성, 고령층에 집중되어 있다는 기존 연구결과를 지지하고 있다. 또한, 여성에서는 시간제근로 선택의 자발성이 만족도에 통계적으로 유의한 긍정적 효과를 보이는 반면, 남성에서는 그렇지 않다는 결과를 보여주고 있다. 이러한 결과는 시간제근로가 자발적으로 이를 선택하는 경우 전일제근로에 대한 괜찮은 대안이 될 수 있다는 점을 보여주는 것이다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제63권2호
• /
• pp.48-51
• /
• 2020

Background: The etiopathogenesis of late preterm (LPT) birth is undetermined. Placental histopathology, which reflects an adverse intrauterine environment and is reportedly associated with preterm labor and neonatal morbidities, has not been studied in LPT infants. Purpose: We investigated placental pathological lesion as markers of an adverse intrauterine environment during LPT labor. Methods: This retrospective case-control study compared placental histopathological and clinical variables between LPT and term neonates. Placental variables included chorioamnionitis, funisitis, hemorrhage, abruption, infarction, calcification, and syncytial knots. Maternal variables included age, substance abuse, pregnancyassociated diabetes mellitus and hypertension, duration of rupture of membrane, antibiotic use, and magnesium sulfate, whereas, those of neonates included gestational age, birth weight, race, sex, and Apgar scores. Standard statistical proedures were applied to analyze the data. Results: Chorioamnionitis (50% vs. 17.8%, P<0.001) and funisitis (20% vs. 4.4%, P=0.002) were more common in term infants. Placental infarction rate was insignificantly higher in LPT infants (25.6% vs. 14.3%, P=0.08). The mothers in the LPT group were older (30.4 years vs. 28.1 years, P=0.05; odds ratio [OR], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.998-1.12, P=0.056) and more often suffered from hypertension (28.9 vs. 12.9 %, P=0.02), and received magnesium sulfate (48.9 vs. 20%, P< 0.001; OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.12-7.29, P<0.05). Duration of rupture of membrane was higher in term infants (13.6 hours vs. 9.1 hours, P<0.001). Chorioamnionitis (OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.13-0.79; P<0.05) was associated with a lower risk of LPT delivery. Conclusion: Placental infection is not a risk factor for LPT births. There is a nonsignificant predominance of vascular anomalies in LPT placentas. Higher maternal age, magnesium sulfate therapy, and maternal hypertension are clinical risk factors for LPT labor.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제18권3호통권39호
• /
• pp.23-37
• /
• 1990

The purpose of this study was to suggest, an ameliorated, 'standard of estimated unit manpower & material' in the Landscape Planting Work. To achieve this goal of this study, following process was performed to reach more advanced results. First, relevant domestic & foreign references were gathered & analyzed with a viewpoint of the system & contents within, Second, most similar foreign country‘s relevant 10 forms & actual site were surveyed, Third, actual site data were collected from the 17 selected landscape Planting sites Fourth, the collected data from reference study & actual site survey were analyzed and calculated. And Finally, analyzed data were reorganized & rearranged in good order with 3 principles to produce more ameliorated 'Standard of estimated unit manpower & material' in the landscape Planting Work. The suggested main results of this study include, 1. Reorganization of current system to transplanting(includes excavation & root ball wrapping), planting(includes tree & shrub), turfing & maintenance 2. Deletion of the Range of 'account of labor' & simultaneous distribution of 'account of labor' with a proposed regular ratio 3. Adjustment of the range of the plant's size 4. Amelioration of the level of 'Account of labor' 5. New establishment in maintenance items as Watering, Fertilizing & spraying chemicals on turf area. 6. Readjustment & new establishment of the backfill volume. 7. Actualization, readjustment & new establishment of the transportation amount.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.75-83
• /
• 2008

2003년 이전 국내 건설 국제경쟁력 비교연구에서 우리나라 건설 생산성이 미국, 영국, 일본 등의 선진국에 비하여 낮은 것으로 보고되었다. 그러나 2003년 이후 우리나라 해외 건설수주 물량도 매년 크게 늘고 있으며, Petronas Tower, Burj Dubai와 같은 세계 최고층 건물을 수주, 건설하는 등 양적 질적으로 괄목할 만한 발전을 이루고 있다. 이 시점에서 우리나라 건설생산성의 현주소를 재평가할 필요성이 있다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라와 해외선진국과의 건설생산성을 비교하여 우리나라 건설산업의 국제경쟁력을 평가하고자 한다. 국내 통계자료와 외국 통계자료를 바탕으로 노동자 1인 기준 단위시간동안 생산하는 총 공사액을 분석하여 각 국의 건설노동생산성을 측정하고 한국과 일본의 완공된 건축물을 대상으로 층당 소요되는 공사일수와 건축물의 지하층비율을 분석하여 시공경쟁력을 평가하였다. 분석결과, 우리나라의 건설생산성이 아직 건설 선진국인 미국이나 일본보다는 뒤쳐져 있으나 영국보다는 앞서는 것으로 분석되었다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.211-214
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 액체에 현탁한 화분을 이용한 인공수분방법이 농촌의 노동력 절감과 '후지' 사과의 결실 및 과실품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 액체현탁화분의 화분발아율은 6시간 경과시까지 fructose 20% 용액에서 화분발아율을 20%수준으로 다른 용액에 비하여 낮은 발아율 유지하여 화분을 안정적으로 보존해 주었다. 인공수분 처리에 따른 정화아의 중심과 착과는 화분현탁액 65 g (/20 L), 무처리, 면봉 및 인공수분기(러브터치) 처리구들이 정상적인 결실을 보였다. 수확시 과실품질은 과형지수, 경도, 가용성 고형물 함량 및 산함량은 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 노동력절감은 액체현탁화분 처리가 면봉처리에 비하여 3.56배 감소한 결과를 보여 경영비를 줄이는데 우수한 효과를 보였다.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.153-165
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 사회복지 근로사업장의 후원사업 성과에 마케팅 요소가 어떤 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 그 결과 첫째, 조사대상 사업장의 마케팅활동에 대한 일반적 현황을 살펴보면 상품, 가격, 촉진, 기존후원자 관리활동은 평균 이상의 수준으로 나타났으나 사업장의 내적 모금환경과 유통 활동은 낮게 나타났다. 둘째, 마케팅 활동에 따른 후원사업의 성과 비교는 상품, 가격, 촉진, 기존 후원자 관리 활동이 마케팅 활동 정도에 따라 전반적으로 유의미한 차이를 나타냈다. 셋째, 후원성과에 영향을 미치는 마케팅 활동 요소는 후원자수에서는 촉진활동이, 후원금액과 세입대비 후원금액비율에서는 촉진, 가격활동이 영향을 미치는 요소로 나타났다. 이렇기 때문에 사회복지 근로사업장에서는 후원개발을 위한 마케팅 전략은 기관 전체가 몰입할 수 있는 다양한 촉진활동의 개발과 가격협상 능력을 높이고 전반적인 마케팅 활동 수준을 높일 수 있는 방안이 마련되어야 할 것이다.