• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.188-202
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• 2001

This study was designed to investigate the effect of one-to-one labor support on labor pain, labor stress response, childbirth experience and neonatal status for primipara by a quasi experiment (nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design), from April 30, 1999 to February 20, 2000. The subjects of this experiment consisted of eighty two primipara with single gestation, full term, uncomplicated pregnancies. Forty one were in the experimental group and forty one in the control group. Their mean age was 25.95 years, their mean gestation period was 39.9 weeks. A caring package of one-to-one labor support had three components. Physical support consisted of massage, back pressure, touch. Emotional support was provided by a continuous nurse's presence, acceptance and encouragement. Informational support involved teaching breathing skills, relaxation skills and knowledge about the labor process. Data assessed labor pain, pulse rate and blood pressure to measure labor stress response. Also, in measuring the value of labor stress response, plasma epinephrine, plasma norepinephrine and serum cortisol were measured. In the 24 hours after birth, the data for the postpartum mother's childbirth experiences was collected. Umbilical cord arterial blood pH, one minute and five minute Apgar score were measured after birth. Data was analyzed by t-test, $x^2$-test, repeated measures ANOVA, ANCOVA with SAS Program. The results were as follows; 1. Labor pain was significantly low in the experimental group(P=.016). 2. No significant group effects were found, but significant time effects were found for plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine, serum cortisol, pulse rate and blood pressure. 3. The childbirth experience of the experimental group was significantly more positive than the control group (P = .005). 4. The umbilical cord arterial blood pH of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group(P=.014). There was no significant difference between the two groups in neonatal one minute and five minute Apgar scores. In conclusion, these findings indicate that one-to-one labor support could be effective in decreasing labor pain, and increasing positive childbirth experiences, also increasing the neonatal umbilical cord arterial blood pH for primipara. So, one-to-one labor support could be applied as an effective nursing treatment for primipara.

• 한국인구학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.47-65
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• 1985

Three stages of population growth during last forty years affected differently to the labor force and employment in Korea. The first impact of rapid population growth on the labor force occured after the end of World War II. Sudden growth of population due to repartriation and refugees directly increased the labor force. Deteriorating labor market conditions were caused not only by the explosive labor supply but also by the shortage of employment opportunities due to a lack of productive facilities. This severe excess supply of labor continued until the early 196Os. Population growth in the second stage which caused by high fertility during the post Korean War baby boom period induced an eventual increase in the labor supply with time lag of more than fifteen years. Younger persons born during baby boom period were flooded the labor market. Fortunately, job opportunities were expanded more rapidly than the labor force supply because high rates of economic growth and speedy industrialization were continued until the later half of 1970s. Unemployment, therefore, decreased dramatically during this period. The effect of third stage which is characterized as mitigated population growth due to birth control has appeared in the labor market since late 1970s. The growth rate of labor force has been going down and the proportion of younger workers was also been decreasing. From the early 1980s, furthermore, partial disharmony between supply of and demand for the younger workers is closing up. Less educated younger workers who works at low wage are lacking while more educated youngers who want to work at high wage are being excess, because a lot of younger prefer higher education rather than productive job. It is expected that the structural inharmony will be diversified in the future in Korea. The labor force will be changed to middleaged, highly educated and womenized till year 2000, and, after then, to old-aged. On the demand side, industries and jobs will transferred to be labor-saving and soft. These structural changes of labor supply and demand will not matching in time. Aggregate supply of labor force will be steadily increasing more rapidly than aggregate demand for labor until year 2000, and this trend will continue to the first one or two decades of the 2lth century because the persons born dufing the baby boom pariod are being eligible couples in recent. Therefore, conclusion is that appropriate manpower development policy as well as sustained birth control policy is necessary for harmonizing the structural unbalance and the disequilibrium between aggregate labor supply and demand in the future.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.119-133
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• 2021

텍스트마이닝을 이용하여 연구동향을 파악하는 연구가 많은 분야에서 이루어지고 있으나 감정노동 분야에서는 텍스트마이닝을 사용하여 연구 동향을 파악한 연구는 없는 실정이다. 본 연구는 텍스트마이닝을 이용하여 2004년부터 2019년까지 한국연구재단의 한국학술지인용색인(KCI)에서 '감정 노동'이라는 주제어가 포함된 1,465건의 검색된 논문을 심층적으로 분석하여 감정노동 연구 동향을 파악하고자 한다. LDA분석으로 주제들을 추출하고, 토픽의 비중과 유사도를 확인하기 위해 IDM분석을 실시하였다. 이를 통해 유사도가 높은 토픽들의 의미유용성을 고려하여 토픽의 통합분석을 실시하였다. 연구토픽은 11개로 구분되며, 감정노동의 스트레스(12.2%), 감정노동과 사회적 지지(12.0%), 고객서비스 종사자의 감정노동(10.9%), 감정노동과 회복탄력성(10.2%), 감정노동전략(9.2%), 콜센터상담사의 감정노동(9.1%), 감정노동의 결과(9.0%), 감정노동과 직무소진(7.9%), 감성지능(7.1%), 예비돌봄서비스 종사자의 감정노동(6.6%), 감정노동과 조직문화(5.9%) 순의 비중으로 나타났다. 토픽모델링과 트렌드분석을 통하여 감정노동의 연구동향과 학문적 추이를 분석함으로써 감정노동 연구의 나아갈 방향을 제시하고자 하며 감정노동에 관한 실무적인 전략을 수립할 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2017

BIM is effective to improve the labor productivity of construction participants. From this point of view, it is important to analyze the outcome related with BIM Labor which covers most of the BIM investment costs. This research focuses on BIM RFI which is one of the major task of the BIM labor and analyze the outcomes. In addition, this research was quantitatively analyzed by the standby time and related cost caused by BIM labor, which affect the results of the project participants. To this end, analytical standby queue model was utilized to analyze the labor focusing on micros TASK. 11 projects were selected to analyze the results of BIM labor and RFI that the project participants requested to the BIM labor was collected. Through this, it collected variables for analyzing results, and Finally, we pulled out 4 projects for analysis. In this study, the basic results analysis of RFI processing of the BIM labor, the probabilistic analysis of BIM labor service status, and the economic analysis of BIM labor optimal inputs were performed by using the research model presented. The results of this study can be utilized to formulate the optimal strategy for BIM labor inputs(e.g. number of employees, level, time point, etc.) of the construction phase. Moreover, it can contribute to ensuring the credibility of the BIM ROI results by presenting the cost of BIM services in BIM ROI analysis and the standby cost of project participants.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.187-207
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• 2011

As the IT labor captures an increasing proportion of the total labor, it is important to analyze the contribution of IT labor to national economy. Although there has been abundant research about the effect of IT investments, it is difficult to find a research about IT labor's economic contribution. Most prior studies on the effect of IT investment have focused on the effect of IT capital investment. This paper empirically explores whether and how IT labor makes contribution to Korean economy. And also this paper examines the economic contribution of IT experts and semi-experts in Korean industries over the 2000 to 2007 period, using production function framework and panel data set for 24 industries constructed from 'Input-Output table' and 'Research on Wage Structure Survey'. Based on the full sample of 120 observations, this study finds that a 1% increase in IT labor wage is associated with 0.042190% increase in added value. In the case of non-manufacturing industries on the sample of 50 observations, this study finds that a 1% increase in IT labor wage is associated with 0.074908% increase in added value. And in the case of IT experts (separated from IT semi-experts), this study finds that a 1% increase in IT expert's labor wage is associated with 0.013957% increase in added value of all industry. This study provides implication for policy makers and managers. The results suggests that non-manufacturing industries can capture further benefits by increasing investment in IT labor. Building on this study, future research should examine the impact of IT labor at a more detailed industry level and the firm level.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.131-150
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• 2013

Subject : The Imminent Labor Pulse(臨産 離經脈, extra-meridian pulse approaching labor) is one of many practical clinical knowledges, unique to Traditional Korean(Eastern) Medicine. Objective : This research explores the origin and change of perception on the subject throughout history, with objective to sort out practical knowledge applicable in the clinic of today. Also, it draws clinical meaning of pulse diagnosis according to the physiological theories, and suggests directions for future clinical researches. Method : First, the Imminent Labor Pulse was examined based on major publications such as the "Nanjing", "Maijing" and theories of major doctors. Second, this previous study was examined through clinical observation research. Third, further research was carried out on pulse theory according to the Traditional Medical theories. Fourth, their clinical practicality and points of further research were sorted out. These points need to be examined through additional clinical research. Conclusion : The following conclusions could be drawn from study of the Imminent Labor Pulse. From the Imminent Labor Pulse which indicated the beginning of the first period of labor in the "Maijing", it developed into trying to grasp the beginning of the second period of labor which is the actual time of labor, through "Zhubingyuanhoulun" and "Shizaizhifang". By Xueji, another pulse that could be felt on the middle finger of the mother had been discovered. The middle finger is where the Pericardium Meridian flows. The child's connection to the uterus becomes disconnected on the first period, but that with the Pericardium meridian which provides blood meridian to the Taichongmai of the child continues throughout labor until the umbilicus chord is cut. Therefore, this middle finger pulse could serve as showing the heart condition of the mother and child during labor. The time of its appearance and disappearance, and their correlation with the child's heartbeat need to be clinically examined.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2015

노사관계는 향후 융복합 글로벌환경에서 기업들이 지속적인 경쟁력을 확보하기 위해 반드시 풀고 가야할 핵심과제로 부각되고 있다. 본 연구는 융복합형 노사갈등이 이직의도에 미치는 영향에 있어서 노조참여행동의 매개효과 검증해 보고자 하는데 연구의 목적을 두었다. 자료의 수집은 대전시, 충청남 북도에 위치한 중소기업의 종업원 491명을 대상으로 조사하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 노사갈등이 노조참여행동에 정(+)에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 노조참여행동은 이직의도에 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 노조참여행동은 노사갈등과 이직의도와의 관계에서 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 노조지도부가 노조원들의 이익과 욕구에 민감히 반응하고 이를 통하여 노조의 필요성과 가치를 지속적으로 제고시키기 위한 노력이 필요하다.

• 산업노동연구
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.231-276
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• 2017

최근 몇 년 동안 중국의 노동 영역에서는 '건국 이후 최초'라는 수식어가 붙는 다양한 노동문제와 노동쟁의가 발생하고 있으며, 이는 특히 개혁개방의 전초기지인 광둥성에 집중되어 나타났다. 주목되는 점은 중국의 농민공이 점차 노동자의 정체성을 획득해 가면서 이익추구형 협상모델이 자리를 잡아가고 있다는 점이다. 중국 정부는 '안정유지'를 기조로 삼지만 노동쟁의를 제도화된 틀로 끌어들여 해결가기 위한 새로운 시도를 추진하고 있다. 중앙정부는 2015년 <조화로운 노동관계 확립에 관한 중국공산당 중앙 및 국무원 의견>을 발표해 구체적 방침들을 지시하였다. 광둥성은 이런 기조를 수용하면서 한 걸음 더 나아가 <단체협약조례>를 제정해 단체협상을 통해 노동-자본 갈등을 제도화하고자 한다. 그런데 이런 정책방침이 실효성을 얻으려면 공회(노동조합)가 제대로 기능을 하여야 하며, 이를 위해 이주노동자가 집중된 광둥성에서는 공회가 외부 전문 인력을 채용해 기층 조직 간부로 활용하는 '사회화간부'모델을 실험 중이다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.219-228
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• 2023

Purpose: Preterm birth is increasing, and obstetric nurses should have the competency to provide timely care. Therefore, training is necessary in the maternal nursing practicum. This study aimed to investigate the effects of practice education using a preterm-labor assessment algorithm on preterm labor-related knowledge and clinical practice confidence in senior nursing students. Methods: A pre-post quasi-experimental design with three groups was used for 61 students. The preterm-labor assessment algorithm was modified into three modules from the preterm-labor assessment algorithm by March of Dimes. We evaluated preterm labor-related knowledge, clinical practice confidence, and educational satisfaction. Data were analyzed with the paired t-test and repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: The practice education using a preterm-labor assessment algorithm significantly improved both preterm labor-related knowledge and clinical practice confidence (paired t=-7.17, p<.001; paired t=-5.51, p<.001, respectively). The effects of the practice education using a preterm-labor assessment algorithm on knowledge lasted until 8 weeks but decreased significantly at 11 and 13 weeks after the program, while the clinical practice confidence significantly decreased at 8 weeks post-program. Conclusion: The practice education using a preterm-labor assessment algorithm was effective in improving preterm labor-related knowledge and clinical practice confidence. The findings suggest that follow-up education should be conducted at 8 weeks, or as soon as possible thereafter, to maintain knowledge and clinical confidence, and the effects should be evaluated.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1989

Recently recognize the labor productivity of port physical distribution system in the port and shipping areas, Much Efforts for evaluating this productivity has been made continuously. BUt still there is little study, so far, on a systematic research for the management of port labor gangs, and even those were mainly depended on a rule of thumb. Especially the object of this study is to introduce the method of optimal allocation and assignment for the labor gangs per pier unit in the multiple ships berthed at an arbitary pier or port. In case the multiple ships have a homogeneous cargoes or do not have sufficient labor gangs to be assigned. The problem of optimal allocation and assignment of the labor gangs to be i) formalized with multi-state decision process in form of difference equation as the pattern which converted the independent multiple ships into a single ship with the intra-multiple ships, and ii) the optimal size of labor gangs could be obtained through the simple mathematical method instead of complicated dynamic programming, and iii) In case of shortage of labor gangs available the evaluation function considering the labor gangs available and total shift times was introduced, and iv) the optimal allocation and assignment of labor gangs was dealt at the point of minimizing the summation of the total shift times and at the point of minimizing the total cost charged for the extra waiting time except PHI time during port times for the multiple ships combinations.