• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.58-65
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• 2005

The $LaCrO_3$-dispersed Cr alloys for metallic interconnect of solid oxide fuel cell were prepared as a function of $LaCrO_3$ content in the range of 5 to 25 vol.% and were sintered at 1500$^{\circ}C$ under an Ar atmosphere with 5 vol.% $H_2$. The sintering and oxidation behaviors of these alloys were examined. The alloys indicated a good sinterability above 95% relative density at a given sintering condition, and their sintering densities is independent on $LaCrO_3$ content. The $LaCrO_3$ particles of the sintered alloys were concentrated on interfaces of Cr particles, and the size of the Cr particles increased with decreasing $LaCrO_3$ content, which is caused by inhibited grain growth of Cr particle by $LaCrO_3$ particle. The oxidation test showed all $LaCrO_3$-dispersed Cr alloys have good oxidation resistance as compared with pure Cr, which is attributed to presence of $LaCrO_3$ at the interface at which the oxidation reaction occurs rapidly. The Cr alloys with about 15 vol.% $LaCrO_3$ are very resistant to oxidation.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.48 no.8
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• pp.570-576
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• 1999

$LaCrO_3$-dispersed Cr alloys for metallic interconnector of solid oxide fuel cell have been studied as function of $LaCrO_3$ content in the range of 5 to 25 vol.% in order to examine the electric conductivity, the oxidation property and the thermal expansion behavior of these alloys. The $LaCrO_3$-dispersed Cr alloys showed high electrical conductivities of $3~5\times10^4$ S/cm at room temperature, and as the $LaCrO_3$content increased the conductivity decreased slightly. During the cyclic oxidation test at $1100^{\circ}C$, the weight change of the Cr alloys decreased with increasing number of oxidation cycle except first cycle, which is attributed to the vaporization of the oxide scale. More addition of the $LaCrO_3$ content reduced also the weight change of the Cr alloys. These mean that the oxide scale formed at the surface of the Cr alloy becomes stable with increasing number of oxidation cycle and$LaCrO_3$ content. The measured thermal expansion of the Cr alloy was well fitted to that of 8 mol% $Y_2O_3$-stabilized $ZrO_2$ electrolyte. These results demonstrate that $LaCrO_3$-dispersed Cr alloy is a useful material for metallic interconnector of solid oxide fuel cell.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07d
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• pp.1303-1305
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• 1998

In order to reduce or avoid oxidation problem at operation the interconnects in SOFCs have so far mostly been made of ceramic material. It has high chemical stability both under cathode and anode condition, relatively thermal expansion coefficient that matchs that of electrolyte material YSZ. But this material shown rather weak in the low oxygen atmosphere and thermal shock, and it has lower mechanical strength than alloys. To avoid these problems one may consider to use metals or alloys as materials for interconnects. Metallic interconnects are advantageous because of their high thermal and electronic conductivities. But it has some problems, Those are high thermal expansion and oxidation at high temperature in air. To solve these problems in the interconnection material in this study, $LaCrO_3$-dispersed Cr alloys for metallic interconnector of SOFC have been investigated as a fuction of $LaCrO_3$ content in the range of 5 to 25 vol.%. The Cr alloy were prepared by mixing Cr and $LaCrO_3$ powders in high-energy ball mill for 48h and by sintering under Ar atmosphere with 5vol.% $H_2$ for 10h at $1500^{\circ}C$. The alloys had a relative density of 95% and above. The Cr alloys in composed of two kind of small $LaCrO_3$ and large Cr particles. As the $LaCrO_3$ content increased, the Cr particle size decreased but the $LaCrO_3$ particle size remained contant. Also the oxidation tests show that the $LaCrO_3$-dispersed Cr is very resistant to oxidation in air. These results means that $LaCrO_3$-dispersed Cr is a useful material for metallic interconnect of planar SOFC.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.1135-1141
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• 2008

The $La_{1-x}(Ca\;or\;Sr)xCrO_3$(x=0 and 0.25) interconnect materials for high temperature electrolysis of steam were investigated in views of sinterability and electrical conductivity. $LaCrO_3$, $La_{0.75}Ca_{0.25}CrO_3$ (LCC), and $La_{0.75}Sr_{0.25}CrO_3$ (LSC) powders were synthesized by coprecipitation method. Crystal structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The sintering characteristics were analyzed by relative density and scanning electron microscopy. The electrical conductivity was measured by a DC four probe method. From the analyses of relative densities, it was found that the doped $LaCrO_3$ showed better sinterability than $LaCrO_3$ and the those sinterability increased with decrease of those particle sizes. The XRD results at different sintering temperatures for LCC and LSC revealed that the sinterability is closely related to the second phase transformation, that is, the second phase melting above $1,300^{\circ}C$ for LCC and $1,400^{\circ}C$ for LSC significantly promotes the sinterability. In case of electrical conductivities of LCC and LSC, which had a similar relative density, LCC showed better electrical conductivity than LSC.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.1182-1186
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• 1997

La0.8Ca0.2Cr0.98O3 powder was prepared using the modified Pechini process. Various crystalline phases formed during thermal decomposition were investigated. (La,Ca)CrO4 phase, first formed from the precursor, was transformed to (La,Ca)CrO3 and CaCrO4 above 80$0^{\circ}C$, which remained up to 110$0^{\circ}C$. However, only (La,Ca)CrO3 phase consisting of orthorhombic and intermediate rhombohedral polymorphs was observed after sintering at 125$0^{\circ}C$. The specimens sintered at 140$0^{\circ}C$ exhibited 98% of relative density and rather wide grain size distribution with average grain size of 3-4 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Densification and grain growth of the specimens observed above 125$0^{\circ}C$ were presumably attributed to liquid phase sintering resulted from melting of Ca3(CrO4)2 phase.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.180-187
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• 1997

$La_{0.68}Ca_{0.32}Cr_{0.97}O_{3}$ interconnector films ior pimar rypn solid oxide fuel (,ells were prepared under various sinteririg conditions and their bending strength. relative ilerisit~. m t l c:lec ~ ~ - i i ; i l condl~cti\.lt\ were niexiureti in order to study their mechanical and electrical propertics Th' Irndirig sriength of $La_{0.68}Ca_{0.32}Cr_{0.97}O_{3}$ lt the room temperature \vas increased with increasing sinrering temperature dnfl tinic. The relative densit\- of more than 94% was ohtained 1)). sintering at $1400^{\circ}C$ for 5hrs. The present irlvestigiition rovcals thcit sirileririg of $La_{0.68}Ca_{0.32}Cr_{0.97}O_{3}$ at lorn. temperature xyvas greatly assisted by formation oi Ca,,,(CrO,),, Also the i,leitriczl conductivity at $1000^{\circ}C$ \vas more than 100S; cm d t e r heating at $1400^{\circ}C$ for 7hrs.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.460-464
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• 2001

The ceramic diffusion coupling with the green body of calcium-doped lanthanum chromite(La$_{0.8}$Ca$_{0.2}$CrO$_3$CLC- G) and sintered calcium-doped lanthanum chromite(La$_{0.8}$Ca$_{0.2}$CrO$_3$ CLC) by Pechini's method on yttria stabilized zirconia(YSZ) plate has been investigated. The X-ray diffraction pattern of CLC sides at the reacted CLC-G/ CLC and CLC/YSZ interface were identified as La$_{1-x}$ Ca$_{x}$CrO$_3$ and the unreacted YSZ side was cubic-ZrO$_2$ at the treated condition, 1300~1500 C for 10 hr in air, respectively. The order of migration components between CLC/YSZ interface was Zr>La>>Cr>>>Ca and these changes were not dependent upon the treated conditions. The grain shape and size at the interface of CLC-G/CLC was appeared to have a uniform distribution with increasing temperature. The bonding reaction of YSZ/CLC was occurred without a large amount change of the compositions in SEM photos.os.otos.os.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.423-428
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• 2015

Impedancemetric $NO_x$ (NO and $NO_2$) gas sensors were designed with a stacked-layer structure and fabricated using $LaCr_xCo_{1-x}O_3$ (x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 and 1) as the receptor material and $Li_{1.3}Al_{0.3}Ti_{1.7}(PO_4)_3$ plates as the solid-electrolyte transducer material. The $LaCr_xCo_{1-x}O_3$ layers were prepared with a polymeric precursor method that used ethylene glycol as the solvent, acetyl acetone as the chelating agent, and polyvinylpyrrolidone as the polymer additive. The effects of the Co concentration on the structural, morphological, and $NO_x$ sensing properties of the $LaCr_xCo_{1-x}O_3$ powders were investigated with powder X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and its response to 20~250 ppm of $NO_x$ at $400^{\circ}C$ (for 1 kHz and 0.5 V), respectively. When the as-prepared precursors were calcined at $700^{\circ}C$, only a single phase was detected, which corresponded to a perovskite-type structure. The XRD results showed that as the Co concentration of the $LaCr_xCo_{1-x}O_3$powders increased, the crystal structure was transformed from an orthorhombic phase to a rhombohedral phase. Moreover, the $LaCr_xCo_{1-x}O_3$ powders with $0{\leq}x<0.8$ had a rhombohedral symmetry. The size of the particles in the $LaCr_xCo_{1-x}O_3$powders increased from 0.1 to $0.5{\mu}m$ as the Co concentration increased. The sensing performance of the stack-structured $LaCr_xCo_{1-x}O_3/Li_{1.3}Al_{0.3}Ti_{1.7}(PO_4)_3$ sensors was found to divide the impedance component between the resistance and capacitance. The response of these sensors to NO gas was more sensitive than that to $NO_2$ gas. Compared to other impedancemetric sensors, the $LaCr_{0.8}Co_{0.2}O_3/Li_{1.3}Al_{0.3}Ti_{1.7}(PO_4)_3$ sensor exhibited good reversibility and reliable sensingresponse properties for $NO_x$ gases.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.1078-1084
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• 1998

lanthanum chromite(LaCrO3) powder was synthesized by the combustion of a solution of metal nitrates La(NO3).6H2O and Cr(NO3)3.9H2O and urea. The pH of solution affected a yield of the combustion products but did not influence the morphology of the products. When the pH of the solution was in the range of 0.7-4, the yield of the combustion products was more than 90% The morphology of the combustion products was af-fected by heating methods for the solution. The hot-plate induced heating of the solution yielded powders hav-ing two-dimensionally interconnected agglomerates whereas microwave-induced heating produced a fine and non-agglomerated powders. The specific surface area(BET) of the combustion products using microwave-in-non-agglomerated powders. The specific surface area(BET) of the combustion products using microwave-in-duced heating method were larger(25~32m2/g) than that of hot plate heating method(10-14m2/g)

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.136.2-136.2
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• 2010

고전도성 세라믹 연결재용 $La_{0.8}Sr_{0.2}Cr_{1-x}Ti_xO_3$ (X=0.1 and 0.2) 연결재 재료의 소결도와 전기전도도에 대해서 연구하였다. 이러한 목적으로 $LaCrO_3$, $La_{0.8}Sr_{0.2}Cr_{0.8}Ti_{0.2}O_3$ (LSCT82), $La_{0.8}Sr_{0.2}Cr_{0.9}Ti_{0.1}O_3$ (LSCT91) 분말들을 공침법을 통해 합성하였으며, 결정구조는 X-ray Diffraction(XRD)를 통해 확인하였다. 소결 특성은 주사 전자현미경을 통해 분석하였고 전기 전도도는 직렬 4-단자 법으로 측정하였다. 상대 밀도 분석으로부터 도핑된 $LaCrO_3$는 $LaCrO_3$보다 더 높은 소결성을 나타내었고, 입자 크기가 작을수록 소결성이 향상하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 다양한 소결온도에서 얻은 LSC, LSTC 시편들의 XRD 결과는 LSC와 LSTC의 소결성이 2차상의 상전이와 밀접한 관련이 있다는 사실을 나타내었다. 다시 말해, LSTC는 $1300^{\circ}$이상 LSC는 $1400^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 2차상이 융해됨으로써 소결성을 현저하게 향상시킨다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 비슷한 상대밀도를 가진 LSC와 LSTC의 전기 전도도를 비교 측정한 결과, LSTC가 LSC보다 더 높은 전기 전도도를 나타낸다는 것을 알 수 있었다.