• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 봄학술 발표회 논문집(II)
• /
• pp.457-460
• /
• 2005

The stone powder sludges, which are occurred in aggregate production company, have classified the specified waste, so taking place the environment pollution and the disposal cost. In this causes, the stone powder sludge is required the development of recycling technique. This study concerned with the using possibility of stone powder sludge on light weight concrete. We acquired the fundamental date on recycling technique of stone sludges, by hydro-thermal reaction. The results shows that it is possible to develop the light weight concrete, having various range of properties according to the content of foam.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2012

The purpose of luminance measurement in lighting design of urban scale is to prevent light trespass and light pollution, caused by over-bright. Specially, the illumination of road, tunnel and sports complex as urban infrastructure is measured by international standard for illuminance and luminance. It has been used the spot luminance meter and the image photometer to define the characteristics of qualitative and quantitative in exterior lighting. This study introduced the concept of HDR Image, procedure of HDR Image creation and analysis. Applications of HDR Image, particularly within the apartment building exterior lighting design analysis, have been demonstrated. The procedure proposed in this study is a affordable method that is useful for the assessment of luminance distribution in the scene with electric light. It also provides a measurement capability with the high resolution luminance data within a large field of view efficiently and quickly, which is not possible to achieve with a luminance meter.

• 도시과학
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2019

Benzene pollution is becoming increasingly serious, and the treatment technology of benzene has attracted much attention. In this paper, a self-made photocatalytic reactor was used to explore the removal rate of benzene under the ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 253.7nm. The results showed that the degradation rate of benzene decreased from 64.29% to 16.26% when the concentration increased from 43mg/㎥ to 256mg/㎥ under the condition of 28W UV light intensity and 50s residence time. Under the condition of 28W UV light intensity and 103mg/㎥ concentration, the residence time increased from 16.5s to 50s, and the benzene removal rate increased from 13.23% to 42.72%.Under the condition of benzene concentration 103mg/㎥ and residence time of 50s, the removal rate of benzene increased from 29.34% to 52.58% in the process of UV light intensity rising from 28W to 48W.It is concluded that decreasing the concentration and increasing the residence time of gas were beneficial to the removal of benzene and increasing the light intensity can improve the removal rate of benzene.

• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제46권2호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2014

Causticizing calcium carbonate (CCC) is produced as a by-product in the causticization step of the kraft pulping process. It is often calcined in a rotary lime kiln after being dewatered and reused in the causticizing process. But for the China mill, the conventional recycled way is difficult because the CCC is mainly obtained from non-wood pulping materials, which higher silicon content led to serious silicon obstacle. So it is often discarded as solid waste or used in landfill after dewatering and secondary pollution is brought. In order to prevent its secondary pollution, recent years, the CCC is used as a filler in China papermaking industry. In mill trials, the CCC can be used to replace an amount of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). Unfortunately, the application scope and dosage of CCC have been limited due to its lower sizing efficiency than PCC. In this study, the reason for the lower sizing efficiency of alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) when CCC was used as a filler was investigated. The results showed that the materials in green liquid, such as insoluble matter in green liquid, silicon and metal ions, were a little influence on the sizing efficiency of AKD. The higher BET and BJH pore volume of the CCC were the main reason for lower sizing efficiency of AKD when it was used as filler.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제31권6호
• /
• pp.562-572
• /
• 2015

$NO_x$ emissions from diesel vehicles have been regarded as a main cause of high $NO_2$ concentration in metropolitan area. Recent studies have shown that the on-road $NO_x$ emissions of diesel vehicles are quite higher than the emission limits specified with the pre-defined test method for emission certification. To reduce air pollutants effectively, the discrepancy of emissions in certification and real-driving conditions should be tackled. In this study, the real-driving emissions have been estimated with portable emission measurement system (PEMS). The results of this study have shown that the on-road $NO_x$ emissions from diesel vehicles have been decreased as the introduction of stricter emission regulation, EURO-6, but additional reduction should be still required and robust technologies should be applied to control $NO_x$ in real-driving conditions. RDE-LDV (Real Driving Emission - Light Duty Vehicles) test method being developed in the European Union can represent excessive on-road $NO_x$ emissions of diesel vehicles as applied emission technologies and can be a solution to remove discrepant $NO_x$ emissions between certification and Korean real-driving conditions. Among the $NO_x$ reduction technologies for EURO-6 diesel vehicles, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system has shown the better performance than lean $NO_x$ trap (LNT) system to control on-road $NO_x$ emissions. Implementing RDE-LDV will require vehicle manufacturers to adopt the more effective $NO_x$ reduction technology in real driving conditions.

• 한국기후변화학회지
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.359-369
• /
• 2013

본 논문에서는 소형자동차에 이동식 배출가스 측정장비(PEMS)를 탑재하여 서울 도심의 실제 도로를 주행하고, 주행인자와 $CO_2$ 배출량 간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 주요 주행인자로는 평균차속, 상대가속도(RPA-Relative Positive Acceleration), 정지비율을 선정하였고, 도로유형을 단속류와 연속류로 구분하여 분석하였다. 주행거리 기반의 이동평균구간 계산 방법을 적용하여 다양한 주행조건에서의 평균값을 구하고, 다중 선형 회귀분석 방법을 통해 주행인자와 $CO_2$ 배출량 간의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 이러한 분석을 통해 자동차의 $CO_2$ 배출량은 평균차속이 증가함에 따라 감소하고, RPA와 정지비율의 증가에 따라 증가하는 경향이 있음을 통계적인 방법으로 확인하였다. 단속류는 연속류와 비교하였을 때 평균차속이 상당히 낮고, RPA와 정지비율은 높게 나타나는데, 이러한 주행인자분포의 차이로 인해 단속류의 단위주행거리 당 $CO_2$ 배출량이 높은 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.246-251
• /
• 2016

도로조명 중 누출광을 고려하지 않은 보안등이 아직도 많이 사용되어 주거지 침입광이 발생되고 있다. 이러한 도로조명의 침입광 저감을 위해 차광판이 설치되고 있지만, 효과가 미미하거나 미적 요소 및 안전성에 문제가 있다. 본 연구에서는 침입광 효율적인 저감을 위해 차광판 구조별 저감 특성을 연구하였으며, 그 방법으로 조명시뮬레이션 프로그램인 Relux 활용하였다. 또한 시뮬레이션의 값의 정확성을 알기 위해 실제 측정값과 검증하였다. 그 결과 (상)도색 글로브를 제외한 모든 차광판에서 후사광 저감 효과가 뛰어났으며, 도장형 차광판의 경우 전사광도 줄어들어 글레어 저감도 효율 적인 것으로 확인되었다. (상)도색 글로브는 위쪽으로 가는 빛을 아래로 반사시켜 후사광 전사광 모두 증가하였지만, 스카이 글로우(Sky glow) 저감에 효율적인 차광판으로 확인되었다. 시뮬레이션 값과 실측값은 90 %의 일치률을 보였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.181-190
• /
• 2011

The air pollutants from vehicle exhaust gas are affected by many factors including fuel qualities, engine and vehicle technologies, driving patterns. In particular, fuel qualities and after-treatment devices could directly affect the emission level of pollutants. The pollutant reduction characteristics that caused by enforced fuel quality standard were analyzed. Three types of test fuel were selected in accordance with Korean automotive fuel standard in 2006, 2009, 2012 and used for vehicle emission test in chassis dynamometer. European COPERT correction equation of fuel impact was considered as reference information to quantify the vehicle emission test results. The contribution rates of exhaust emission by COPERT correction equation showed that aromatic compounds and oxygen contents in gasoline fuel was most important. In case of diesel fuel, cetane index and polycyclic aromatic compounds accounted for the greater part. The exhaust emission effects by COPERT correction equation revealed that CO and VOC was increased 0.86%, 1.57% respectively in after 2009 gasoline when compared to before 2009 gasoline fuel. In case of light-duty diesel vehicle CO, VOC and PM were decreased in range of 3~7%. The result from this study could be provided for developing future fuel standards and be used to fundamental information for Korean clean air act.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume II
• /
• pp.977-980
• /
• 2006

Ships and industries damage the delicate coastal ecosystem in many parts of the world by releasing oil or pollutants into rivers, coastal and offshore waters. After a tanker accident the biggest problem is to get a clear idea of the extent of the oil slick and predict the way it will move. For natural and man-made oil spills it is necessary to operate a regular and operational monitoring. In the Mediterranean, North and Baltic seas aircrafts or ships normally carry it out. This is expensive and is constrained by the limited availability of these resources, borders between countries, daylight hours, good weather conditions, etc. Satellite imagery can help greatly identifying probable spills over large areas and then guiding aerial surveys for precise observation of specific locations. The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instrument, which can collect data almost independently of weather and light conditions, is an excellent tool to monitor and detect oil on water surfaces. SAR is currently on board the ENVISAT, ERS-2 and RADARSAT satellites. The application of this technology to the investigation of oil pollution in the Caspian, Black, Mediterranean, North and Baltic seas is shown.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제29권12호
• /
• pp.747-752
• /
• 2019

Environmental pollution remains a considerable health risk source all over the world; however, hazards are usually higher in developing countries. Iraq has long been suffering from the problem of pollution and how to treat pollution. Photocatalytic degradation has turned out to be most productive process for dye degradation. In this investigation, Rhodamine B (RhB), dye has been selected for degradation under visible light illumination. To address this issue, we fabricate erbium trioxide nanoparticles (Er₂O₃/NPs). Erbium trioxide nanoparticles are prepared and utilized for photo-catalytic degradation. The characterization of Er₂O₃/NPs is described and confirmed by utilizing of XRD (X-ray diffraction) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). The average size of Er₂O₃ nanoparticles is observed to be 16.00 nm. Er₂O₃/NPs is investigated for its ability of photo-catalytic degradation through certain selected parameters such as concentration and time. The methodological results show that the synthesized Er₂O₃/NPs is a good photo-catalytic for Rhodamine degradation.