• Title/Summary/Keyword: LFE

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A Multi-lingual Question-Answering System on Relational Databases (관계형 데이터베이스 상에서의 다국어 질의 응답 시스템)

  • Jung, Han-Min;Lee, Gary Geun-Bae;Choi, Won-Seug;Min, Kyung-Koo;Seo, Jung-Yun
    • Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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    • 2001.10d
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    • pp.530-537
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    • 2001
  • 본 논문은 자연어 인터페이스에 기반한 관계형 데이터베이스 상에서의 질의 응답 시스템에 대해 기술한다. 본 시스템은 다국어, 다중 도메인, 다중 DBMS를 지원하는 시스템으로, 주로 오디오와 비디오 관련 제품들에 대한 정보를 다룬다. Lexico-semantic pattern (LSP) 문법을 관계형 데이터베이스 상에서의 질의 응답 시스템에 최초로 도입하여 기존의 시스템들에 비해 높은 성능을 보이며, linguistic front-end (LFE)와 database back-end (DBE)를 명확히 구분하고 각종 리소스들을 엔진과 분리함으로써 높은 이식성을 가지도록 한다.

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Development of a Digital Down-mixer to Convert 5.1 Channel Audio Signals to Stereo Signals (5.1 채널 오디오 신호를 스테레오 신호로 변환하는 디지털 다운믹서 개발)

  • Jeon, Kwang-Sub;Cheong, Ho-Yong;Lee, Seung-Yo
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.62 no.12
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    • pp.1764-1770
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    • 2013
  • Use of the 5.1 channel audio signals suitable for the television system is improper for the radio broadcasting system, which uses the stereo audio system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an audio down-mixer to convert 5.1 multi-channel audio signals to stereo signals for radio broadcasting. In this paper, a development of an audio down-mixer was carried out to convert 5.1 multi-channel audio signals to stereo signals. The down-mixer which was developed can use the audio signals separated from video signals, including sound signals or individual signals provided from 3-channel AES/EBU signals including Left(L), Right(R), Left Surround(Ls), Right Surround(Rs), Center(C) and Low Frequency Effect(Lfe) sounds as mixer inputs.

FBAR 소자제작을 위한 ZnO 박막 증착 및 특성에 대한 연구

  • 강상원;김선욱;임승만;김수길;신영화
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society Of Semiconductor Equipment Technology
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    • 2003.12a
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    • pp.54-58
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    • 2003
  • 본 연구에서는 $SiO_2/Si$ 기판 위에 $1.1\mu\textrm{m}$ 두께의 ZRO 압전층을 다양한 조건 하에서 증착하고, 그 특성을 분석하고, film bulk acoustic wave resonator 소자에 적용하였다. 증착조건으로 $Ar/O_2$ 유량비를 25-75 %로 변화시켰으며, working pressure는 3~15 mtorr, RF power는 213~300 W로 변화시켜가며 실험을 하였다. 증착된 ZnO 박막은 XRD (X-ray diffractomter)와 SEM (scanning electron microscopy)을 통해 특성이 분석되었다. LFE모드의 BAW 공진기는 $50\times50\mu\textrm{m}^2$ 공진면적을 가지며, $W/SiO_2$의 5층 Bragg reflector와 상하부 전극으로 $1800{\AA}$의 Al-3% Cu, 그리고 $1.4\mu\textrm{m}$ 두께의 ZnO 압전박막으로 구성되었다. 2.128-2.151 GHz 주파수 사이에서 공진이 일어났으며, Q factor는 400으로 측정되었다.

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Fabrication of shoes for analyzing human gait pattern using strain sensors (스트레인센서를 이용한 걸음걸이 패턴 분석 신발제작)

  • Kim, Eung-Soo
    • The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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    • v.8 no.9
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    • pp.1407-1412
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    • 2013
  • The human gait pattern analysis shoes have been developed for our healthy lfe, which is largely dependent on a posture and a skeletal structure affected by daily lifestyle and gait pattern. There are generally 3 types of human gait, such as normal gait, intoeing gait, and outtoeing gait. We have analyzed one's gait pattern through walking put on the developed shoes.

Effect of local joint flexibility on the fatigue lfe assessment of jacket-type offshore platform

  • Behrouz Asgarian;Parviz Kuzehgar;Pooya Rezadoost
    • Ocean Systems Engineering
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.1-16
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    • 2024
  • This paper investigates the impact of local joint flexibility (LJF) on the fatigue life of jacket-type offshore platforms. Four sample platforms with varying geometric properties are modeled and analyzed using the Opensees software. The analysis considers the LJF of tubular joints through the equivalent element and flexible link approaches, and the results are compared to rigid modeling. Initially, modal analysis is conducted to examine the influence of LJF on the frequency content of the structure. Subsequently, fatigue analysis is performed to evaluate the fatigue life of the joints. The comparison of fatigue life reveals that incorporating LJF leads to reduced fatigue damage and a significant increase in the longevity of the joints in the studied platforms. Moreover, as the platform height increases, the effect of LJF on fatigue damage becomes more pronounced. In conclusion, considering LJF in fatigue analysis provides more accurate results compared to conventional methods. Therefore, it is essential to incorporate the effects of LJF in the analysis and design of offshore jacket platforms to ensure their structural integrity and longevity.

Conservation of an Endangered CofEopsis coreana Uyeki in and ex situ and Development of II. Dynamics and Distribution Characteristics of the Coryzopsis coreana Population at Cheongsogol, Sunchon, Cholanam-do, Korea (보호종인 히 어 리의 자생지 내외 보전과 지역사회 협력 모델 개발 II. 순천(전남) 청소골 지역 히어리개체군의 분포특성 및 동태)

  • Lim Dong-Ok;Choung Heung-Lak;Kim Jong-Hong;Hwang In-Chun;Kim Chul-Hwan;Lee Hyun-Woo
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.269-278
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    • 2005
  • The dynamics and distribution characteristics of Coryjopsis coreana popujation at Cheongsogol, Sunchon, Cholanam-do, Korea, were investigated. The Coryiopsis coreana pop ulation was distributed along the forest edge and it showed characteristics which were distributed on only directional slopes of the north, northeast or northwest. The Coryjopsis coreana constituted subtree or shrub layer in the forest, and its floristic composition was basically similar to those of adjacent areas where the species does not exist. The number of stump was 6.25 per $25\;m^2$, and each stump had 3 sproutings in average. The density of the Corylopsis coreana population in the study area was lower than that in other area, which suggests the population is declining in the study area.

Intelligence-fair and Authentic Assessment in Geographical Education Application and Practics (지리교육의 지능공정한 참평가 모형 개발 및 적용)

  • 이간용
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.177-190
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    • 2001
  • As standardized test and current perfomance assessment have some problems in the aspects of contextuality, authenticity and intelligence faimess, the aim of this study is to propose an 'intelligence-fair and authentic assessment(IFAA)as an appropriate altemative and to make sure of the probability of its application. In geographical education, an idealistic assessment can be realized when the tasks bear authenticity, multiple intelligence of students are accepted and the objective are confirming with general purpose. IFAA model consists of 5 elements. They are the selecting for strategic ideas, the developing a real-life task, the constructive instructing with teacher, the offering opportunity of multiple representation and the allotting of marks for each items, IFAA model proposed in this study is worth considering in educational validity and realistic adaptability.

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Enzyme-assisted extraction of Ecklonia cava fermented with Lactobacillus brevis and isolation of an anti-inflammatory polysaccharide

  • Lee, Won-Woo;Ahn, Ginnae;Wijesinghe, W.A.J.P.;Yang, Xiudong;Ko, Chang-Ik;Kang, Min-Cheol;Lee, Bae-Jin;Jeon, You-Jin
    • ALGAE
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.343-350
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    • 2011
  • Fermentation and enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) improve nutritional and functional properties of foods by increasing the extraction of active compounds, ingestion rates, and body absorption. In this study, we investigated whether applying the EAE process improves the extraction and isolation efficiency of a polysaccharide from fermented Ecklonia cava (FE), which inhibited NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells. The results showed that the FE using the fungi Candida utilis and two different bacteria, namely Lactobacillus brevis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae increased protein and carbohydrate contents in comparison with those in non-fermented E. cava (NE). Aqueous extracts of fermented E. cava increased extraction yields and carbohydrate content, compared with the aqueous extract of NE. In addition, treating LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells with aqueous extracts resulted in reduced NO production compared to that in LPS-treated cells. Ten EAEs of L. brevis-fermented E. cava (LFE) improved NO inhibitory effects in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells and the Viscozyme extract (VLFE) from the resulting extracts showed the highest NO inhibitory effect. We found that the >30 kDa fraction of VLFE led to markedly high inhibition of LPS-induced NO production as compared to that in the <30 kDa fraction. The crude polysaccharide isolated from >30 kDa fraction (VLFEP) consisted of fucose and markedly decreased NO production induced by LPS stimulation. VLFEP could be useful as an anti-inflammatory agent to suppress macrophage activation.

Nutritional components and antioxidant activities of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner flower and its wine (연화 및 연화주의 영양성분 및 항산화활성)

  • Kwak, Woo-Sun;Lee, Sun-Kyu;Lee, Ki-Jin;Kim, Kye-Hoon;Kim, Hey-Ran;Lee, Hyo-Ku;Oh, Ji-Won;Lee, Ok-Hwan
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.373-380
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    • 2014
  • This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional components and antioxidant activities of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner flower (lotus flower, LF) and its wine (lotus flower wine, LF wine). The moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, and carbohydrate contents of the LF were 85.90, 1.91, 0.30, 1.04, and 10.85%, respectively, and of the LF wine, 92.87, 1.70, 0.30, 0.15, and 5.17%, respectively. The total amino acids in the LF and the LF wine were 2,168 and 6,341 mg/kg, respectively. Palmitic acid (38.63%) was a major fatty acid in the crude fat of the LF, and oleic acid (76.24%) was a major fatty acid in the crude fat of the LF wine. The levels of potassium in the LF ($390.91{\pm}9.60mg/100g$) and the LF wine ($27.40{\pm}1.86mg/100g$) were higher than those of the other minerals. The total phenol and flavonoid contents of both the lotus flower water extract (LFW) and the lotus flower ethanol extract (LFE) were higher than those of the LF wine. In addition, the highest antioxidant activities and ORAC values were obtained from the LFW and the LFE. In conclusion, we found that the LF and the LF wine have potential as natural antioxidants due to their higher bioactive compound contents such as their total phenol and flavonoid contents.

Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Manganese(II), Iron(III) and Cobalt(III) Complexes of Macrocyclic Ligand. Potential of Cobalt(III) Complex in Biological Activity

  • El-Tabl, Abdou S.;Shakdofa, Mohamad M.E.;El-Seidy, Ahmed M.A.
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.55 no.6
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    • pp.919-925
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    • 2011
  • A new series of manganese(II), iron(III) and cobalt(III) complexes of 14-membered macrocyclic ligand, (3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaazabicyclo[6.6.6]icosane-1,8-diamine) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, UV-VIS, $^1H$- and $^{13}C$- NMR spectra, magnetic susceptibilities, conductivities, and ESR measurements. Molar conductance measurements in DMF solution indicate that the complexes are electrolytes. The ESR spectrum for cobalt(III) complex in $CD_3OD+10%D_2O$ after exposure to $^{60}Co-{\gamma}$-rays at 77 K using a 0.2217 M rad $h^{-1}$ vicrad source showed $g_{\perp}$ > $g_{\parallel}$ > $g_e$, indicating that, the unpaired electron site is mainly present in the $d_z2$ orbital with covalent bond character. In this case, the ligand hyperfine tensors are nearly collinear with ${\gamma}$-tensors, so there is no major tendency to bend. Therefore, little extra delocalization via the ring lobe of the $dz^2$ orbital occurs. However, the ESR spectrum in solid state after exposure to $^{60}Co-{\gamma}$-rays at 77 K showed $g_{\parallel}$ > $g_{\perp}$ > $g_e$, indicating that, the unpaired electron site is mainly present in the $d_x2_{-y}2$ ground state as the resulting spectrum contains a large number of randomly oriented molecules provided that, the principle directions of g and A tensors. Manganese (II) complex 2, $[H_{12}LMn]Cl_4.2H_2O$, showed six isotropic lines characteristic to an unpaired electron interacting with a nucleus of spin 5/2, however, iron(III) complex 3, $[H_{12}LFe]Cl_5.H_2O$, showed spectrum of a high spin $^{57}Fe$ (I=1/2), $d^5$ configuration. The geometry of these complexes was supported by elemental analyses, IR, electronic and ESR spectral studies. Complex 1 showed exploitation in reducing the amount of electron adducts formed in DNA during irradiation with low radiation products.