• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.539-548
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• 1995

연어, Oncorhynchus keta 전기자어의 부화 직후부터 부상기 이전까지의 난황흡수과정 및 체성장의 형태가 조사되었다. 한국 동해안 남대천에서 채포된 암수 친어로부터 채취한 알과 정자를 사용하여 인공수정을 시켰다 사육수온은 $13^{\circ}C$로 조절되었다. 부화 직후와 부화 후 12일부터 부화 후 33일까지 3일 간격으로 매회 40마리의 난황자어가 임의로 표본되었다. 부화 직후 난황자어의 평균 전장 및 평균 전중은 각각 1.97cm, 1.859이었으며 난황흡수는 부화 후 33일에 거의 이루어졌다. 전장, 전중 및 체세포 중량의 성장곡선은 Gompertz의 성장모델에 잘 적합되었다. 그러나 난황장, 난황중, 난황고 및 난황부피는 난황흡수가 완전히 이루어지기까지 선형의 감소경향을 나타내었다. 아울러 전장과 전중 혹은 전중과 난황중 등의 상관관계를 나타내는 상대성장도 역시 조사되었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.283-292
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• 2002

Mechanical and physical properties of various parts of jujube (Zizyphus jojoba Miller) such as fruits, leaves, secondary branches, and leafy stems were measured and analyzed. The physical dimensions of the fruits were measured using a digital caliper, and the detachment force of the fruit and leafy stems was measured using a force gauge. The physical characteristics of the secondary branches such as the modulus of elasticity and the torsional rigidity were tested using a universal testing machine (UTM). The physical characteristics of leafy stems such as length and weight were also measured using a digital caliper and a digital scale, respectively. The detachment force of leafy stems and the area of the leaf also measured. The terminal velocities of the jujube fruits, leaves, and leafy stems were measured using a custom made terminal velocity experiment system. Diameter of the major and minor axis of the jujube fruit, weight of the fruit, and detachment force of the fruit stem was average of 32.02 mm, 23.92 mm. 10.0 ${\times}$ 10$\^$6/ ㎥, 8.99 g, and 5.43 N. respectively. The detachment forces of the jujube fruits increased and the force-to-weight ratio of the jujube fruits decreased as the weight of the jujube fruits increased. The modulus of elasticity of the secondary branches of the jujube was average of 7.01 ${\times}$ 10$\^$8/ N/㎡ and decreased as diameter of the secondary branches increased. The average torsional rigidity of the secondary jujube branches was 5.2 ${\times}$ 10$\^$-/ N/㎡, and the torsional rigidity decreased as the secondary branch diameter increased. The distribution of the torsional rigidity data associated with the diameter of the branches, however. widely scattered and it was difficult to find any relationship between the diameter of the branches and the torsional rigidity of tile branches. The weight of the leafy stems, number of loaves attached to the leafy stems, diameter of the stem side of the leafy stems, diameter of the leafy stem end was average or 0.7 g, 6.6 ea, 12.2 cm, 4.5 mm, and 2.7 mm, respectively. The major and minor axis of the .jujube loaves, area of leaves, weight of the leaves. and detachment force of the leaves was average of 5.7 cm, 3.3 cm, 12.98 cm$^2$, 0.20 g, and 4.39 N, respectively. The terminal velocity of the .jujube fruits increased as the weight of the fruits increased. The terminal velocity of the leafy stems, however, did not show a relationship with the weight of the leafy stems and the number of leaves attached to the leafy stem. The terminal velocity, however, slightly increased as the length of the leafy stems increased.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2006

2004년 4월부터 2005년 3월까지 전라북도 김제시 심포면 갯벌에 서식하는 백합의 연령과 성장을 조사하였다. 백합의 패각에 나타나는 윤문은 년 1회 형성되며, 주된 윤문 형성시기는 2월$\sim$4월임을 확인할 수 있었다. 초륜의 형성기간은 약 6개월(0.5년)로 나타났으며, 각장(SL)과 각고(SH)간의 관계는 SH=0.8103 SL + 0.5145$(R^2=0.991)$이고, 각장과 각폭(SW)간의 관계는 SW=0.4897 SL + 0.0315 $(R^2=0.976)$이며, 각장과 전중량(TW)간의 관계는 $TW=2.9195\times10^{-4}\;SL^{2.9547}\;(R^2=0.991)$로 나타났다. 연령 (t)에 대한 각장(SL)의 Bertalanffy 성장식은 $SL_t=104.9(l-e^{-0.2235(t+0.7677)})$였으며, 전중량(TW)의 Bertalanffy 성장식은 $TW_t=280.8(l-e^{-0.2235(t+0.7677)})^{2.9547}$로 추정되었다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.402-412
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• 2020

본 연구는 울산권 4개 용수댐에서 서식하고 있는 어류상과 생태계교란 생물로 지정된 블루길에 대한 개체군 특성을 파악하고 기초자료를 제공하는데 목적을 가지고 시행되었다. 울산권 4개 용수댐 및 주변지류에 서식하는 어류를 대상으로 2016년부터 2017년까지 연구를 실시한 결과, 총 9과 28종 1937개체가 확인되었으며, 한국고유종은 6종(고유화율 21.4%), 외래종 4종, 생태계교란 생물 2종이 조사되었다. 본 연구에서 확인된 어류의 개체수를 기준으로 우점종 및 아우점종을 확인한 결과, 우점종은 블루길, 아우점종은 치리로 확인되었다. 블루길 개체군의 연령구조를 조사한 결과, 울산권 4개 용수댐은 만 1~2년생의 개체군이 많이 확인되었으며, 개체군이 빠르게 성장하고 있는 단계로 판단된다. 또한, 블루길 개체군의 전장-체중 관계식 및 비만도를 분석한 결과, 울산권 4개 용수댐의 전장-체장 관계식은 회귀계수 b값이 3.0보다 크게 나타났으며, 블루길 개체군이 서식상태가 양호한 것으로 판단된다. 비만도는 기울기 값이 양의 값을 보이며, 성장상태가 비교적 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 울산권 4개 용수댐에 서식하는 블루길 개체군의 동향 예측을 파악하는데 유용한 자료로 활용될 것으로 본다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.137-149
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamics of the Zacco platypus population among streams in the Gongjicheon water system, Korea from December 2010 to October 2011. In this study, fish fauna was collected 27 Species belonged to 9 Families. The legal protection species, such as a natural monument and endangered species was not collected. Korean endemic species was collected 6 species including to Z. koreanus. The ratio of Korean endemic species was 22.6%, and it was lower than 51.3% that average of Korean endemic species in the Hangang water system. About these status, we considered that Gongjicheon water system had lost of the unique characteristics of the Hangang water system by the anthropogenic disturbances. The result of analysis to length-weight relationship and condition factor(K) of Z. platypus population in the Gongjicheon water system, the regression coefficient value(b) to indication of growth degree of the population was 3.04 and the slope of the condition factor(K) to indication of corpulency had positive value, respectively. These results seems to be that the Z. platypus population is maintained to a little unstably. In addition, the values of the degree of growth and corpulence were very low than the other natural streams in the Hangang water system, so it considered that the many artificially stress factors are occurred in this study area. These results are similar to Fish Assessment Index(FAI) in the assessment for health of aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, we are considered to require precise investigation and sustained monitoring for the restorations of stream ecosystem in the Gongjicheon water system.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.391-399
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• 2006

2005년 4월부터 10월까지 횡성호를 중심으로 상 하부에 분포하는 참갈겨니(Zacco koreanus) 개체군의 동태를 알아보았다. 참갈겨니 개체군의 시기 별 변동을 비교한 결과 하부 지 역이 상부 지역보다 양호한 개체군을 유지하는 것으로 확인되었다 또한 참갈겨니 개체군의 전장-체중 상관도 분석 결과 하부 지 역의 b값은 $3.21{\sim}3.35$였고 상부 지역은 $2.94{\sim}3.37$로서 하부 지 역의 시기 별 개체군이 양호한 것으로 보였으며 상부 지 역은 빈약한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 비만도지수(K)는 하부 지 역에서 $0.0292{\sim}0.0693$인 반면 상부 지역은$-0.0165{\sim}0.0499$로 하부 지 역에 비해 K값이 떨어지는 것으로 분석되었다. 한편 von Bertalanffy의 성장모델에 의해 산출된 본 개체군의 최대성장 값$(L_{\infty})$은 상부 지역에서 279.7mm, 하부 지 역에서 303.9mm로 각각 나타나 하부 지역의 잠재성장능력이 상부 지역보다 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 이와 같이 횡성호 상부 지역의 참갈겨니 개체군은 연령구조, 전장-체중 상관도 분석, von Bertalanffy의 성장모델 결과에서 하부 지 역보다 떨어지는 것으로 나타났으며 이러한 결과는 댐의 형성으로 인한 수체와 물리적 서식환경의 변화 때문으로 보였다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.543-550
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• 2020

본 연구는 합천댐 및 주변하천에서 서식하는 어류상과 외래도입종인 블루길 개체군에 대한 특성을 파악하고 기초 자료를 제공하고자 시행된 연구이다. 합천댐 및 주변지류에 서식하는 어류를 대상으로 2016년부터 2017년까지 조사를 수행한 결과, 확인된 어류상은 총 10과 30종 1,785개체이었으며, 한국고유종은 8종(고유화율 21.8%), 외래도입종 3종, 생태계교란 생물 2종이 조사되었다. 본 연구와 과거조사를 비교한 결과, 과거조사에서 12과 36종이 보고되었고, 과거조사시 확인되었으나 본 연구에서 조사되지 않은 종은 총 14종으로, 합천호에 대해 세밀한 조사를 시행할 경우 대부분 확인될 것으로 판단된다. 합천호에 우점종으로 확인된 블루길 개체군에 대해 전장-체중 관계식을 분석한 결과, 연령구조는 1~2년생의 개체군이 많이 확인되어 개체군이 급격히 성장하는 단계인 것으로 나타났다. 비만도와 전장-체중 관계식은 모두 양호한 상태로 확인되어 블루길 개체군에 대한 관리방안이 마련되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구결과를 사용하여 합천댐 및 주변하천에 서식하는 블루길 개체군에 대한 성장 및 동향을 파악하는데 유용한 자료로 활용될 것으로 보여진다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.470-473
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• 2005

Starch was isolated from turnip (Brassica rapa L.), and to elucidate the structure-function relationship its structural and physical properties were characterized. Morphological structure of the starch was analyzed by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Most of the starch granules were spherical in shape with diameter ranging from 0.5-10mm. Apart from larger granules ($<10\;{\mu}m$) which dominated the population size of turnip starch, significant amount of small ($0.5-2\;{\mu}m$) and mid-size granules (${\sim}\;{\mu}m$) were also detected. It was revealed that presumably, erosion damages occurred due to the attack of amylase-type enzymes on the surface of some granules. Branch chain-length distribution was analyzed by HPAEC (High-Performance Anion-Exchange Chromatography). The chain-length distribution of turnip starch revealed a peak at DP12 with obvious shoulder at DP18-21. The weight-average chain length ($CL_{avg}$) was 16.6, and a large proportion (11.8%) of very short chains (DP6-9) was also observed. The melting properties of starch were determined by DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry). The onset temperature ($T_o$) and the enthalpy change (${\Delta}H$) of starch gelatinization were $50.5^{\circ}C$ and 12.5 J/g, respectively. The ${\Delta}H$ of the retrograded turnip starch was 3.5 J/g, which indicates 28.2% of recrystallization. Larger proportion of short chains as well as smaller average chain-length can very well explain relatively lower degree of retrogradation in turnip starch.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2011

Background : The purpose of this study was to apply cervical orthosis for temporal parameters of gait was to evaluate the effect. Methods : Seven normal adults participated in this study. Before and after applying a cervical orthosis compared to gait. Outcome measure were: general characteristics, temporal parameters of gait. General chacteristics included age, gender, height, weight. Temporal parameters included the Velocity cycle, Stride length, Step length, Cadence cycle, Initial double support time. Temporal parameters of gait, using the motion analysis system for cervical orthosis were evaluated before and after applying. The data was analyzed using SPSS 12.0 software and the Wilcoxon's signed-ranks test. Results : Velocity cycle and Step length were no significant differences(p>0.05). But Stride length, Cadence cycle, Initial double support time were significant(p<0.05). After apply Cervical orthosis in gait, Stride length and Initial double support time was decreased and Cadence cycle was increased. Conclusion : Changes in temporal of temporal parameters of gait was apply a cervical orthosis with the limitations of vision due to take effect. Therefore, Cervical orthosis does not interfere with the normal gait pattern by limiting the Range of Motion so that we consider to apply.

• 산업공학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2000

It is known that the human stature and its related dimensions generally increase until the late teens or early twenties, remain relatively constant throughout early adulthood, and decline from early-to-middle adulthood into old age. However, there is exception that the length of the human ears, which continue to grow throughout life. In this study, 600 Korean male and female subjects aging from 17 to 89 were selected. Four different points of external ears including Pinna length, ear connection point length, Concha length, and Lobule thickness were measured along with other relative subjects' demographic data(e.g., age, stature, weight) to determine the relationship among these obtained data. The results showed that the age, sex, and different ethnic populations were functions of ear dimensions similar to the human stature. For example, the Pinna length increases as the age increases(r= 0.689, p<0.00l). The primary objective of this study was thus to provide anthropometric dimensions of Korean ear for the product designers and recommend the appropriate product design solutions in relation to human ear. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that the continuing growth of the human body parts should be considered in the application of anthropometric data to the design of the things especially for human use.