• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.137-148
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• 2010

This study deals with the accelerated life test of high power phosphor converted white Light Emitting Diodes (High power LEDs). Samples were aged at $110^{\circ}C$/85% RH and $130^{\circ}C$/85% RH up to 900 hours under non-biased condition. The stress induced a luminous flux decay on LEDs in all the conditions. Aged devices exhibited modification of package silicon color from white to yellowish brown. The instability of the package contributes to the overall degradation of optical lens and structural degradations such as generating bubbles. The degradation mechanisms of lumen decay and reduction of spectrum intensity were ascribed to hygro-mechanical stress which results in package instabilities.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.94-102
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• 2015

Optical camera communication (OCC) is an extension of Visible Light Communication. Different from traditional visible light communication, optical camera communications is an almost no additional cost technology by taking the advantage of build-in camera in devices. It was became a candidate for communication protocol for IoT. Camera module can be easy attached to IoT device, because it is small and flexible. Furthermore almost smartphone equip one or two camera for both back and font side with high quality and resolution. It can be utilized for receiving the data from LED or positioning. Actually, OCC combines illumination and communication. It can supply communication for special areas or environment where do not allow Radio frequency such as hospital, airplane etc. There are many concept and experiment be proposed. In this paper we proposed utilizing Android smart-phone camera for receiver and introduce new approach in modulation scheme for LED at transmitter. It also show how Manchester coding can be used encode bits while at the same time being successfully decoded by Android smart-phone camera. We introduce new data frame format for easy decoded and can be achieve high bit rate. This format can be easy to adapt to performance limit of Android operator or embedded system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.627-631
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• 2010

ZnS:Mn yellow phosphors doped with Cu for white light emitting diodes were synthesized by solid state reaction method. The optical properties and structures of ZnS:Mn,Cu phosphors were investigated by x-ray diffraction, photoluminescence, and scanning electro microscopy. Photoluminescence excitation spectra originated from $Mn^{2+}$ were ranged from 450 nm to 500 nm. The yellow emission at around 580 nm was associated with $^4T_1{\rightarrow}^6A_1$ transition of $Mn^{2+}$ ions in ZnS:Mn,Cu phosphors. The highest photoluminescence intensity of the phosphors under 405 nm excitation was obtained at Cu concentration of 0.02 mol%. The enhanced photoluminescent intensity in the ZnS:Mn,Cu phosphors was interpreted by energy transfer from Cu to Mn.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.239-243
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• 2008

In this study, Bi-Sb thin film structure was prepared by thermal evaporation method. The electrical, optical transmission and structural characteristics of the prepared samples were introduced before and after thermal annealing process. At temperature of $500^{\circ}C$, the absorption of the structure was improved to reach 97% at near-infrared region. As well, the thermal annealing caused to reduce the bulk resistance of the Bi-Sb thin film structure. The morphology of Bi-Sb structure was also improved by thermal annealing as characteristic islands of the structure appear clearly in form hexagonal areas distinct from each other. This study is aiming to examine such structures if they are employed as photonic devices such as photodetectors, LED's and optical switches.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.341-349
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• 2021

We studies to verify results similar to those of previous experiments, and their potential as a lighting device through optical characteristics experiments and resonance and optical characteristics simulations of array devices. The photonic quantum ring (PQR) device having a mesa diameter of 40 ㎛ and an internal hole diameter of 3 ㎛ was fabricated. Through the near-field observation of the fabricated device, it was found that the PQR device operates even at ㎂, and also that the mesa and hole devices are driven independently of each other. As a result of measuring the wavelength spectrum of the device according to the location, the coupling phenomenon due to mesa and holes was confirmed.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.231-238
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• 2011

Variable message signs(VMS) in use are being displaying with the LED device as the luminous source, and it is a recent trend to be changed from the Lamp type to the Surface-Mount Devices(SMD) type. The LED device leads to get VMS display brightly and clearly, leading to have visibility and legibility better than the existing VMS. However, the lights which display off the road, the unnecessary energy, might have negative effect on ecosystem. This study developed the way of getting the lights be displayed only to drivers without the unnecessary energy and estimated the energy efficiency of the development by the optical testing. As a result, this study showed that the energy consumption of the developed display device appeared to decrease by about 36.1% compared to the existing device. Also the upward and downward angle of the lights changed from an angle of $24^{\circ}C$ to $0^{\circ}C$and from an angle of $-24^{\circ}C$ to $-11^{\circ}C$, respectively. Therefore, it anticipates that the developed device would benefit highway safety due to an improvement in visibility and legibility compared to the existing VMS and the energy consumption would be less lower than the existing VMS.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.610-619
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• 2022

Recently, the market for masks has been growing due to air pollution, sun protection, pollen allergies and other reasons. In addition, the demand for masks has increased dramatically due to the new coronavirus from 2020, and masks are still one of the necessities of life. Although the reliance on masks is increasing, there are many inconveniences associated with wearing masks for long periods of time. At the same time, technology is developing rapidly, and the demand for smart wearable devices is increasing. Therefore, at the moment when the fourth industrial revolution is underway, combining people's common necessities with IoT technology to bring new convenient experiences to people is an important direction for future technology development and product development. In this study, smart masks were designed and implemented using IoT(Internet of Things) technology. The mask uses a microcomputer Adafruit circuit playground express, using the microcomputer's LED, optical sensors, can be in the dark place light, and through the temperature sensor real-time grasp of body temperature changes. If the body temperature rises above normal, the LED will turn "on" and activate the voice sensor to warn yourself and others around you.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.280-280
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• 2014

We report the fabrication and electroluminescent characteristics of GaN/InxGa1-xN microdonut-shaped light-emitting diode (LED) microarrays as variable-color emitters. The diameter, width, height, and period of the GaN microdonuts were controlled by their growth parameters and the geometrical factors of the growth mask patterns. For the fabrication of microdonut LEDs, p-GaN/p-AlxGa1-xN/u-GaN/u-InxGa1-xN heteroepitaxial layers were coated on the entire surface of n-GaN microdonuts. The microdonut LED arrays showed strong light emission, which could be seen with the unaided eye under normal room illumination. Additionally, magnified optical images of microdonut LED arrays exhibited microdonut-shaped light emissions having spatially resolved blue and green colors. Their electroluminescence spectra had two dominant peaks at 460 and 560 nm. With increasing applied voltage, the intensity of the blue emission peak increased much faster than that of the green emission peak, indicating that the color of the LEDs is tunable. We also demonstrated that EL spectra of the devices could be controlled by changing the size of microdonut LEDs. What we want to emphasize here with the microdonut LEDs is that they have additional inner sidewall facets which did not exist for other typical three-dimensional structures including nanopyramids and nanorods, and that InxGa1-xN single quantum well formed on the inner sidewall facets had unique thickness and chemical composition, which generated additional EL color. The origin of the electroluminescence peaks was investigated by structural characterizations and chemical analyses.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.221-227
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• 2021

Recently, interests in mask-type skin care devices using light-emitting diodes have been increasing and optical stimuli at certain wavelengths have been known to have various therapeutic effects, such as skin whitening, acne treatment, elasticity and wrinkle improvement by controlling the exposure to wavelengths of light and irradiation time. In particular, light sources of different wavelengths are applied in masks for the purpose of suppressing skin aging, inducing cell proliferation, and alleviating skin inflammation. In this paper, we developed a light-emitting diode control system that is actively used in skin regeneration masks using a microcontroller. Optical stimuli with different manners were applied to skin fibroblast cells in a single or complex wavelengths, and then confirmed how they are effective in the cell differentiation. In addition, we found a specific wavelength that has a positive effect on cell proliferation rates, and confirm the effectiveness of cell proliferation by image processing based quantitative analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.174-174
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• 2010

Gallium Nitride(GaN) attracts great attention due to their wide band gap energy (3.4eV), high thermal stability to the solid state lighting devices like LED, Laser diode, UV photo detector, spintronic devices, solar cells, sensors etc. Recently, researchers are interested in synthesis of polycrystalline and amorphous GaN which has also attracted towards optoelectronic device applications significantly. One of the alternatives to deposit GaN at low temperature is to use Single Source Molecular Percursor (SSP) which provides preformed Ga-N bonding. Moreover, our group succeeds in hybridization of SSP synthesized GaN with Single wall carbon nanotube which could be applicable in field emitting devices, hybrid LEDs and sensors. In this work, the GaN thin films were deposited on c-axis oriented sapphire substrate by MBE (Molecular Beam Epitaxy) using novel single source precursor of dimethyl gallium azido-tert-butylamine($Me_2Ga(N_3)NH_2C(CH_3)_3$) with additional source of ammonia. The surface morphology, structural and optical properties of GaN thin films were analyzed for the deposition in the temperature range of $600^{\circ}C$ to $750^{\circ}C$. Electrical properties of deposited thin films were carried out by four point probe technique and home made Hall effect measurement. The effect of ammonia on the crystallinity, microstructure and optical properties of as-deposited thin films are discussed briefly. The crystalline quality of GaN thin film was improved with substrate temperature as indicated by XRD rocking curve measurement. Photoluminescence measurement shows broad emission around 350nm-650nm which could be related to impurities or defects.