• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2003.10b
• /
• pp.190.1-190.1
• /
• 2003

A bioassay-guided fractionation of the stem bark extract of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (Eucommiaceae) led to the isolation of three iridoid constituents, genipin (1), geniposide (3), geniposidic acid (4) as well as (${\pm}$)-guaiacylglycerol (2) and fatty acid mixtures as active ingredients of the extract responsible for the antitumoral property. The EtOAc soluble part and BuOH soluble part of the extract demonstrated a significant inhibition on the proliferation of cultured human tumor cells such as A549 (non small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system) and HCT-15 (colon) in vitro, whereas the remaining water soluble part exhibited a poor inhibition. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2003.10b
• /
• pp.202.2-202.2
• /
• 2003

A bioassay-guided fractionation of the whole extract of Viscum album (a parasitic plant : Loranthaceae) led to the isolation of two triterpenoidal components, oleanolic acid (1), ${\beta}$-amyrin acetate (2), homoflavoyadorinin B (3) as well as large quantity of free fatty acid mixtures as active ingredients of the extract responsible for the antitumoral property. The EtOAc soluble part and BuOH soluble part of the extract demonstrated a significant inhibition on the proliferation of cultured human tumor cells such as A549 (non small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system) and HCT-15 (colon) in vitro, whereas the remaining water soluble part exhibited a poor inhibition. (omitted)

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.62-67
• /
• 2022

Column chromatographic fractionation of the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of the stem-bark of Anacardium occidentale led to the isolation of five compounds (1-5). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic means by comparing spectral data to be β-sitosterol (1), 2,4-dihydroxy acetophenone (2), 1-monolinolein (3), ethyl oleate (4) and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5). These compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines: A549, SCOV3 and rat normal cell line NRK49f. Compounds 2-5 were for the first time isolated from A. occidentale.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.62 no.3
• /
• pp.253-261
• /
• 2024

The impact of temperature on electrode reactions in 100 cm² molten carbonate cells operating as Fuel Cells (FC) and Electrolysis Cells (EC) was examined using the Reactant Gas Addition (RA) method across a temperature range of 823 to 973 K. The RA findings revealed that introduction of H₂ and CO₂, reduced the overpotential at Hydrogen Electrode (HE) in both the modes. However, no explicit temperature dependencies were observed. Conversely, adding O₂ and CO₂ to the Oxygen Electrode (OE) displayed considerable temperature dependencies in FC mode which can be attributed to increased gas solubility due to the electrolyte melting at higher temperatures. In EC mode, there was no observed temperature dependence for overpotential. Furthermore, the addition of O₂ led to a decrease in overpotential, while CO₂ addition resulted in an increased overpotential, primarily due to changes in the concentration of O₂ species.

• Molecular Medicine Reports
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.1911-1918
• /
• 2019

Traditional herbal medicines are being increasingly used worldwide to treat cancer. Radix Sophorae Flavescentis (RSF) is a Chinese herb, which has numerous pharmacological properties, including anti-tumour effects. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying RSF-induced apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells (AGS cells). We found that RSF treatment (20-200 ㎍/ml) inhibited the proliferation of AGS cells and increased the sub-G1 phase ratio. RSF-induced cell death was associated with the downregulation of BCl-2 and upregulation of Bax. In addition to increasing the expression levels of apoptosis-mediating surface antigen FAS and Fas ligand, RSF also activated caspase-3; however, mitogen-activated protein kinase appeared to inhibit RSF-induced cell death. RSF also led to an increased production of reactive oxygen species. Based on these results, we propose that RSF could be a potential therapeutic agent for gastric cancer.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.363-370
• /
• 2016

Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in diabetic patients. Hyperglycemia is the primary characteristic of diabetes and is associated with many complications. The role of hyperglycemia in the dysfunction of human cardiac progenitor cells that can regenerate damaged cardiac tissue has been investigated, but the exact mechanism underlying this association is not clear. Thus, we examined whether hyperglycemia could regulate mitochondrial dynamics and lead to cardiac progenitor cell dysfunction, and whether blocking glucose uptake could rescue this dysfunction. High glucose in cardiac progenitor cells results in reduced cell viability and decreased expression of cell cycle-related molecules, including CDK2 and cyclin E. A tube formation assay revealed that hyperglycemia led to a significant decrease in the tube-forming ability of cardiac progenitor cells. Fluorescent labeling of cardiac progenitor cell mitochondria revealed that hyperglycemia alters mitochondrial dynamics and increases expression of fission-related proteins, including Fis1 and Drp1. Moreover, we showed that specific blockage of GLUT1 improved cell viability, tube formation, and regulation of mitochondrial dynamics in cardiac progenitor cells. To our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that high glucose leads to cardiac progenitor cell dysfunction through an increase in mitochondrial fission, and that a GLUT1 blocker can rescue cardiac progenitor cell dysfunction and downregulation of mitochondrial fission. Combined therapy with cardiac progenitor cells and a GLUT1 blocker may provide a novel strategy for cardiac progenitor cell therapy in cardiovascular disease patients with diabetes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.25 no.10
• /
• pp.1439-1444
• /
• 2012

A total of 144 pigs ((Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire)${\times}$Duroc)] with an average initial BW of $8.45{\pm}0.57$ kg were used in a 5-wk growth trial. Pigs were randomly allocated to 4 treatments with 9 replications per pen in a randomized complex block design. Dietary treatments included: i) CON (basal diet), ii) ANT (CON+tylosin 1 g/kg), iii) H1 (CON+H. cordata 1 g/kg) and iv) T1 (CON+T. officinale 1 g/kg). In this study, pigs fed the ANT and T1 treatment had a higher (p<0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and gain:feed (G:F) ratio than those fed CON and H1 treatment. Dietary ANT and T1 treatment led to a higher energy digestibility than the CON group. No difference (p>0.05) was observed on the growth performance and apparent total tract digestibility with H1 supplementation compared with the CON treatment. The inclusion of ANT treatment led to a higher (p<0.05) lymphocyte concentration compared with the CON treatment. Dietary supplementation of herbs did not affect (p>0.05) the blood characteristics (white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), IgG, lymphocyte). No difference was observed on (p<0.05) fecal microbial shedding (E. coli and lactobacillus) between ANT and CON groups. Treatments H1 and T1 reduced the fecal E. coli concentration compared with the CON treatment, whereas the fecal lactobacillus concentration was not affected by the herb supplementation (p>0.05). In conclusion, the inclusion of T. officinale (1 g/kg) increased growth performance, feed efficiency, energy digestibility similarly to the antibiotic treatment. Dietary supplementation of T. officinale and H. cordata (1 g/kg) reduced the fecal E. coli concentration in weaning pigs.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2000

Removal rates of hydrogen sulfide were investigated to known effects of several light sources with external and internal irradiation on the desulfurization using C. thiosulfatophilum. In the case of internal illumination system, optical-fiber photobioreactor was applied to increase the light availability. Furthermore, sunlight was used as the main light energy in the daytime and metal-halide lamp was applied as an additional light energy at night. Light energy of 99% was saved by the application of the LED's array in comparison with the incandescent light source. $H_2S$ removal rates at 5,000 lux in a 4-L photobioreactor were shown as 0.040, 0.138, 0.136, and 0.134 (${\mu}mol$ $H_2S/min$)/(mg protein/L), respectively, in the following order of light sources, when several light sources such as fluorescent, energy-saving, incandescent, halogen lamp, and filtered light at 460 nm were applied. Removal rate per unit cell concentration with the internal light diffused optical-fibers increased about 1 six times as much as that with the external light sources. Removal rate per unit cell concentration, using sunlight in the daytime and a metal-halide lamp at night, was 0.41 less than 0.869 (${\mu}mol$ $H_2S/min$)/(mg protein/L) using a 400 W metal-halide lamp day and night, since the automatic sunlight collection system can transmit the light intensity as only 10% of that with a metal-halide lamp.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.8 no.6
• /
• pp.638-643
• /
• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Kimchi is a traditional Korean fermented vegetable containing several ingredients. We investigated the protective activity of methanol extract of kimchi under different fermentation stages against oxidative damage. MATERIALS/METHODS: Fresh kimchi (Fresh), optimally ripened kimchi (OptR), and over ripened kimchi (OvR) were fermented until the pH reached pH 5.6, pH 4.3, and pH 3.8, respectively. The radical scavenging activity and protective activity from oxidative stress of kimchi during fermentation were investigated under in vitro and cellular systems using LLC-$PK_1$ cells. RESULTS: Kimchi exhibited strong radical scavenging activities against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide, superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radical. In addition, the free radical generators led to loss of cell viability and elevated lipid peroxidation, while treatment with kimchi resulted in significantly increased cell viability and decreased lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, the protective effect against oxidative stress was related to regulation of cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ p65, and $I{\kappa}B$ expression. In particular, OvR showed the strongest protective effect from cellular oxidative stress among other kimchi. CONCLUSION: The current study indicated that kimchi, particularly OptR and OvR, played a protective role against free radical-induced oxidative stress. These findings suggest that kimchi is a promising functional food with an antioxidative effect and fermentation of kimchi led to elevation of antioxidative activity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.20-24
• /
• 2006

Plasmid DNA (pDNA) is a product of interest for many biopharmaceutical companies and research laboratories, because of increase in the number of gene therapy protocols that use nonviral vectors. This work was undertaken to study the effect of antibiotic and dissolved oxygen concentration (DOC) on the production of a ColE 1-type plasmid (pVAX1-LacZ) hosted in Escherichia coli $DH5\alpha$ and cultured in a batch fermentor with 0.751 of Terrific Broth. A decrease in the DOC from $60\%\;to\;5\%$ was shown to increase the specific pDNA concentration approximately 1.5-fold, due to the downregulation of growth. Additionally, this increase in the pDNA concentration led to a 2.2-fold increase in the purity of cell lysates obtained after cell lysis. However, the use of higher DOC led to 2.8-fold higher volumetric productivity as a consequence of a faster growth rate, reducing the fermentation time from 24 to 8 h. Interestingly, the specific pDNA concentration, and pDNA productivity and purity were always higher $(10-15\%)$ in the absence of antibiotic. Overall, the data indicate that nonselective conditions can be used without compromising yield, productivity, and purity of pDNA.