• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.97-107
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• 1972

백서에 1000R의 $Co^{60}$-gamma선을 전신 조사 후 시간에 따른 LDH isoenzyme의 Pattern과 그의 활성도의 변화를 관찰한 바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 조사후 72시간에 LDH-1와 LDH-4의 뚜렷한 Pattern을 나타내어, 이는 치수의 energy 대사가 염기성과 호기성 대사과정을 동시에 행함을 의미한다. 2. LDH의 총활성도는 조사후 24시간에 현저히 감소하였으나 72시간 후에는 거의 비조사군에 가까워졌다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.122-126
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• 2004

Biofunctional nanohybrids are synthesized from layered double hydroxide (LDH) and the vitamins such as ascorbic acid and topopherol acid succinate. Either ion exchange or copricipitaion leads to successful intercalation of the vitamins into gallery space of LDH that offers a new route to safe preservation of bioactivity as well as controlled release. Intercalations of vitamins are clearly reflected on the increase in the basal spacing of ZnAl-(Nitrate) LDH from 8.5 ${\AA}$ to 10.5 ${AA}$ for ascorbate, and 49.0 ${AA}$ for tocopherol acid succinate, respectively. No significant change in UV-Vis and IR absorption characteristics of the intercalated vitamins strongly supports the safe maintenance of their bioactivities without any deterioration of chemical and structural integrity. Furthermore, it is shown that the hybridized vitamins could be discharged in a controlled kinetics.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 1971

1. The effects of chloroform to the tissue lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activities and its isozymes and to the tissue glutamic dehydrogenase (GDH) activities and its isoaymes are studied using the experimental albino male adult rats in this paper. The tissues studies are liver, kidney, heart, and brain. Besides the control group, two experimental groups are studied providing succeedingly 4 days interpariental administrations of chloroform, 0.0025ml and 0.025ml per day respectively. The changes of body weights, weights of organs, activities of GDH and LDH and their isozymes of each tissues, are analysed. 2. The body weights of rats are decreased due to the chloroform administration. 3. There are no significant differences of weights of organs due to the chloroform administration. 4. The significant decreases of tissue GDH activities and the significant changes in percent distribution of the GDH isozymes are found due to the chloroform administration. This weight be interpretated that chloroform effects to the protein and amino acid metabolism of rats. 5. Due to the chloroform administration, the significant changes in tissue LDH activities and in percent distribution of tissue LDH isozymes indicating the decreases of $LDH_1$ which is the aerobic heart type and the increase of $LDH_5$ which is the anaerobic muscle type, are observed. This could be estimated that chloroform effects to the carbohydrate metabolism, particularly to the anaerobic glycolysis of rats.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.111-119
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• 1970

Alterations of H-and M-isozymes of Lactic Dehydrogenase(LDH) were observed in the various tissues after exposing the rats to 50ppm and 250ppm of sulfur dioxide. These isozymes of the respective tissue were separated by Diethlaminoethyl (DTAE)-cellulose from the tissue homogenates of brain, lung and muscle, presenting the activities by rate of reduction of nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide ($NAD^+$). Pure LDH and the coenzyme ($NAD^+$) were directly treated with sulfur dioxide in vitro in order to find out the direct to sulfur dioxide on LDH and $NAD^+$ and the results were as follows. 1. In the normal tissues, the H-isozyme activity was dominant in the brain and heart, and the M-isozyme in the muscle. 2. In the lung tissue of normal rats, there was no difference between the activity of H-and M-type of LDH. 3. When rats inhale sulfur dioxide gas in concentration of 50ppm and 250ppm, it appeared that the H-type tend to be suppressed in aerobic tissues and the M-type in anaerobic tissues. 4. In the lung tissue exposed to sulfur dioxide, both the LDH activities were suppressed. 5. It seems that LDH and the coenzyme ($NAD^+$) are not directly affected by exposing in sulfur dioxide gas.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.4 s.99
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• pp.388-394
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• 1994

80% Methanol extracts of 44 traditional drugs used for the treatment of liver diseases or tonic effects were screened for anti-hepatotoxic activity by in vitro assay using $CCl_4-induced$ cytotoxicity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. $CCl_4-induced$ cytotoxicity was evaluated by determination of LDH, GOT or GPT activity in the medium. Rehmaniae Radix Preparata and Gelantina nigra inhibited the release of LDH, GOT or GPT from $CCl_4-treated$ hepatocytes. Gibotii Rhizoma and Eucommiae Cortex showed inhibitory effect on release of LDH from normal hepatocytes as well as $CCl_4-treated$ hepatocytes. Eucommiae Cortex and Lili Bulbus decreased release of GOT and LDH from normal hepatocytes, respectively. Astragali Radix inhibited release of GPT in $CCl_4-treated$ hepatocytes. Phlomidis Radix, Imperatae Rhizoma, Cistanchis Herba, Broussonetiae Fructus, Asparagi Tuber, Trigonellae Semen and Polgonati Rhizoma inhibited release of LDH from $CCl_4-treated$ hepatocytes. Among 44 traditional drugs, most of them released LDH, GOT or GPT at the dose of 1 mg/ml in normal hepatocytes, and Drynariae Rhizoma, Acanthopanacis Cortex, Longanae Arillus, Atratylodis Rhizoma and Ecliptae Herba increased $CCl_4-induced$ cytotoxicity.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.161-165
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• 2017

In this paper, synthesis of terephthalate intercalated Zn-Al: Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) was studied. We designed freestanding Zn-Al: carbonate LDH nanosheets for a facile exchange technique. The as-prepared Zn-Al carbonate LDHs were converted to terephthalate intercalated Zn-Al:LDHs by ion exchange method. Initially, Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films were deposited on p-Si (001) by facing target sputtering. For synthesis of free standing carbonate Zn-Al:LDH, we dipped the AZO thin film in naturally carbonated water for 3 hours. Further, Zn-Al: carbonate LDH nanosheets were immersed in terepthalic acid (TA) solution. The ion exchange phenomena in the terephthalate assisted Zn-Al:LDH were confirmed using FT-IR analysis. The crystal structure of terephthalate intercalated Zn-Al:LDH was investigated by XRD pattern analysis with different mole concentrations of TA solution and reaction times. The optimal conditions for intercalation of terephthalate from carbonated Zn-Al LDH were established using 0.3 M aqueous solution of TA for 24 hours.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.79-84
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• 1976

$M_4$-LDH isozyme was partially purified from the skeletal muscle of Agkistrodon blomhoffii brevicaudus. The protein was injected into rabbits and the resulting antiserum was tested for reactivity with crude preparations of LDH isozymes of fifteen vertebrate species. Antisera against $M_4$-LDH isozyme of A. blomhoffii brevicaudus reacted very strongly with the LDH isozymes, except the $H_4$-LDH isozyme, of A. saxatilis and A. caliginosus but weakly with those of Rhabdophis tigrinus at fixed conditions. A. caliginosus showed a difference in the immunodiffusion test and was considered to be a species less related to others of genus Agkisrodon. The suggestion that the H and M lactate dehydrogenase subunits are immunclogically distinct has been reaffirmed in the present study.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.87 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2024

Background: Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) and parapneumonic effusion (PPE) are often difficult to differentiate owing to the overlapping clinical features. Observational studies demonstrate that the ratio of lactate dehydrogenase to adenosine deaminase (LDH/ADA) is lower in TPE compared to PPE, but integrated analysis is warranted. Methods: We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the LDH/ADA ratio in differentiating TPE and PPE. We explored the PubMed and Scopus databases for studies evaluating the LDH/ADA ratio in differentiating TPE and PPE. Results: From a yield of 110 studies, five were included for systematic review. The cutoff value for the LDH/ADA ratio in TPE ranged from <14.2 to <25. The studies demonstrated high heterogeneity, precluding meta-analysis. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies Tool 2 assessment revealed a high risk of bias in terms of patient selection and index test. Conclusion: LDH/ADA ratio is a potentially useful parameter to differentiate between TPE and PPE. Based on the limited data, we recommend an LDH/ADA ratio cutoff value of <15 in differentiating TPE and PPE. However, more rigorous studies are needed to further validate this recommendation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.702-707
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• 2004

In native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of Pangasius polyuranodon, the lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27, LDH) $A_4$, $A_3$B, $A_2$$B_2$,$AB_3$ and $B_4$ isozymes were expressed in various tissues. The LDH $A_4$ and liver-specific $C_4$ isozymes were expressed in the tissues of Hypostomus Plecostomus. The bands of LDH in skeletal muscle, heart and eye tissues were not detected while one band was detected in kidney and liver, and four bands were detected in brain. The detected one band in liver was identified as alcohol dehydrogenase and an anodal band of skeletal muscle was identified as nothing dehydrogenase. The LDH in skeletal muscle, heart and eye might function as pyruvate reductase. The degree of inhibitions of LDH in skeletal muscle and heart of P. polyuranodon by 10 mM pyruvate were measured 57.6% and 73.8%, respectively. However, those of LDH in tissues of H. plecostomus were measured 52.7-61.8% so tissue specificity did not appear. Therefore, H. ple-costomus might be more acclimated to hypoxic environment by anaerobic metabolism of LDH iso-zymes than P. polyuranodon.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.133-138
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• 2012

Polyvinyl alcohol/alginate hydrogel beads containing Mg-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH-PVA/alginate beads) were synthesized for phosphate removal. Results showed that blending PVA with the LDH-alginate beads significantly improved their stability in a phosphate solution. The kinetic reaction in LDH-PVA/alginate beads reached equilibrium at 12 hr-post reaction with 99.2% removal. The amount of phosphate removed at equilibrium ($q_e$) was determined to be 0.389 mgP/g. The equilibrium data were described well by the Freundlich isotherm with the distribution coefficient ($K_F$, 0.638) and the constant (n, 0.396). Phosphate removal in LDH-PVA/alginate beads was not sensitive to solution pH. Also, the removal capacity of LDH-PVA/alginate beads ($q_e$, 1.543 mgP/g) was two orders of magnitude greater than that of PVA/alginate beads ($q_e$, 0.016 mgP/g) in column experiments. This study demonstrates that LDH-PVA/alginate beads with a higher chemical stability against phosphate compared to LDH-alginate beads have the potential for phosphate removal as adsorptive media.