• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.231-241
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• 2018

In this paper, we consider the anti-attack procedure of a ballistic missile defense system (BMDS) at different operating frequencies at its phased-array radar station. The interception performance is measured in terms of lateral divert (LD), which denotes the minimum acceleration amount available in an interceptor to compensate for prediction error for a successful intercept. Dependence of the frequency on estimation accuracy that leads directly to prediction error is taken into account, in terms of angular measurement noises. The estimation extraction is performed by means of an extended Kalman filter (EKF), considering two typical re-entry trajectories of a non-maneuvering ballistic missile (BM). The simulation results show better performance at higher frequency for both tracking and intercepting aspects.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.83-98
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• 2017

Stress-strength reliability problems arise frequently in applied statistics and related fields. In the context of reliability, the stress-strength model describes the life of a component, which has a random strength X and is subjected to random stress Y. The component fails at the instant that the stress applied to it exceeds the strength and the component will function satisfactorily whenever X > Y. The problem of estimation the reliability parameter in a stress-strength model R = P[Y < X], when X and Y are two independent two-parameter Lindley random variables is considered in this paper. The maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and Bayes estimator of R are obtained. Also, different confidence intervals of R are obtained. Simulation study is performed to compare the different proposed estimation methods. Example in real data is used as practical application of the proposed procedure.

• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.793-800
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• 2023

In this paper, we propose a generalization of Lindley distribution (GLD) via a special structure that is concern with progressively Type-II right censoring and time failure data. We study the modern properties that we have built by such combination, for example, survival function, hazard function, moments, and estimation by non-Bayesian methods. Application on some selected data related to Lindley distribution (LD) and (ED) have been employed to find out the best distribution that can fit data comparing with the GLD.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.56 no.8
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• pp.28.1-28.6
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• 2014

This study was conducted to estimate the effective population size using SNPs data of 240 Jeju horses that had raced at the Jeju racing park. Of the total 61,746 genotyped autosomal SNPs, 17,320 (28.1%) SNPs (missing genotype rate of >10%, minor allele frequency of <0.05 and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test P-value of < $10^{-6}$) were excluded after quality control processes. SNPs on the X and Y chromosomes and genotyped individuals with missing genotype rate over 10% were also excluded, and finally, 44,426 (71.9%) SNPs were selected and used for the analysis. The measures of the LD, square of correlation coefficient ($r^2$) between SNP pairs, were calculated for each allele and the effective population size was determined based on $r^2$ measures. The polymorphism information contents (PIC) and expected heterozygosity (HE) were 0.27 and 0.34, respectively. In LD, the most rapid decline was observed over the first 1 Mb. But $r^2$ decreased more slowly with increasing distance and was constant after 2 Mb of distance and the decline was almost linear with log-transformed distance. The average $r^2$ between adjacent SNP pairs ranged from 0.20 to 0.31 in each chromosome and whole average was 0.26, while the whole average $r^2$ between all SNP pairs was 0.02. We observed an initial pattern of decreasing $N_e$ and estimated values were closer to 41 at 1 ~ 5 generations ago. The effective population size (41 heads) estimated in this study seems to be large considering Jeju horse's population size (about 2,000 heads), but it should be interpreted with caution because of the technical limitations of the methods and sample size.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.1901-1908
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• 2007

The aim of this series of experiments was to examine the opportunity for application of X-ray computer tomography (CT) in cattle production. Firstly, tissue composition of M. longissimus dorsi (LD) cuts between the $11-13^{th}$ ribs (in Exp 1. between the $9-11^{th}$ ribs), was determined by CT and correlated with tissue composition of intact half carcasses prior to dissection and tissue separation. Altogether, 207 animals of different breeds and genders were used in the study. In Exp. 2 and 3, samples were taken from LD cuts, dissected and chemical composition of muscle homogenates was analysed by conventional procedures. Correlation coefficients were calculated among slaughter records, tissues in whole carcasses and tissue composition of rib samples. Results indicated that tissue composition of rib samples determined by CT closely correlated with tissue composition results by dissection of whole carcasses. The findings revealed that figures obtained by CT correlate well with the dissection results of entire carcasses (meat, bone, fat). Close three-way coefficients of correlation (r = 0.80-0.97) were calculated among rib eye area, volume of cut, pixel-sum of adipose tissue determined by CT and intramuscular fat or adipose tissue in entire carcasses. Estimation of tissue composition of carcasses using equations including only CT-data as independent variables proved to be less reliable in prediction of lean meat and bone in carcass ($R^2 = 0.51-0.86$) than for fat (($R^2 = 0.83-0.89$). However, when cold half carcass weight was also included in the equation, the coefficient of determination exceeded $R^2 = 0.90$. In Exp. 3 tissue composition of rib samples by CT were compared to the results of EUROP carcass classification. Findings revealed that CT analysis has higher predictive value in estimation of actual tissue composition of cattle carcasses than EUROP carcass classification.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.68-76
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• 2002

This paper presents an implementation of high-dynamic performance control system of Reluctance Synchronous Motor (RSM) drives for an industrial servo system with direct torque control (DTC). The problems of DTC for high-dynamic performance and maximum efficiency RSM drives are the nonlinear variable flux and inductance due to a saturated stator linkage flux and nonlinear inductance curve with various load currents. The accurate estimation of the stator flux and torque are obtained using stator flux observer of which a saturated inductance Ld and Lq can be compensated by using the adapted neural network from measuring the modulus and angle of the stator current. To obtain fast torque response and maximum torque/current with varying load current, the reference command flux is ensured by imposing Ids=Iqs. This control strategy is proposed to fast response and optimal efficiency for RSM drive. In order to prove rightness of the suggested control algorithm, we have some actual experimental system using 6000 pulse/rev encoder at ${\pm}10$ and ${\pm}1500rpm$. The developed digitally high-performance control system are shown some good response characteristics of control results and high performance features using 1.0kW RSM of which has 2.57 Ld/Lq salient ratio.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.135-141
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• 2002

This paper presents an implementation of high-dynamic performance of position sensorless motion control system of Reluctance Synchronous Motor(RSM) drives for an industrial servo system with direct torque control(DTC), The problems of DTC for high-dynamic performance and maximum efficiency RSM drive due to a saturated stator linkage flux and nonlinear inductance curve with various load currents, The accurate estimation of the stator flux and torque are obtained using stator flux observer of which a saturated inductance Ld and Lq can be compensated by adapting from measurable the modulus and angle of the stator current space vector. To obtain fast torque response and maximum torque/current with varying load current, the reference command flux is ensured by imposing Ids=Iqs. This control strategy is proposed to fast response and optimal efficiency for RSM drive. In order to prove rightness of the suggested control algorithm, the actual experiment carried out at ${\pm}$20 and ${\pm}$1500 rpm. The developed digitally high-performance control system are shown some good response characteristic of control results and high performance features using 1.0kW RSM of which has 2.57 Ld/Lq salient ratio.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.772-779
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• 2013

Linkage disequilibrium (LD) plays an important role in genomic selection and mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL). In this study, the pattern of LD and effective population size ($N_e$) were investigated in Chinese beef Simmental cattle. A total of 640 bulls were genotyped with IlluminaBovinSNP50BeadChip and IlluminaBovinHDBeadChip. We estimated LD for each autosomal chromosome at the distance between two random SNPs of <0 to 25 kb, 25 to 50 kb, 50 to 100 kb, 100 to 500 kb, 0.5 to 1 Mb, 1 to 5 Mb and 5 to 10 Mb. The mean values of $r^2$ were 0.30, 0.16 and 0.08, when the separation between SNPs ranged from 0 to 25 kb to 50 to 100 kb and then to 0.5 to 1 Mb, respectively. The LD estimates decreased as the distance increased in SNP pairs, and increased with the increase of minor allelic frequency (MAF) and with the decrease of sample sizes. Estimates of effective population size for Chinese beef Simmental cattle decreased in the past generations and $N_e$ was 73 at five generations ago.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1989

The nonempirical molecular connectivity indexes of a number of mono- and disubstituted purines were calculated. Very good correlations were obtained between anticancer activity (log 1/c) and toxic activity (log 1/) of tIhese compounds and their molecular connectivity indexes and physicochemical constants. Our structure-activity relationship is discussed briefly in relation to theories of general QSAR.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.36-39
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• 1978

With the current advances in insect toxicant bioassay, the need for easy methods of estimating the dosage-mortality regression equation has become vital. The Probit analysis seems to be not convenient for estimating the dosage-mortality regression equation and median lethal dose(LD50) because of its complexity in calculation. This study presents a comparision between Probit and Losit transformation for the estimation from bioassay results. Validation of the two methods is presented for the pathogenecity of nuclear polyhedrosis virus to the larva of fall web worm, Hyphantria cunea D.