• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.84-92
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• 2010

B. subtilis MJP1이 생산하는 항균물질을 분리 정제하기 위하여 SPE, IEC, GFC를 통한 정제를 수행하였다. 정제된 항세균 물질은 tricine SDS-PAGE에서 하나의 band임을 확인 한 후 N-말단 아미노산 서열분석을 하였으나 N-말단이 blocking 되어 그 서열을 분석할 수 없였다. 이에 그 내부서열을 알아보기 위한 LC를 이용한 ESI-MS/MS를 시행하였으나 내부서열도 확인할 수 없었고, UPLC를 이용한 ESI-MS/MS를 시행한 결과 항세균 활성 물질은 분자량이 매우 유사한 2개의 peptide(3356.54 Da, 3400.5244 Da)가 존재함을 확인하였다. 정제된 항세균 물질의 항균 spectrum을 조사한 결과, L. monocytogenes에 가장 강한 항균활성을 나타내며 이외에 B. subtilis, S. aureus subsp. aureus, E. faecalis 등의 Gram 양성균에서 항균활성을 나타내였다. 정제된 B. subtilis 항세균 물질은 pH 3.0부터 pH 9.0 범위에서는 안정하였으며 $4^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$에서 24시간, $100^{\circ}C$에서 5분 동안 매우 안정하였고, $70^{\circ}C$에서 24 시간, $100^{\circ}C$에서 30분 동안 처리한 구간부터 역가가 감소하여 $121^{\circ}C$에서 15분 동안 처리한 구간에서는 역가가 완전히 소실되었다. 효소 안정성 실험에서 정제된 항세균 물질은 일부 단백분해효소에 의해 분해되어 역가를 상실하였으며, lipase나 $\alpha$-amylase에서는 안정함을 나타냈다. 이로부터 정제된 항세균 물질이 넓은 pH 범위에서 안정하고, 비교적 높은 온도에서도 활성을 유지한다는 점을 관찰할 수 있었으며, 단백분해효소에 의해 분해되므로 bacteriocin임을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 B. subtilis MJP1으로부터 분리 정제된 bacteriocin은 class IIa군의 특성과 유사하며, B. subtilis MJP1은 본 분리 bacteriocin 이외에도 다른 항세균 물질과 항진균 물질을 생산하는 균주임을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2018

Background: Notoginsenoside Ft1 is a promising potential candidate for cardiovascular and cancer disease therapy owing to its positive pharmacological activities. However, the yield of Ft1 is ultralow utilizing reported methods. Herein, an acid hydrolyzing strategy was implemented in the acquirement of rare notoginsenoside Ft1. Methods: Chemical profiles were identified by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with quadruple-time-of-flight and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-ESI-MS). The acid hydrolyzing dynamic changes of chemical compositions and the possible transformation pathways of saponins were monitored by ultrahigh-performance LC coupled with tandem MS (UHPLC-MS/ MS). Results and conclusion: Notoginsenoside Ft1 was epimerized from notoginsenoside ST4, which was generated through cleaving the carbohydrate side chains at C-20 of notoginsenosides Fa and Fc, and vinaginsenoside R7, and further converted to other compounds via hydroxylation at C-25 or hydrolysis of the carbohydrate side chains at C-3 under the acid conditions. High temperature contributed to the hydroxylation reaction at C-25 and 25% acetic acid concentration was conducive to the preparation of notoginsenoside Ft1. C-20 epimers of notoginsenoside Ft1 and ST4 were successfully separated utilizing solvent method of acetic acid solution. The theoretical preparation yield rate of notoginsenoside Ft1 was about 1.8%, which would be beneficial to further study on its bioactivities and clinical application.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2012

Purpose: To examine the antibacterial effectiveness of silver nanoparticles (SNP) mixed with commercial orthodontic adhesives. Materials and Methods: SNP was prepared by dissolving silver perchlorate in an organic solvent and reducing it with ultraviolet radiation. SNP was then mixed with four commercial orthodontic adhesives (Light Bond, Blugloo, Transbond XT, and Fuji Ortho LC) (0.05 wt %), which were then formed into disc-shape specimens ($8.0mm{\times}3.0mm$). Commercial orthodontic adhesives containing no SNP were used as the control groups. Specimens of the four experimental and four control groups were incubated with streptococcus mutans and the medium turbidity was assessed at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 hours after incubation. The agar diffusion test was also performed to examine the growth inhibition zone of these groups. The data were statistically analyzed using a Wilcoxon rank sum test and t-test with a Bonferroni's correction (P<0.05). Result: The SNP containing groups had a superior antibacterial effect compared to the control groups. In the agar diffusion test, the control groups without SNP did not produce an inhibition zone, whereas the SNP containing groups showed inhibition zone of 10~13 mm. Conclusion: The incorporation of SNP into orthodontic adhesives can inhibit cariogenic bacterial growth.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.558-570
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• 2009

The vascular plants in Jeju composed of 21 families 62 genera, 190 species, 7 varieties with 197 taxa in Pteridophyta, 3 families 5 genera, 7 species, 3 forma with 10 taxa in gymnosperm (Coniferophyta) and 143 families 703 genera, 1,622 species, 114 varieties and 47 forma with 1,783 taxa in Endospermae. The total number of taxa was 1,990 consisting 167 families, 770 genera, 1,818 species, 121 varieties and 50 forma. Three families, 4 genera 4 species and 1 variety in Pteridophyta and 1 family, 1 genus I species, 1 forma of Coniferophyta were endemic to Jeju. Five families, 8 genera and 8 species in the Monocotyledonae of Endospermae and 23 families, 32 genera, 21 species, 16 varieties and 7 forma and 44 taxa in Cholipetalae, and 9 families, 24 genera, 12 species, 13 varieties and 7 forma, total 32 taxa in Sympetalae were endemic to Jeju. Total 90 taxa with 41 families, 69 genera, 46 species, 29 varieties and 15 forma were drawn up as endemic plants in Jeju. As the numbers show on, Jeju has more biodiversity especially plant diversity than any other places in Korea. It was an important region in regard to geographical position. The rarity on plants from Jeju has been assessed based on the IUCN red list categories and criteria at both regional and global levels. There was one species in each extinct (EX) and extinct in the Wild (EW). The EX and EW species were Rhododendron saisiuense Nakai (Ericaceae) and Asplenium antiquum Makino (Aspleniaceae), respectively. Three taxa, Rhododendron dauricum L. (Ericaceae), Lycopodium sieboldii Miq., and Lycopodiella cernua (L.) Serm (Lycopodiaceae) were species that is extinct in the region (RE). Sixty-one taxa were critically endangered (CR), 13 were endangered (EN), and 83 were vulnerable (VU) at regional level. The taxa listed on a Red List corresponds 26.9% of total taxa in Jeju. At global level, there were 19 taxa in CR, 4 in EN, and 1 in VU (Vulnerable) as the category of threat. The rest taxa (133 taxa) were classified as Least Concern (LC). According to the results of the assessment, conservation measures must be taken for total of 157 species that were categorized in threaten including one of EX, one of EW and three extinct in the region immediately. Of 157 species, 61 were CR, 13 are EN and 83 were VU.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.199-209
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• 1991

In this paper, the fabrics for Korean folk clothes(KFC) undergoes repeated laundering under given condition. After this cyclic laundering was applied, the mechanical properties of the specimen were measured using KES-F system in order to evaluated the end-use performance of fabrics for KFC. And also, the crease recovery of fabrics for KFC were measured by shirley crease recovery tester. 78 different kinds of commercial silk fabrics and polyester fabrics for KFC were used for this study. The experimental results were analysed statistically to relate the mechanical properties and the crease recovery of fabrics for KFC. Furthermore, these changes in dimensional stability, mechanical properties and handle of fabrics for KFC were discussed in comparison with those values for silk fabrics and polyester fabrics. The results obtained are as follows. 1. Regardless of materials, remarkable increase are observed in shrinkage of the fabrics for KFC about repeated laundering, but dull increase are observed in shrinkage after 10 cycles of the repeated laundering. On the other hand, slack extend are observed in dimensions after 20 cycles of the repeated laundering. The shrinkage of fabrics for KFC after 10 cycles of the lundering showed that the silk fabrics are $1.74{\pm}0.33\%$ (warp direction) and $1.35{\pm}0.23\%$ (weft direction) and the polyester fabrics are $1.45{\pm}0.22\%$ (warp direction) and $1.25{\pm}0.23\%$ (weft direction). 2. Except for tensile property, these changes in mechanical properties of fabrics for KFC by laundering have $\pm$ 16 range of bending, shearing, compression, surface, thickness & weight as compared with before laundering. Particularly, the LT and RT about $1\~3$ cycles of the repeated laundering showed remarkable decrease. And SMD, WC, T & W of fabrics for KFC by the laundering were more increased than one for original fabrics. But B, 2HB, G, 2HG, 2HGS were decreased more than one for original fabrics. 3. 'Stiffness', 'Anti-drape', 'Crispness' and 'Scroop' hand values decrease and'Fullness & softness', 'Flexibility & softness' hand values increase with repeated laundering. 4. Remarkable decrease are observed in crease recoveries about $1\~5$ cycles of the repeated lundering, but slack decrease are observed in crease recoveries after 5 cycles of repeated laundering. The crease recovery of fabrics for KFC have negative(-) correlation with LT, RT, G, RC and MMD, This fact implies that the smaller these values, the larger the crease recovery. The crease recovery of fabrics for KFC has a high degree of correlation with the mechanical properties such as shearing, compression, surface property. And also, the crease recovery are expected by measuring the mechanical properties such as G, 2HG, 2HGS, RC, WC, LC, MIU, MMD and SMD, according to the obtained regression equation.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.78-89
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• 2020

기능성 성분이 향상된 토마토 품종 개발을 위해서는 성분 정량분석법과 토마토 유전자원 간 대사성분 변이에 대한 정보의 확보가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 토마토 유전자원23개 계통과 12개 상용 F₁ 품종을 이용하여 수용성 비타민 7종(vitamin C, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9)과 폴리페놀계 성분 5종(quercetin, rutin, kaempferol, myricetin, and naringenin chalcone)에 대한 함량을 비교 분석 하였다. HPLC와 LC-MS 분석 결과, 수용성 비타민과 폴리페놀계의 주요 성분으로 vitamin C와 naringenin chalcone이 각각 검출되었으며 품종 간 높은 수준의 함량 변이가 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 반면에 vitamin B1, quercetin 과 kaempferol은 전 품종에 있어 함량이 가장 낮았다. 대사성분 함량과 토마토 과실특성 간 상관관계에 있어 서 과크기(과중)와 높은 유의성이 관찰되었는데 대부분의 성분에 있어 방울토마토 품종이 완숙용 토마토 품종보다 높은 함량을 보였다. 하지만 naringenin chalcone을 제외하고 대사성분과 과색 간의 상관관계는 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않았다. 본 결과는 토마토 육종과정에 활용될 수 있는 효율적인 대사성분 정량분석법을 제시할 뿐만 아니라 기능성 성분 고함량 육종소재 선발에 중요한 정보를 제공한다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.328-333
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 총 65균주의 Bifidobacterium과 Lactobacillus로부터 엽산 생성능력이 있는 11균주의 Lactobacillus를 1차 선정하였다. 그 중 microbiological assay를 통해 엽산 생성능력이 가장 우수한 것으로 선발된 L. plantarum Fol 708을 이용하여, 우유배지에서 L. brevis GABA 100과의 공동배양 및 배양 pH을 일정하게 유지한 후, 각각의 pH조건에서 균체 내부 및 배양 상등액의 엽산 생성과 균체량을 측정하였다. 공동 배양은 1% glutamic acid가 첨가된 우유배지에 균주를 각각 1% (v/v) 접종하여 발효시켰으며, L. plantarum Fol 708과 L. brevis GABA 100의 접종비율이 1:1에서 가장 높은 엽산 생성(약 $8{\mu}g/100mL$)을 보여주었다. 배양 pH을 일정하게 유지한 후 균체량과 엽산 생성을 측정한 경우, 균체량은 pH 4.5에서 가장 높게 측정되었고, 총 엽산 생성은 pH 5.5에서 가장 높게 측정되었다. 본 연구에서 선발한 L. plantarum Fol 708을 이용하면 엽산 함량이 높은 다양한 발효 식품의 개발에 도움이 될 것이다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2017

에너지 음료는 카페인을 주성분으로 타우린, 비타민 같은 다른 energy-enhancing 성분을 함유하고 있다. 미국과 유럽에서는 글루쿠로노락톤이 에너지 음료에 첨가될수 있으나, 국내에서 의약품으로는 허가되어 있다. 따라서 식품 첨가물로는 그 사용이 금지 되어 있어, 지속적으로 수입 및 유통 음료에서 시험검사를 하여 규제하고 있다. 현재 분석법으로 사용하는 LC-PDA 법은 복잡한 유도체화 과정을 거치고, 음료 중에 당류들이 위양성 결과를 나타내기도 한다. 이런 기존 방법의 단점을 개선하기 위해 HILIC-ESI-MS/MS(hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry)를 이용한 분석법을 개발하고, 선택성, 직선성, 검출한계, 정량한계, 정밀도, 정확성, 재현성에 대하여 분석법 유효성 검증을 수행했고, AOAC, EURACHEM 가이드라인에 부합되는 결과를 얻었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.325-333
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 현초의 식품소재 적용과 기능성 소재의 개발을 위해 현초 에틸 아세테이트 분획물을 이용하여 활성산소종의 소거활성과 산화적 DNA 손상 보호효과 및 항균활성에 대해 검증하였다. 현초를 메탄올로 추출하여 얻어진 추출물에 대해 n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, water의 용매를 이용하여 순차분획을 실시하였고, 얻어진 결과물에 대하여 다양한 항산화 측정 방법을 통하여 항산화 효능을 측정한 결과 에틸 아세테이트 분획물의 경우 DPPH 라디칼 소거능, ABTS 라디칼 소거능 및 환원력에서 효과가 높게 측정 되었으며, $50{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 각각 80.88%, 80.12%, 28%를 저해하는 것으로 측정되었다. 이러한 항산화 효능과 함께 산화적 DNA 손상 보호효과를 검증하였고 농도별로 억제하는 경향을 나타냈다. 또한 식품 소재 및 다양한 첨가 소재로 이용하기 위하여 항균활성을 측정하였으며, 에틸 아세테이트 분획물에서 연구에 사용된 모든 균주에 대하여 저해 활성을 보였다. 이러한 활성을 가진 현초 에틸 아세테이트 분획물의 활성물질을 검증하기 위하여 phenolic compound 및 flavonoid 대조군을 이용하여 LC 분석을 하였다. 그 결과 ellagic acid와 gallic aicd가 검출 되었으며 각각 55.14 mg/g, 5.42 mg/g 측정 되었다. 이는 결과적으로 현초는 다양한 식품소재로서의 활용될 수 있으며, 본 논문은 기능성 물질로 활용을 위한 기초자료가 될 것으로 사료 된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.312-321
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• 2018

Recently, consumer demand for functional cosmetics containing natural ingredients has been greatly expanded. To develop the natural cosmetic materials, we selected 3 plants, Chrysanthemum zawadskii Herbich (CZ), Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton var. acuta Kudo (PF), and Rosa multiflora Thunberg (RM) which showed high total flavonoid contents (TFC), total polyphenol contents (TPC), and strong DPPH radical scavenging effect. We determined astragalin, chlorogenic acid, and rosmarinic acid as a marker compound for quantitative analysis of the content of each material and standardization of the quality standards and manufacturing standards through LC/MS analysis. HPLC-DAD was used to simultaneously analyze these marker components of three natural product complexes (Mix) and to validate the analytical method through experiments such as linearity, accuracy and precision. The detection wavelengths were set at 210, 265, and 330 nm. The detected 3 compounds from extract of CZ, PF, RM showed significant linearity ($R^2${\geq_-}$0.9947). The limit of detection (LOD) of chlorogenic acid, astragalin and rosmarinic acid were $8.29{\mu}g/ml$, $2.28{\mu}g/ml$, and $27.00{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of chlorogenic acid, astragalin and rosmarinic acid were $25.11{\mu}g/ml$, $6.92{\mu}g/ml$, and $81.83{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The contents of the three indicators of Mix were 19.82-24.71 mg/g of chlorogenic acid, 43.80-46.02 mg/g of astragalin, and 46.33-48.57 mg/g of rosmarinic acid.