• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.941-947
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• 1998

전통안동식혜로부터 젖산균 L. bulgaricus LBS 47, L. acidophilus LAS 10 및 Lc. lactis LLS 56와 효모 S. cerevisiae SCS 5을 분리하였다. 분리동정한 균들의 pH, 적정산도 및 균수의 변화를 관찰한 결과, SCS 균주는 배양 4시간에 pH 4.5으로 가장 낮았으며 LBS과 LAS 균주의 적정산도는 배양 초기 $0.40{\sim}2.30%$로 SCS 균주보다 큰 변화를 나타내었다. LBS과 LAS 균주의 성장변화는 두 균주 모두 배양 20시간에 $1.7{\times}10^9{\;}CFU/mL$로 성장 정지기에 도달하였다. SCS 균주는 배양 12시간에 $4.8{\times}10^6{\;}CFU/mL$로 정지기에 도달하여 SCS 균주가 LBS과 LAS 균주에 비해 균 성장은 유사하였으나 균수에 있어서는 낮은 결과를 나타내었다. 효모 SCS 균주의 최적 성장온도는 $30^{\circ}C$로 나타났다. pH와 적정산도는 배양 12시간에 pH 4.5와 적정산도 1.23%의 빠른 산생성을 보였으며, 균수의 변화는 배양 32시간에 $4.9{\times}10^9{\;}CFU/mL$로 성장정지기에 도달하였다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2008

경량기포혼합토(LAS)의 일축압축강도($q_u$)와 변형계수($E_{50}$)에 영향을 미치는 인자를 분석하기위해 모래, 실트, 점토의 함유율이 서로 다른 건설발생토(원료토)를 이용하여 일축압축강도시험을 수행하였다. 일축압축강도시험 분석결과 동일 원료토에서 LAS의 목표단위중량(${\gamma}_m$) 및 시멘트 첨가량($C_i$)이 강도-변형특성의 지배인자로 분석되었으며, 서로 다른 원료토에서는 단위중량과 시멘트 첨가량이 동일할 경우 원료토의 입도분석시험(KS F2302)결과 산출된 모래, 실트, 점토의 상호비율과 강도-변형특성의 관계를 제시하였다. 양생일에 따른 LAS의 강도발현속도는 원료토내 점토의 함유율($C_%$)이 증가할수록 강도발현을(a)은 저하되는 것으로 나타났다.

• 이베로아메리카
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.55-86
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• 2010

Después de la década 1990, la soja ha sido un agro-producto más importante en Paraguay. Pero la soja ha convertido el campo rural en la zona de la producción, es decir, la zona de sojización, para la exportación. Por otro lado, el campo rural se ha deteriorado por el aumento de la extensión del cultivo sojal. Los cultivos se extienden a lo largo de cientos de kilómetrios y afectan zonas muy cercanas a comunidades, colonias y otros asentamientos campesionos e indígenas, incluyendo escuelas, hogares, charcas familiares y comunitarias. Los sojeros utilizaron los agrotóxicos que contaminaron la tierra, agua y alimentos. Aunque los campesinos no quieren vender sus tierras, no ven otras alternativas ante los graves problemas que conllevan las masivas fumigaciones. Ellos venden sus lotes y migraron a ciudades. Se pierde la soberanía territorial, pues las tierras pasan a manos extranjeras, y la soberanía alimentaria, porque se desplaza la diversificación y los cultivos de subsistencia, expulsando a los campesions hacia las ciudades. Ante el agravamiento de la situación causado por el incremento del cultivo de la soja, los campesinos empezaron a resistir, es decir, desarrollar 'la guerra de la soja' contra los sojeros y el gobierno paraguayo que no tenia refuerzos de resolver los problemas. Los campesinos formaron coordinadoras por la defensa de sus tierras y de su modo de vida contra los sojeros. Las luchas y movilizaciones reclaman no sólo un nuevo tipo de reforma agraria sino también la defensa de la soberanía económica, alimentaria y territorial, el derecho a producir con la propia semilla y a desarrollar técnicas agrícolas adecuadas de acuerdo con la economía campesina y el equilibrio del medio ambiente, el desarrollo de formas sociales de producción y la democratización en el medio rural.

• Architectural research
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2016

Low-income housing policies in South Korea have been pursued mostly by providing public rental housing for less privileged social groups. In contrast to this notion of housing, this article argues for housing ownership by low-income families. Two examples of this ownership policy are found in Chile. Incremental housing involves an open-ended housing platform, which requires home-dwellers to complete the construction process themselves. This article aims to examine structural, spatial and formal characteristics of the incremental housing projects. Taking the perspective of the home-dweller during the incremental construction process, we evaluate the houses before and after customization. Thus, we use data from field-work conducted for seven months in the Santiago Metropolitan Area of Chile. Using qualitative methods such as observation, semi-structured interviews, and surveys we focus on the Elemental Lo Espejo incremental housing project and then compare it with the Las Higuera housing project. The latter is representative of the incremental houses delivered by the Chilean government. In comparing these two projects, we aim to articulate the lessons of incremental housing with the intention of suggesting possible future developments for a wider-reaching incremental housing program.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.505-510
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• 2004

The glass-ceramic based on LAS($Li_{2}O-Al_{2}O_3-SiO_{2}$) system was observed using SEM(Scanning Electric Microscopy) and AFM(Atomic Force Microscopy) and it was expected to get a correlation between the crystal size and the surface roughness through the result. At heat treatment conditions (the nucleation: $740\~800^{\circ}C$, the crystal growth: $900\~1150^{\circ}C$), the crystal size was increased from 72 to 450 nm so that the mean of surface roughness was also risen from 0.8 to 6.3 nm. Based on the results, the surface roughness of glass-ceramic is controlled by the factors, crystal size, crystallines, and the condition of heat treatment.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.205-221
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• 2006

대학도서관 이용자의 도서관불안을 측정하여 분석하기 위하여, A대학교 도서관이용자를 체계적으로 표집하여 설문조사(LAS)를 수행하였다. 707명의 도서관이용자로부터 수집된 데이터의 기초통계를 분석하여 불안의 정도를 파악하고 선행연구 결과와 비교하였으며, 성별, 학년, 전공계열, 도서관방문빈도, 도서관이용교육과 도서관불안과의 관계를 분석하였다. 도서관불안을 나타내는 LAS 점수는 2.55점이고, 성별, 학년별, 전공계열별로 차이가 있다. 도서관이용교육은 도서관직원으로 인한 도서관불안을 감소시키며, 도서관방문빈도의 증가에 따라 도서관불안이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 정서적 장벽으로 인한 불안은 학년이 높고, 도서관방문빈도가 증가할수록 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 분석 결과에 기초하여 도서관불안을 해소할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2018

This paper describes the measurement of pulse positioning (input time) to calculate a time of arrival (TOA) that takes from transmitting a signal from the target of multilateration (MLAT) system to receiving the signal at the receiver. In this regard, this paper analyzes performances of simple threshold method and level adjust system (LAS) method, which is one of the adaptive threshold detector (ATD) methods, among many methods to calculate pulse positioning of signal received at the receiver. To this end, Cramer-rao lower bound (CRLB) with regard to pulse positioning, which was measured when signals transmitted from a transponder mounted at the target were received at the receiver, was induced and then deviation sizes with regard to pulse positioning, which was measured with simple threshold and LAS methods through MATLAB simulations, were compared. Next, problems occurring according to a difference in amplitude of signals inputted to each receiver are described when pulse positioning is measured at multiple receivers located at a different distance from the target as is the case in the MLAT system. Furthermore, LAS method to resolve the problems is explained. Lastly, this study analyzes whether a pulse positioning error occurring due to the signal noise satisfies the requirement (6 nsec. or lower) recommended for the MLAT system when using these two methods.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.29-47
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• 2004

본고는 도서관 정보 서비스 및 이용자교육의 중요한 연구 영역인 도서관 불안에 관한 연구를 디지털 도서관 환경 측면에서 새로이 검토하였다. 특히 본 논문은 디지털 도서관이 활성화되기 전에 개발되어 현재까지 대부분의 도서관 불안 연구에서 측정도구로 사용된 Bostick(1992)의 도서관불안척도(Library Anxiety Scale: LAS)를 분석하면서 디지털 도서관 환경에서의 변화(예: 디지털 참고 정보봉사, 원격 이용의 증가, 서지교육에서 정보이용교육으로의 질적 전환 등)를 충분히 수용하지 못하고 있는 그 도구의 한계점을 파악한 후, 이 논의를 토대로 정보이용과 관련된 불안을 측정할 수 있는 새로운 도구개발의 필요성과 방향을 제시하고자 하였다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2000

In this article, the removal of surfactant by ozone and BAC was studied. Batch and pilot tests were carried out for these studies. In batch tests, efficiency of ozone oxidation process was evaluated for LAS(Linear Alkylbenzen Sulfonate) and SLS(Sodium Lauryl Sulfate) removal. Under oxidant conditions, the removal of LAS was more effective than that of SLS. The removal of surfactant was more enhanced with increasing pH in oxidant systems. Pilot tests are carried out with BAC single process and ozone oxidation/BAC combined process. The removal of LAS was more effective in ozone oxidation/BAC combined process than BAC single process about 10-20%. In the case of SLS, the efficiency of BAC single process was similar to that of ozone oxidation BAC combined process. According to temperature, the removal efficiency of SLS changed from 70% to 95% and initial concentration of surfactant had no effects on removal efficiency of SLC under applied temperature above $15^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.207-221
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• 2005

The proliferation of wireless local area networks (WLANs) offering high data rate in hot spot area have spurred the demand for possible WLANs and third-generation (3G) cellular network integration solutions as the initiative step towards 4G systems. This paper provides a novel architecture for seamless location-aware integration of WLANs into 3G cellular networks and also an analysis for the efficient handover techniques. We introduce location as a key context in secure roaming mechanism for context-aware interworking in 4G systems. The fast secure roaming with location-aware authentication is implemented at an entity called location-aware service (LAS) broker that utilizes the concepts of direction of user and pre-warming zone. The location-ware interworking architecture supports seamless roaming services among heterogeneous wireless networks including WLANs, wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs), and 3G cellular networks. This paper also includes a description of procedures needed to implement efficient mobility and location management. We show how the LAS broker with pre-warming and context transfer can obtain significant lower latency in the vertical handover.