• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.251-284
• /
• 2010

Through specific cases, this article examines the causes and measures to overcome cultural divergences most frequently encountered by Koreans living in Vietnam and Korean-contacting Vietnamese in terms of mode of communication, mode of living and mode of doing business. Historical reality proves that Vietnam and Korea have a lot in common in history, culture and society, due to the influence from the Chinese culture on both countries. However, each country has its own acculturation, hence, there exist, apart from the normal dissimilarities, differences between the two countries especially in natural environment andpolitical systems. As a result, in Vietnam, Koreans and Vietnamese have met with quite a lot of divergences in communication, business and living activities. In order to overcome these cultural divergences, in addition to the ceaseless efforts made by Koreans in Vietnam and Korean-contacting Vietnamese, there should be concern, assistance as well as cooperation between the people and the authorities of the two countries. We should draw lessons from the groundless or trivial affairs which, springing from the Chinese people's dislike for Koreans, have been blown up and disseminated on the internet; where by we are to reconsider the relationship between Koreans and Vietnamese. What is more, Korea still feels historically ashamed to have sent nearly 350,000 soldiers to the wa rin Vietnam for economic purposes in the past. As our predecessors brought about that historic shame to get bread for our fatherland in exchange, our generation today should approach Vietnam out of a sense of responsibility towards history. Having experienced a period of economic difficulties, Vietnam innovated and started its open-door policy in 1987. However, this event should not be regarded as the reason for us to approach Vietnam with only one rigid economic principle.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2022

This study was carried out to compare the DMY (dry matter yield) of IRG (Italian ryegrass) in the southern coastal regions of Korea due to seasonal climate scenarios such as the Kaul-Changma (late monsoon) in autumn, extreme winter cold, and drought in the next spring. The IRG data (n = 203) were collected from various Reports for Collaborative Research Program to Develop New Cultivars of Summer Crops in Jeju, 203 Namwon, and Yeungam from the Rural Development Administration - (en DASH). In order to define the seasonal climate scenarios, climate variables including temperature, humidity, wind, sunshine were used by collected from the Korean Meteorological Administration. The discriminant analysis based on 5% significance level was performed to distinguish normal and abnormal climate scenarios. Furthermore, the DMY comparison was simulated based on the information of sample distribution of IRG. As a result, in the southern coastal regions, only the impact of next spring drought on DMY of IRG was critical. Although the severe winter cold was clearly classified from the normal, there was no difference in DMY. Thus, the DMY comparison was simulated only for the next spring drought. Under the yield comparison simulation, DMY (kg/ha) in the normal and drought was 14,743.83 and 12,707.97 respectively. It implies that the expected damage caused by the spring drought was about 2,000 kg/ha. Furthermore, the predicted DMY of spring drought was wider and slower than that of normal, indicating on high variability. This study is meaningful in confirming the predictive DMY damage and its possibility by spring drought for IRG via statistical simulation considering seasonal climate scenarios.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.88-94
• /
• 2023

This study was conducted to analyze and compare the dry matter yield of Italian ryegrass (IRG) cultivated under monoculture and mixed culture system to recommend suitable varieties that can be cultivated. Italian ryegrass cultivars, Green Fram (GF, extremely early-maturing), Kowinearly (KE, early-maturing), Kowinmaster (KM, mild-maturing), and Hwasan 104 (H104, late-maturing), were used for mono or mixed cultivation. The average monthly temperature in Cheonan over the past 30 years tended to be similar, but that in November and March are judged to be abnormal weather. The dry matter yield of GF+H104 was significantly higher during harvest than that of GF (p<0.05). The dry matter yields of KE and KE+KM were significantly higher during harvest than the output standards of KE and KM. There was no significant difference between the dry matter yield of H104 and KM (p>0.05), but KM had the highest yield of 16,763.1 kg/ha. Analysis showed that the highest dry matter yield during IRG harvest was obtained under monoculture and KE+KM mixed culture. Because the occurrence frequency of abnormal weather such as drought during spring is increasing recently, it is judged that IRG cultivation using early and middle growth is necessary to prepare for abnormal weather.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2020.12a
• /
• pp.267-277
• /
• 2020

The present research evaluates the public engagement approach in various project stages. Hong Kong had long been criticized as top-down and executive-led jurisdiction by overlooking the importance of cultural heritage and public concerns on public projects. It was suggested to the government to engage public and provide sufficient public consultation. Thereby, the government announced a series of revitalization and conversion measures in Policy Address in 2008. To carry out the measures, there were voices, because of diverse and sometimes conflicting interests, over the effect of revitalization project. On the other hand, studies reveal that there are benefits of revitalization and enhancement of public engagement approach. In pursuit of the subject, the present research aims at studying the Central Market as a case study pilot project. In October 2009, the Policy Address announced that the Central Market be revitalized. Tasked to implement the project, Urban Renewal Authority (URA) continued to adopt the people-oriented approach as the guiding principle in its core business and in heritage preservation and revitalization so as to create a sustainable development. Between government and the public, URA acts as a bridge for communication. As between URA and the public, URA conducted public consultation, set up an ad-hoc committee in January 2016 to be in charge of the project and will continuously inform the government and public with the updates and project progress. The main objectives of the present research are to assess the advantages and challenges in different stages of public engagement approach, to evaluate the engagement system, to give a comprehensive view for participation of stakeholders, and to find out effective strategies to enhance civil engagement. Research was achieved through interviews to key persons in the project, questionnaire that was distributed to community and experts in the field. Case Study of the Central Market was studied and investigated using different sources, such as newspapers, journals, etc, to evaluate the degree of public engagement in the project. Both detailed qualitative methodological approaches of interview, questionnaire, and case study, act as a synergy to demonstrate the research objectives and provide the comprehensive perceptions on the revitalization project. The results show that public participants in revitalized project have generated considerable value enhancements to social-cultural, environmental, political and economic aspect. This study provides valuable insights that the public participation can make positive contribution to sustainability in the city. The findings indicate that no any single system is flawless therefore seeking both public opinions and professional advices are also important as a comprehensive approach to achieve higher sustainability of the building.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.415-426
• /
• 2023

In this study, the horizontal and vertical structure of wind speed and wind direction were analyzed at the origin of migratory insect pests in China. Wind rose analysis was carried out using the Land-Atmosphere Modeling Package (LAMP) - WRF data, which has the spatiotemporal resolution of about 20 km and 1 hour intervals. Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) was employed for backward trajectory analysis between South Korea and Southeastern China with Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS). The research interest date is July 16, when rice planthopper and leafhopper were observed at the same time. In order to examine where a jet stream occurs in the vertical in source regions and South Korea during the period (July 8 to July 17 in 2021), three-dimensional wind information was extracted and analyzed using the east-west, north-south, and vertical component wind data of the LAM P. The vertical distribution of wind showed that the wind changed in favor of the inflow of migratory insect pests during the period. As a result of analyzing the wind rose, about 30% or more of the wind at a point close to South Korea was classified into the low-level jet stream. In addition, majority of the wind directions for the low-level jet streams (rather than high-level jet streams) at the five origin sites were heading toward South Korea and even Japan, and this was supported by the HYSPLIT-based backward trajectory analysis.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.287-292
• /
• 2016

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of harvesting time of rice on growth characteristics and dry matter yields of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., IRG) 'Kowinearly' after seeding them in paddy field. Experiments were performed in National Institute of Animal Science, RDA (Cheonan, Choongcheongnam-do province of Korea) for four years (2011~2014). Italian ryegrass variety 'Kowinearly' was seeded at experimental paddy fields before rice harvest in late September. Rice were harvested at 10, 20, and 30 days after seeding of IRG. As the harvest time of rice became later, the number of tillering before winter was reduced and IRG plant length before winter was shorter. The dry matter yield of IRG was also reduced. When rice were harvested at 20 days and 30 days after sowing of IRG compared to the rice harvested in autumn at 10 days after sowing of IRG, the number of tillering for IRG before winter was decreased by an average of 19% and 40%, respectively. The winter survival ratio of IRG was decreased by an average of 13% and 19%, respectively. Their dry matter yields were also reduced by an average of 8% and 19%, respectively. The heading date was different from each other in three years. The plant length at the time of IRG harvest in the spring was not significantly different among treatment groups. Taken together, our results suggest that when Italian ryegrass is grown in paddy fields by the method of 'seeding of IRG before rice harvest', rice should be harvested as soon as possible after sowing of IRG 'Kowinearly' in the autumn to increase forage productivity.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.103-110
• /
• 2015

In this study, we evaluated the fatty acid composition and physiological activities of oils extracted from eight types of seeds, pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), green tea (Camellia sinensis L.), perilla (Perilla frutescens var. japonica Hara), peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), cotton (Gossypium indicum LAM.), sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), walnut (Juglans regia L.), and safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). The composition and quality analysis showed that the oils were potentially suitable for foo-grade applications. The composition analysis showed that the oils were mostly composed of unsaturated fatty acids including linoleic acid and oleic acid. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, green pepper, perilla, and peanut seed oils inhibited lipid accumulation, and green pepper, perilla, peanut, sesame, walnut, and safflower seed oils induced leptin secretion. These results show that the inhibitory effect of edible seed oils on lipid accumulation, and induction of leptin secretion may be useful for obesity management.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.295-300
• /
• 2008

This experiment was conducted to compare forage production and feed value of winter forage crops at the experimental field of Livestock Division, National Institute of Animal Science from 2003 to 2004 in Jeju. The experiment was arranged in slit plot design with three replications. Main plots consisted of two cutting times, one time cutting and two times cutting. Sub plots consisted of 5 different seed combinations, T1 (Italian ryegrass), T2 (Oat), T3 (Italian ryegrass 25+Oat 75%), T4 (Italian ryegrass 50+Oat 50%), T5 (Italian ryegrass 75+Oat 25%). One time cutting showed the highest dry matter (DM) yield by 18,680 kg/ha. Tow times cutting showed the highest crude protein (CP) content by 11.97%. The all treatments have narrow range of total digestible nutrient (TDN) from 60.6% to 70.4%.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.226-234
• /
• 1984

In order ti find out the optimum seeding time(OST) and optimum seed rate(OSR) of Italian ryegrass on seed production, this studies with tetraploid cv. Tetrone were carried out on the experimental field of Livestock Experiment Station. Treatments included seed rates of 1, 2, 3 and 4 kg per 10a and combined with seeding time on 20, 30 Aug, 9, 19 and 29, September 1983. Seeds were sown in rows 50 cm apart and were spaced in a continuous line with width of 15 cm within the rows. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Autumn tillers could be classified into three groups from winter-killing point of view, namely winter-killing completely, damaged growing point only and living tillers. 2. The young inflorescence-bearing stem in Italian ryegrass which were sown earlier than 9. September were more susceptible to winter killing. Tiller buds in those stems which originated from an axillary buds at the stem base within senescent leaf-sheaths emerged lately in spring, and consequently heading was delayed, culm length shortened and seed yield reduced. 3. Tiller buds which originated from damaged growing point only and living tillers in moderate shoots emerged early in spring and those tillers became mainly spike-bearing culm. 4. The emergence-time of tillers influenced on culm-, spike- length and ripenness more than seeding time and seed rate. 5. Seed yield was mostly affected by the number of spikes per unit area. 6. For the safety of over-wintering and enough spikes on seed production, OST and OSR at Suweon were the last part of September and 2-3 kg per 10a, respectively. Especially OSR was 2 kg per 10a for early and 3 kg per 10a for late OST.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.45-55
• /
• 1990

This study describes on the erosion control effects of the several grasses and its mixtures for the man-made slopes. The grasses used for this experiment include cool-season grasses such as Festuca rubra L. (Creeping redfescue), Poa pratensis L. (Kentucky bluegrass), Lolium perenne L. (Perenial ryegrass), Lolium multiflorum LAM. (Italian ryegrass), Festuca arundinacea Schrel. (Tall fescue), and warm-season grasses such as Eragrostis curvula Schrad. (Weeping lovegrass), Zoysia japonica Steud. (Zoysiass) and native plants (Artemisia princeps var. orientalis Hara, Lespedeza cuneata G. Don, Arundinella hirta var. ciliata K.) This study was conducted at Dan-kook University from April, 1988 to Octover, 1989. The results are summurized as follows; 1.Cool-season grasses covered the ground quickly in early stage, and weekened slowly during sumer season. Warm-season grasses and native-plants covered the ground slowly in early stage, but during summer season they grew vigorously, so outweighed cool season grasses. 2. The amount of aboveground growth of weeping locearass and underground growth of Artemisia prinoepts are quite differant from others. Since Arumdinella hirta has deep root system, it is thought to very useful protection of unstable for hrdro-seeding. Because cool-season grasses are useful for quick coverage, and native plants or warm-season grow well during summer season with the better compatability to weeds. 3.Mixture III(cool-season and warm-season grasses), mixtureIV(native spp. and Italian ruegrass), and mixtureV(native spp.) resulted in better control of erosion control on man-made slopes. Native spp. has equivallent capacity of erosion control compared to several foreign grasses.