• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.193-228
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• 2022

This study investigates the production and perception of Vietnamese tones by Japanese, Lao, and Taiwanese second language (L2) learners [n=30], comparing their performance in an Imitation task to that of Identification and Read-Aloud tasks. The results show that the Imitation task is generally easier for L2 speakers than the Identification and Read-Aloud tasks, suggesting that imitation is performed without some of the skills required by the other two tasks. It is also found that Lao and Taiwanese speakers outperform Japanese speakers, suggesting that prior experience with one tone language facilitates the acquisition of tone in another language. The result on speakers' tonal range show that L2 leaners have significantly narrower tonal F0 range than control Vietnamese speakers [n=11]. The results of error pattern analysis and tonal transcription also suggest that non-modal voice (glottal stop and creakiness) and contour tones (bidirectional fall-rise) are more difficult for L2 learners than modal voice tones (e.g., unidirectional contours: rising, falling, and level).

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

This study investigated the influences of probabilistic accessibility of the word being produced - as determined by its usage frequency and neighborhood density - on native and high-proficiency L2 speakers' realization of six English monophthong vowels. The native group hyperarticulated the vowels over an expanded acoustic space when the vowel occurred in words with low frequency and high density, supporting the claim that vowel forms are modified in accordance with the probabilistic accessibility of words. However, temporal expansion occurred in words with greater accessibility (i.e., with high frequency and low density) as an effect of low phonotactic probability in low-density words, particularly in attended speech. This suggests that temporal modification in the opposite direction may be part of the phonetic characteristics that are enhanced in communicatively driven focus realization. Conversely, none of these spectral and temporal patterns were found in the L2 group, thereby indicating that even the high-proficiency L2 speakers may not have developed experience-based sensitivity to the modulation of sub-categorical phonetic details indexed with word-level probabilistic information. The results are discussed with respect to how phonological representations are shaped in a word-specific manner for the sake of communicatively driven lexical intelligibility, and what factors may contribute to the lack of native-like sensitivity in L2 speech.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.19-31
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• 2015

In this study, seasonal customs are analyze the appropriate festival for each 24 seasonal divisions of the year. Recover the intrinsic value of the festival and selected the target villages and each village should investigate elements of the festival. The village were sought activation of a rural village by setting the festive season. (1) 24 seasonal divisions of the year festival is a small town festival, the festival's program is based on the experience-oriented. Based on period seasonal customs and season plays are set up 24 seasonal divisions of the year festival's program. (2) Survey area is the rural tourism village carried seven villages at Cheongju-si in Chungcheongbuk-do. (3) 24 seasonal divisions of the year festival establish as possible to the festival program is based on 24 seasonal divisions of the yearfestival seasonal customs, seven villages were set on the festival. on the season sesipung through the festive season as possible to the festival program was set up, seven villages were set on the festival. The first standard, festivals and events that are currently made. Second,now ongoing in the village is experience program and a 24 seasonal divisions of the year seasonal customs resource. (4) As a result, each period of the festival was set in the village. (5) By festival setting recover intrinsic value of the festival by taking advantage of 24 seasonal divisions of the year. The common interests of the rural town of experience, the rising interest in each town and village festivals activation of the network can be achieved.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.704-715
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• 2014

This study was performed to examine attitude, perception, and sensory evaluation of Jjigae HMR (Home Meal Replacement) for Americans in the L.A. area. Attitude and perception of Jjigae were conducted by 128 consumers. The questions were as follows: 1) frequencies and attitude toward soup and stew, 2) experience and frequency of Korean food intake, 3) awareness of Korean Jjigae. A total of 69.5% of American had previous experience with Korean foods. However, the frequencies of Korean food intake were once every few months (27.4%) or once a year (18.9%). The 20.2% of consumers selected Kimchi-jjigae as the best-known Korean Jjigae, and 17.1% of consumers had previous experience with Kimchi-jjigae. However, the 23.7% of consumers did not have experienced with Jjigae. Sensory evaluation was conducted using Sundubu-jjigae and Kimchi jjigae. Overall liking and flavor liking were conducted by Americans using a nine-point scale (1: Dislike extremely - 9: Like extremely). The degree of intensity for sensory attribute was also rated using a nine-point Just-About-Right(JAR) scale (1: not nearly spicy/sour enough, 5: Just-About-Right, 9: too spicy/sour). Purchasing intention was rated using a five-point scale (1: Definitely would not purchase, 5: Definitely would purchase). Overall liking and flavor liking of two jjigae (Sundubu-jjigae & Kimchi-jjigae) had a value higher than five on the nine-point scale. The level of spiciness of Sundubu-jjigae was suitable for consumers whereas spiciness of Kimchi-jjigae was significantly different from the JAR value of five points on the nine-point JAR scale, showing that Kimchi-jjigae was significantly spicier than JAR point. Purchasing intention had a value higher than three on the five-point scale.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.753-766
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the cases of the family head's costume culture and to apply them to field experience education of adolescent's home economics subject. To examine the family head's costume culture, women in the family head in the Hampyeong area, Jeollanam-do were selected and interviewed. The focus of examining the family head's costume culture was on the life story of the family head, the reason to wear or possess such costume, and a motive of making. The findings of the head family's costume culture suggests that the head family of the Mos of Hampyeong had unique shroud making and custom. Also it was found that the eldest daughters-in-law of the Lees of Hampyeong have horizontally exchanged the information of the family head's costume with village women of the same family. They have initiated their costume culture directly through their daughters and it had the great influence on after-ages. The learning program for youth to experience the head family's costume culture consisted of four subjects:(l)Educating the family head's traditional living culture including etiquette training, (2)head family village walk, (3)experiencing the family head's clothes life including natural dyeing and sewing, and (4)a field trip of Hampyeong Local Life Culture Museum. For a model experience of the family head's costume life culture, three families with middle and high schoolers participated in 8- hour experience learning program. To examine the effect of learning program to experience the family head's costume culture, youth and their parents who participated in the program were asked open-ended questions, which included the content validity of experience learning, impressive experience, model experience level(difficulty), and expected effect after a model experience. As a result, their responses were found positive.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.341-348
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• 2019

Purpose: Severe burn injuries require long periods of hospitalization and treatment, which results in various physical and psychological issues. The main purpose of this study was to identify burn characteristics and psychological problems that influence Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) after discharge. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study using mobile/web or paper-based survey methods was conducted from a major burn center. A total of 145 patients completed the scar assessment, quality of life, sleep disorders, and depression scales. Results: The overall mean HRQoL and scar status scores were 2.28 out of 5 and 34.45 out of 60 points, respectively. Participants with higher burn degree, joint involvement, and emotional distress reported significantly lower HRQoL and scar status. Participants with depression and sleep problems also had lower HRQoL. Significant predictors of HRQoL included burn range, scar status, depression, and sleep issues. Conclusion: The results show that patients with severe burn injury experience high levels of physical and psychological problems. Patients with severe burn injury and psychological problems such as depression and sleep are likely to experience a reduced HRQoL. Psychological management and intervention in home care setting may improve HRQoL of burn patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.321-330
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• 2003

Purpose: This was to describe the emotions that patients face when diagnosed with cancer to know the problems and coping styles that cancer patients experience during the treatment. Method: The qualitative method was used for this study. The participants were 90 cancer patients at five general hospital in Pusan, Korea. Data were collected by interviews with a semi-structured questionnaire from November 2000 to June 2001, and were analyzed using the modified constant comparative method. Result: The most common emotions on the diagnosis of cancer were shock(36.7%), followed by despair(25.6%), acceptance(24.4%), denial(l8.9%), complaint(16.7%), and fear(8.9%). The problems identified were the unpleasantness and physical discomfort related with the treatment(50.0%), the feelings of burden(41.1%), finance/occupation(38.8%), and fear of the future(26.6%). Coping styles to problems that the subjects have faced on the course of the treatment were compliance(36.6%), health care(31.l %), positive thinking(22.2%), despair/avoidance( 15.5%), seeking social support( 6.6%), information seeking(3.3%) and self-control(2.2%). Conclusion: It is very important to develop nursing interventions which can mitigate shock that patients experience, can help cancer patients to have hope for the future and to positively cope with cancer.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.70-75
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• 2015

Along with the recent trend of improved survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has become a significant outcome measure and its improvement is an important goal. The most widely adopted CRC specific HRQoL questionnaires are the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Qualityof-Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-CR38) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT-C). CRC survivors without serious comorbidity or recurrence experience only minor deficits of overall HRQoL when compared to the general population. However, disease recurrence, progression, and more specific limitations, including weight loss, reduction in energy, and psychosocial problems like psychological distress and depression, could result in lower HRQoL. To improve HRQoL, further research is required to develop appropriate health education regarding lifestyle changes and personalized intervention strategies for CRC survivors.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.11-22
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• 2014

In this study, the objectives are to provide rural experience tourism village business courses and development direction in between individual farmers and the village in base on rural development business of Hapjeon-village. The developmental process of a farm-stay village can be categorized into the period of six stages: 1) a conception stage 2) an adoption stage 3) a growth stage 4) an expansion stage 5) a stagnation stage 6) a recovery stage. Farm Stay Villages, Individual Farmhouses or Producer Groups can be placed in four different quadrant areas of a graph, depending on the pursuing direction and results of core values by having the X-axis for economic factors (public profits, individual profits) and by having the Y-axis for emotional factors (self-actualization, conflicts). The first quadrant area is designated for ideal individual farmhouses and producer groups for having achieved the status of economic self-reliant and high emotional satisfaction. The second quadrant is for ideal self-actualized communal villages having achieved the independent public interest and public profitable status. The third quadrant is reserved for villages experiencing communal conflicts and no economic self-reliant stagnant status. The fourth guardant area is allocated for individual farmhouses and producer groups having achieved self-reliant economic status, yet having communal conflicts. Using the aforementioned concept, the government shall design village development projects and prepare realistic and achievable goals and place them in as a systematic device in future projects.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.174-184
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the current status of end-of-life (EoL) care education of the undergraduate nursing curriculum and senior students' EoL care experience and competency. Methods: A survey was conducted with 41 nursing schools and 622 senior nursing students on June 2018. The questionnaire consisted of 38 items on teaching regarding EoL care and 17 items on EoL care competencies based on the suggestions made by the American Nurses Association. Results: Only 20% among 41 nursing schools opened an EoL care course as an elective, and the course was taken by 5.1% students. Of 622 students, 70.7% witnessed death of patients during their clinical training, but 74.8% received no or little education on EoL care from their clinical training instructors. Two of 38 education contents on EoL care were taught in class for over 80% of the students. All students scored below 3 points (2.31±0.66) for all 17 competencies, which means that they cannot perform EoL care. Conclusion: This study showed that there was a serious deficiency in undergraduate nursing education on EoL care. Accordingly, most nursing students who would graduate soon considered themselves incapable of performing EoL care. Nurses experience death and dying as a part of their practice and should be prepared to provide adequate EoL care. Therefore, it is urgent to improve EoL care training in the undergraduate nursing education.