• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.434-441
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• 2007

Objectives : Peripheral neurodegeneration occurs in diabetes mellitus (DM), both sensory and motor nerve. but we don't know exactly if DM affects central nerve pathway for all studies. Electrophysiologic study is one of the most important diagnostic tools for diabetic neuropathy. Electroneurography and electromyography are usually used. but evoked potentials (EP) is more sensitive to small nerve fiber damages and useful for central nerve evaluation in addition to peripheral nerves. Most diabetic neuropathy studies by EP have been performed with somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP). In contrast, the objective of this study is to investigate if DM targets central motor neurons by assessing the relation between fasting blood sugar (FBS) and motor evoked potentials (MEP) latency. Methods : We inspected the medical records of 34 patients who had MEP tests during admitting days. The latency from cervical portion to abductor pollicis brevis was used as peripheral motor conduction time (PMCT). and the latency from vertex to cervical portion was used as central motor conduction time (CMCT). Then, they were correlated to FBS using correlation analysis. Results : There was a significant linear relation between FBS and PMCT (Pearson's correlation coefficient r=0.487, p<0.01), but a poor linear relation between FBS and CMCT (Pearson's correlation coefficient r=-0.l97. p>0.05). Conclusions : This study suggests that prolonged latencies of MEP in DM may be due to peripheral neuropathy rather than dysfunction of central motor pathway. therefore the clinical use of MEP to diabetic neuropathy has to be divided segmentally.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1029-1037
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• 2021

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate effects of antifungal substance and carboxylesterase-producing inoculant on fermentation indices and rumen degradation kinetics of whole crop rice (WCR) silage ensiled at different dry matter (DM) contents. Methods: Dual-purpose inoculants, Lactobacillus brevis 5M2 and Lactobacillus buchneri 6M1, confirmed both activities of antifungal and carboxylesterase in the previous study. The WCR at mature stage was chopped, and then wilted to obtain three different DM contents consisting of 35.4%, 43.6%, and 51.5%. All WCR forages were applied distilled water (CON) or mixed inoculants with 1:1 ratio at 1×105 colony forming unit/g (INO), and ensiled into 20 L mini silo (5 kg) in quadruplicates for 108 d. Results: The INO silages had lower lactate (p<0.001) and butyrate (p = 0.022) with higher acetate (p<0.001) and propionate (p<0.001) than those of CON silages. Ammonia-N (p<0.001), lactate (tendency; p = 0.068), acetate (p = 0.030), and butyrate (p<0.001) concentrations of INO silages decreased linearly with increasing DM content of WCR forage. The INO silages presented higher lactic acid bacteria (p<0.001) with lower molds (p<0.001) than those of CON silages. Yeasts (p = 0.042) and molds (p = 0.046) of WCR silages decreased linearly with increasing DM content of WCR forage. In the rumen, INO silages had higher the total degradable fraction (p<0.001), total volatile fatty acid (tendency; p = 0.097), and acetate (p = 0.007), but lower the fractional degradation rate (p = 0.011) and propionate (p<0.001) than those of CON silage. The total degradable fraction (p<0.001), total volatile fatty acid (p = 0.001), iso-butyrate (p = 0.036), and valerate (p = 0.008) decreased linearly with increasing DM content of WCR forage, while the lag phase (p<0.001) was increased linearly. Conclusion: This study concluded that application of dual-purpose inoculants on WCR silage confirmed antifungal and carboxylesterase activities by inhibiting mold and improving rumen digestibility, while increase of wilting times decreased organic acids production and rumen digestibility.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.76-85
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• 2021

Crassostrea gigas were fermented using L. brevis BJ20 to prepare fermented oyster extract (FO). The participants of this study were randomly assigned to FO and placebo (CON) groups. The FO group was given 1.0 g of FO supplementation and the CON group was given sucrose each day for eight weeks. The effects of FO supplementation on body composition, muscula r strength, and blood factors associated with muscle growth were assessed. The FO supplement was enriched with arginine (6,183.3 mg), phenylalanine (217.9 mg), leucine (122.6 mg), isoleucine (59.8 mg), valine (16.4 mg), and γ-amino butyric acid (GABA, 1,053.7 mg). The total fat was significantly decreased in the FO group compared with the CON group (p < 0.05). 60D/S Ext.T/Wo rk and 60D/S Flex.T/Work concomitantly with 60D/S Flex.PeakTQ/BW were significantly increase d by FO treatment compared to CON group (p < 0.05). However, posture stability was not significa ntly different between the groups. The levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme were significantly decreased within the FO group (p < 0.05). The FO group showed significantly decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and increased levels of human growth hormone compared with the CON group (p < 0.01). The levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 increased (p < 0.01) in the FO group while that of creatine kinase and triglyceride decreased significantly compared with the CON group (p < 0.05). These results demonstrated that FO supplementation is effective in preventing sarcopenic obesity and maintaining and strengthening muscular function in elderly wom en. Hence, FO supplements can be used as functional ingredients for these benefits.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.741-751
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• 2010

M. pilosus를 액침배양하여 얻은 균사체의 ethanol 추출물(MEM)과 그 배양여액(CFM)의 monacolin K 및 citrinin 함량과 항산화 및 항균활성을 조사하였다. MEM과 CFM 동결건조 분말의 수율은 4.02% 및 3.35% 이었다. 색소함량($OD_{500}$)은 MEM (0.79)이 CFM (0.63)보다 25%가 높았으나 시판홍국미 에탄올추출물(EERB) 0.87 보다는 낮았으며 L*값, a*값, b*값 및 hue angle의 결과와 일치하였다. Total monacolin K의 함량은 MEM (24.91 mg%)이 CFM (1.27mg%) 및 EERB (15.03 mg%)에 비하여 높았으나 활성형 monacolin K의 함량은 EERB (5.48 mg%), MEM (3.35 mg%), CFM (0.40 mg%)으로 EERB가 높았다. Citrinin은 모든 시료에서 검출되지 않았다. Total polyphenol 함량은 MEM (4.68%, w/w), CFM (4.29%, w/w), EERB (3.70%, w/w)로 MEM과 CFM에서 높았다. 그러나 total flavonoid 함량은 EERB(4.46%, w/w), MEM(0.64%, w/w), CFM (0.66%, w/w)으로 EERB에서 높았다. 총 항산화능은 CFM이 3.51%(w/w)로 MEM (2.74%, w/w) 및 EERB (1.69%, w/w)보다 높았다. 1%에서의 전자공여능은 MEM (72.25%), CFM (86.20%), BHT (72.25%), EERB (44.82%)로 MEM과 CFM이 BHT보다 높거나 유사하였으며, 환원력도 비슷한 결과를 나타내었다. SOD 유사활성은 MEM (39.85%) > BHT (37.68%) > EERB (26.70%) > CFM (21.35%)순이었으며 아질산염소거능은 CFM (79.42%) > EERB (74.37%) > MEM (62.78%) > BHT (48.46%) 이었다. TBARS(%)는 MEM이 BHT보다 다소 낮았으나 CFM과 EERB보다 높았다. B. brevis와E. coli에 대한 항균성은 CFM이 MEM보다 높았으며 B. subtilis, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. enteritidis에 대한 항균성은 MEM이 CFM보다 높았으나 EERB 및 BHT 경우보다는 낮았다.