• Title/Summary/Keyword: L$^1$ 평면

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Shortest Paths on the L$_1$ Plane with a Transportation Network (도로망이 설치된 L$_1$평면에서의 최단경로 문제)

  • 배상원;좌경룡
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2004.10a
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    • pp.724-726
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    • 2004
  • 본 논문에서는 L$_1$평면상에 도로망이 주어져 있어서 여행자들이 그 도로들을 이용하여 더욱 빠르게 이동할 수 있는 가정 하에서 가장 기초적인 기하문제 중에 하나인 두 점 사이의 최단 경로를 찾는 문제를 다룬다. 이 때, 두 점 사이의 거리는 L$_1$ 거리가 아닌 주어진 도로들을 이용하여 두 점 사이를 이동할 때 필요한 최소시간으로 측정한다. 단순한 평면상에서의 최단경로와는 달리 도로망이 설치되어 있는 경우는 그것을 해결하기가 일반적으로 쉽지 않다. 본 논문에서는 도로망이 있는 평면에 대한 깊은 관찰과 이해를 통해 도로망이 설치되어 있는 L$_1$ 평면상에서의 최단경로 문제를 해결하는 효율적인 알고리즘을 제시한다. 덧붙여, 본 논문에서 제시하는 문제 해결 방법은 L$_1$ 평면뿐만 아니라 유클리드 평면에도 어렵지 않게 적용할 수 있으며 보로노이 다이어그램으로의 일반화도 간단하다.

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Finding Shortest Paths in L$^1$ Plane with Parallel Roads (평행한 도로들을 포함하는 L$^1$ 평면상에서의 최단경로 탐색)

  • Kim, Jae-Hoon;Kim, Soo-Hwan
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.716-719
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    • 2005
  • We present an algorithm for finding shortest paths in the L$_1$ plane with a transportation network. The transportation network consists of parallel line segments, called highways, through which a movement gets faster. Given a source point s, our algorithm constructs a Shortest Path Map(SPM) such that for any query point t, we can find the length of a shortest path form s to t in O(log n) time. We design a plane sweep-like algorithm computing SPM in O(nlog n) time.

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Post-treatment stability of the occlusal plane according to different vertical facial patterns (수직적 안모유헝에 따른 치료 후 교합평면 안정성에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Jung-Eun;Lee, Jin-Woo;Chung, Dong-Hwa;Cha, Kyung-Suk
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.36 no.5
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    • pp.369-379
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    • 2006
  • Objective: The purpose of this study was to find changes in the occlusal plane related to different vertical facial patterns and suggest treatment goals and conduct possible treatment mechanisms. Methods: 60 adult patients (28 males, 32 females) who had been diagnosed as Class 1 skeletal malocclusion and treated without extraction were selected. Patients were divided into three groups; short face type (group 1), average face type (group 2) and long face type (group 3), using the data on normal occlusion of Korean adults. Results: The results were achieved by analyzing cephalometric tracings of each group at pre-treatment, end-treatment and post-treatment (about 1 year recall check). The inclination of the occlusion plane tends to gradually increase as the face becomes longer In group 1, COP-X, FOP-X, L6/L1, MP-L6 were significantly decreased, and L1-FOP was significantly increased during the retention period (T3-T2). Group 2 showed no significant change, In group 3, FOP-X was significantly increased during the retention period (T3-T2). During the retention period, FOP-X showed significant change among each group, especially between group 1 and group 3. Conclusion: These results suggest that changes of occlusal plane inclination according to facial vertical pattern need to be considered during the retention period for intrusion, extrusion, and incisor overbite.

Design of an Anti-Jamming Five-Element Planar GPS Array Antenna (재밍대응 5소자 평면 GPS 배열 안테나 설계)

  • Seo, Seung Mo
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.628-636
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    • 2014
  • This paper describes the design and analysis of five-element planar array antenna of an anti-jamming satellite navigation system. We propose a design of multi-layer patch antenna for Global Positioning System(GPS) $L_1/L_2$ dual bands. The proposed antenna has two ports feeding network with a hybrid chip coupler for a broad bandwidth with Right-Handed Circular Polarization(RHCP). The measurement results show the bore-sight gains of 1.10 dBic($L_1$) and 0.37 dBic($L_2$) for the center element. The bore-sight gains of an edge element are 0.99 dBic($L_1$) and -0.57 dBic($L_2$). At a fixed elevation angle of $30^{\circ}$, antennas show average gains of -2.08 dBic ($L_1$) and -5.33 dBic($L_2$) for the center element, and average gains of -0.40 dBic($L_1$) and -2.09 dBic($L_2$) for the edge elements. The results demonstrate that the proposed array antenna is suitable for anti-jamming applications.

Calculation of Shielding Rate and Dose Distribution of Space of L-Block-Type Protective Equipment for Radioactive Fluorine using the Monte Carlo Method (몬테칼로 방법을 이용한 방사성 불소에 대한 L-블럭형 방호장비의 차폐율 및 공간의 선량분포 계산)

  • Han, Dong-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.813-819
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    • 2021
  • In this study, the shielding rate of L-block-type shielding equipment used for radiation protection when radioactive fluorine is injected into the human body and the dose distribution of the space in the injection room were calculated using the Monte Carlo method. The shielding rate of the body and window parts of the L-block-type shielding equipment was 99.99%. The dose distribution calculated at a distance of 1 m was relatively high at 135°, 45°, 225°, 315°, and 180° of the XZ plane, and was calculated to be very low at 0°, 90°, and 270°. In the YZ plane, it was relatively high at 135°, 180°, and 225°, and was calculated very low at the remaining angles. The AZ and BZ planes also showed similar results to the YZ plane. In addition, it was confirmed that the shielding rate was the best in the range of 225° to 315° through the dose distribution in the horizontal direction of the source and the 45° direction above the source. These results can be used as basic data necessary for radiation protection of radiation workers.

The Design of 800MHz Band Repeater Antenna for Ship Base Station Application (선박기지국 응용을 위한 800MHz 대역 중계기용 안테나 설계)

  • Kim, Kab-Ki
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.219-222
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    • 2007
  • In this paper, we have designed microstrip antenna of 800[MHz] band. It will be able to integrate TRS(Trunked Radio System), GSM(Global System for Mobile telecommunication) band including the CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access) band. we designed repeater and a base station antenna which is possible at the ship and marine of safety. It is improves a narrow bandwidth problem of microstrip antenna. It had L-shaped feeding structure at a rectangular patch and added the parallel L-slot that used a duplex resonance effect. Also for the improvement of profit the stack with the perpendicular. Designed frequency bandwith(VSWR 2:1) of the antenna showed good characteristic of 789${\sim}$1046[MHz] to 292[MHz](36%). Also the E-plan and H-plan all profit 6.4[dBi] above, the 3[dB] beam width showed the characteristic over the E-plan $44.7^{\circ} and H-plan $61.8^{\circ} to be improved.

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Generation of 3D Building Model by Grouping of 3D Line Segments (3차원 선소의 Grouping에 의한 3차원 건물 모델 발생)

  • Kang, Yon-Uk;Woo, Dong-Min
    • Journal of IKEEE
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    • v.10 no.1 s.18
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    • pp.40-48
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    • 2006
  • This paper presents a new rooftop surface estimation method from 3D line segments. 3D rooftop surface estimation is based on the hierarchical grouping and initiated by 3D line merging for the disconnected 3D line segments. Merged 3D lines are applied to the detection of rooftop by surface estimating technique. To estimate surfaces we detect L-corner and T-corner points, and find fixed reliable junction points. The hypothesis of the possible rooftop surfaces are estimated as polygonal surfaces by these fixed junction points and building's rooftop models are generated by testing the possible surfaces in terms of assumptions of building surface properties. We carried out experiments by synthetic images on Avenches data set and the experimental results showed that we could reliably build 3D model with 3D surfaces, errors of which came up with 0.4 - 1.3 meter, 2.5 times more accurate than the elevation date from the conventional area-based stereo.

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Microstrip Antenna for ISM Band using L-Shaped feeding structure (L형 급전구조를 이용한 ISM대역용 마이크로스트립 안테나 설계)

  • Park, Chang-Hyun;Kim, Pyoung-Gug;Kim, Kab-Ki
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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    • 2007.04a
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    • pp.440-443
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    • 2007
  • In this paper, microstrip antenna is designed for industrial-scientific-medical(ISM)band of S-Band. We proposed that radiation element of antenna, which is rectangle patch shape. The feeding structure used L-shaped structure. Center frequency and -l0dB bandwidth are investigated by change of length and width in patch plane. And maximum gain, front to back ratio and 3dB beam width is presented by simulation radiation pattern of antenna in frequency ISM Band. The center frequency is 2.45GHz, band width is $2.314{\sim}2.577GHz$ with 263MHz(11%). And the antenna maximum gain is 9.3dBi, 3dB beam width E-plane is $52.5^{\circ}$, H-plane is $64.7^{\circ}$.

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A Study on the Change of Suface Characteristics by plane suface Rolling(l) (평면 Rolling에 의한 표면특성 변화에 관한 연구(l))

  • 김희남
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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    • 1997.04a
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    • pp.1-5
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    • 1997
  • The plane surface rolling, one of the plastic working process, good surface condition due to increase of surface roughness and hardness. It is well known that mechanism of surface rolling depends upon rolling conditions such as rolling speed, contact pressure, step length of rolling, the shape of roller and mechanical properties of material. In this study, the optimal value of the above parameter on the surface roughness were investigated by using the rolling tool with NACHI 6000ZZ ball bearing outer races on machine structure carbon steel[SM45C]

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A Study on the Plan Type of the Urban LDK House in Japan - By the Combination of Plan Composition Elements - (일본 도시LDK형 주택의 평면유형에 관한 연구 - 평면구성요소의 조합을 통해서 -)

  • Park, Chan;Kim, Jeong-Gyun
    • Journal of the Korean housing association
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.41-49
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    • 2013
  • In this research, a representative type of the housing plan was extracted on the basis of elements that exert the influence on the discrimination of the plan type, in other words, plan composition. Firstly, 'connection type of the room' and 'composition type of LDK (living room, dining room and kitchen)' were selected as elements of the plan type. Secondly, three forms of 'connection type of the room' became clear namely 'middle corridor type', 'living room centered type' and 'entrance hall type', as the factors that discriminate plan composition specifically. Thirdly, 'LD/K type' and 'L/D/K type' were confirmed as the factors in 'composition type of LDK'. Finally, four combinations of plan type, such as 'living room centered type-LD/K type', 'middle corridor type-LD/K type', 'living room centered type-L/D/K type' and 'entrance hall type-LD/K type' were confirmed as the representative types. These four combinations are the representative plan types of the urban LDK houses in Japan.