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Size Measurement of Radioactive Aerosol Particles in Intense Radiation Fields Using Wire Screens and Imaging Plates

  • Oki, Yuichi;Tanaka, Toru;Takamiya, Koichi;Osada, Naoyuki;Nitta, Shinnosuke;Ishi, Yoshihiro;Uesugi, Tomonori;Kuriyama, Yasutoshi;Sakamoto, Masaaki;Ohtsuki, Tsutomu
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • v.41 no.3
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    • pp.216-221
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    • 2016
  • Background: Very fine radiation-induced aerosol particles are produced in intense radiation fields, such as high-intensity accelerator rooms and containment vessels such as those in the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP). Size measurement of the aerosol particles is very important for understanding the behavior of radioactive aerosols released in the FDNPP accident and radiation safety in high-energy accelerators. Materials and Methods: A combined technique using wire screens and imaging plates was developed for size measurement of fine radioactive aerosol particles smaller than 100 nm in diameter. This technique was applied to the radiation field of a proton accelerator room, in which radioactive atoms produced in air during machine operation are incorporated into radiation-induced aerosol particles. The size of $^{11}C$-bearing aerosol particles was analyzed using the wire screen technique in distinction from other positron emitters in combination with a radioactive decay analysis. Results and Discussion: The size distribution for $^{11}C$-bearing aerosol particles was found to be ca. $70{\mu}m$ in geometric mean diameter. The size was similar to that for $^7Be$-bearing particles obtained by a Ge detector measurement, and was slightly larger than the number-based size distribution measured with a scanning mobility particle sizer. Conclusion: The particle size measuring method using wire screens and imaging plates was successfully applied to the fine aerosol particles produced in an intense radiation field of a proton accelerator. This technique is applicable to size measurement of radioactive aerosol particles produced in the intense radiation fields of radiation facilities.

Photopatch Tests of recent three years at Kyoto University Hospital

  • Katoh, Mayumi;Kitoh, Akihiko;Otoshi, Eriko;Arima, Yaeno;Nishigori, Chikako;Miyachi, Yoshiki
    • Journal of Photoscience
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.497-499
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    • 2002
  • We experienced 29 cases of tentative photo allergic disorders from April 2000 to March 2002. For those 29 patients, photopatch tests have been done to explore possible causative photoallergens. We performed photopatch tests with photo-related allergens and possible causative products that the patients brought to us. After applications for 48hrs, one test site was irradiated with half of MRD or 6.0 J/cm$^2$ of UVA. Readings were evaluated according to the reading criteria of the ICDRG. Photoallergens were suggested in 20 cases (69.0%). Among them, we could find out the causative products in 7 cases (24.1%). Photopatch tests, performed by an appropriate method, are useful in some cases not only for diagnosis of photocontact dermatitis but also diagnosis of systemic photoallergic disorders.

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Data Archive Project of 44-year Full Disk CaII K Images at Kyoto University

  • Kitai, Reizaburo;Uenoi, Satoru;Asai, Ayumi;Isobe, Hiroaki;Hayashi, Hiroo
    • The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.90.2-90.2
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    • 2011
  • At Kyoto University, a continuous solar full-disk observation in CaII K line had been done during 44 years of 1926 - 1969. The observation was done with a Askania spectroheliograph on daily base. The images were taken on photographic plates. We started a project to archive these image data into a digital database which will be open to the public for scientific researches. One of the scientific usage of the database is to study the long term variation of the solar chromospheres. Since the area of CaII K plage area is a measure of solar chromospheric heating, we can do comparative study of the sunspot cycle and the chromospheric heating cycle of the sun. Another interesting field of scientific utilization of the database is the long term variation of the heating of terrestrial upper atmosphere. As was shown by Yokoyama, Masuda and Sato (2005), the area of the CaII K plage is a good proxy measure of solar EUV irradiation onto the upper atmosphere of the earth. Thus the completion of our database will serve to supply a basic and long-span data for upper atmospheric heating issues by the cooperative study with the Inter-university Upper atmosphere Global Observation NETwork (IUGONET) developed in Japan.

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Attachment Behavior of Fission Products to Solution Aerosol

  • Takamiya, Koichi;Tanaka, Toru;Nitta, Shinnosuke;Itosu, Satoshi;Sekimoto, Shun;Oki, Yuichi;Ohtsuki, Tsutomu
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • v.41 no.4
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    • pp.350-353
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    • 2016
  • Background: Various characteristics such as size distribution, chemical component and radio-activity have been analyzed for radioactive aerosols released from Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Measured results for radioactive aerosols suggest that the potential transport medium for radioactive cesium was non-sea-salt sulfate. This result indicates that cesium isotopes would preferentially attach with sulfate compounds. In the present work the attachment behavior of fission products to aqueous solution aerosols of sodium salts has been studied using a generation system of solution aerosols and spontaneous fission source of $^{248}Cm$. Materials and Methods: Attachment ratios of fission products to the solution aerosols were compared among the aerosols generated by different solutions of sodium salt. Results and Discussion: A significant difference according as a solute of solution aerosols was found in the attachment behavior. Conclusion: The present results suggest the existence of chemical effects in the attachment behavior of fission products to solution aerosols.

Hibernation of Mammalian Cells at a Living Body Temperature

  • Hyon, Suong-Hyu;Kim, Do-Hoon
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • v.6 no.4
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    • pp.289-292
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    • 2001
  • The present study revealed that polyphenol induces the hibernation of mammalian cells at the living body temperature. It was found that polyphenol is a cytostatic sleeping agent for mam-malian cells, where almost all cells resume proliferation after the hibernation period and cell death seldom occurs. By changing the concentration for polyphenol, various mammalian cells can be stored under different conditions, such as temporary sleep, and hibernation condi-tions.

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Chloroplastic NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase Complex and Cyclic Electron Transport around Photosystem I

  • Endo, Tsuyoshi;Ishida, Satoshi;Ishikawa, Noriko;Sato, Fumihiko
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.158-162
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    • 2008
  • Recent molecular genetics studies have revealed that cyclic electron transport around photosystem I is essential for normal photosynthesis and growth of plants. Chloroplastic NAD(P)H dehydorgenase (NDH) complex, a homologue of the complex I in respiratory electron transport, is involved in one of two cyclic pathways. Recent studies on the function and structure of the NDH complex are reviewed.