• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2004

The objectives of this study were to examine how image evaluation and preference of women's clothing color vary according to perceiver's culture, gender, and clothing color; to investigate the differences of image evaluation according to body type and the clothing color; and to disclose what image affects to the clothing color preference of Korean and American. Subjects were 388 Korean and 363 American college men and women. The American evaluated the wearer more elegant, feminine, and neater than the Korean did. Clothing color gave significant influence on perception of all image variables. Koreans showed that red and blue color shirts were perceived to be individualistic. Koreans considered blue, indigo, purple, gray, and black were perceived to be less feminine. This means that they evaluated the colors of blue range and low chroma were masculine according to their traditional attitude. Women were more attracted by indigo and purple, while men tended to evaluate yellow as an appealing color. The evaluation of sociability varied depending on the perceiver's culture and clothing colors. The corpulent body type had negative evaluation rather than the ordinary one without the relation with the color of clothing for Koreans and Americans. The evaluation of sociability of Americans had an interaction effect by the body type and clothing color. Attractiveness gave the first significant influences on clothing color preference, and the next came individual(-) and splendid image for Korean men. The individual image gave Korean men to be negative effect. Attractiveness, elegance, and sociable image gave significant influences on clothing color preference in Korean women. For American men, elegance gave the first significant influences on clothing color preference, and the next came sociability and neatness, while elegance was the first and the next came sociability and attractiveness for American women.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2004

This study aimed to explore how India madras fashion was diffused in the American women's costume of the different social levels from 1960 to 1975, by using fashion illustrations such as photographs, drawings and advertisements collected from fashion magazines. The purpose was to obtain data for high fashion(Vogue), mainstream fashion(Mademoiselle) and college newspapers for youth fashion. The data were incorporated from 439 clothing items classified by different categories over the 16-year period. The results indicated that the appearance of madras in the American women's fashion in all social classes supported the idea that fashion change during this period accompanied a concurrent change in social environment. In America during the 1960s when there was strong influence of youth counterculture and interest was high on Indian culture, this corresponded to the time of maximum popularity of madras observed in American fashion in general from 1965 to 1971. Though the Indian influence on fashion in the sixties was often ascribed solely to youth counterculture, it is evident that different social groups-high and mainstream social classes, responded to the appeal of Indian culture in different ways.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.37-58
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• 2000

Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY) were used to examine factors related to adolescent behavior problems, smoking, and delinquency. This study focuses particularly on the factors in an adolescent s immediate environment such as family, school, peers, and neighborhood (i.e. the microsystems) for the identification, prevention, and early intervention of adolescent behavior problems, smoking, and delinquent behavior. Both African American and Caucasian American adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 for whom data were available in the NLSY were included in this study (N=788). Results indicate that delinquent peer pressure and negative attitudes toward school are important determinants of behavior problems, smoking, and delinquency of American adolescents. Differences between African American and Caucasian American adolescents are highlighted.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.747-755
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• 2020

Background: Ginsenosides accumulation responses to temperature are critical to quality formation in cold-dependent American ginseng. However, the studies on cold requirement mechanism relevant to ginsenosides have been limited in this species. Methods: Two experiments were carried out: one was a multivariate linear regression analysis between the ginsenosides accumulation and the environmental conditions of American ginseng from different sites of China and the other was a synchronous determination of ginsenosides accumulation, overall DNA methylation, and relative gene expression in different tissues during different developmental stages of American ginseng after experiencing different cold exposure duration treatments. Results: Results showed that the variation of the contents as well as the yields of total and individual ginsenosides Rg1, Re, and Rb1 in the roots were closely associated with environmental temperature conditions which implied that the cold environment plays a decisive role in the ginsenoside accumulation of American ginseng. Further results showed that there is a cyclically reversible dynamism between methylation and demethylation of DNA in the perennial American ginseng in response to temperature seasonality. And sufficient cold exposure duration in winter caused sufficient DNA demethylation in tender leaves in early spring and then accompanied the high expression of flowering gene PqFT in flowering stages and ginsenosides biosynthesis gene PqDDS in green berry stages successively, and finally, maximum ginsenosides accumulation occurred in the roots of American ginseng. Conclusion: We, therefore, hypothesized that cold-induced DNA methylation changes might regulate relative gene expression involving both plant development and plant secondary metabolites in such cold-dependent perennial plant species.

• 기록학연구
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• 제20호
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• pp.213-256
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• 2009

복합민족국가 미국의 신속한 국가정체성 확립을 위한 주요 시발점이 되었던 대통령기록관은 미국이라는 한 자본주의 국가가 자신의 대통령을 기념하는 방법이다. 이것은 분명 미국이기에 가능했고, 또한 미국이기에 이해되는 것들이기도 했다. 미국이 대통령기록관시스템을 통해 그 어떤 행정기록보다 풍부한 자원을 확보하고 이용 가능하게 한 것은 엄연한 사실이다. 그러나 기록보다는 박물 전시에 치중하며, 이를 통해 국가적 애국심을 고착시키며 야기 시켰던 역기능들은 여전히 간과할 수 없는 요소들로 자리하고 있다. 이집트에 고대 파라오를 위한 피라미드가 있다면, 미국에는 전직 대통령을 위한 성전인 대통령기록관이 있다는 역사가들의 비유는 미국 대통령기록관이 자의적 역사해석을 통해서 퇴임 대통령을 긍정적으로 그리기 위해 얼마나 극도로 노력해왔는지를 보여준다. 그 영웅화가 가능하게 된 배경에는 미국식 소유관념과 미국식 낙관주의 문화가 있었음을 배제할 수 없다. 미국대통령기록관이 비록 그들의 방식으로 제도화하고 발전되었지만 거기에는 우리가 기꺼이 배울 점도 있고, 도저히 따라가서는 안 되는 점도 공존한다. 여기서 중요한 것은 균형 잡힌 시각으로 외국 사례를 수용하고 제대로 직시하는 시야를 갖는 것이다.

• 복식
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.54-66
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• 2009

An empirical study was conducted on fashion cultural products with Korean image, targeting Korean and American consumers. Its purpose was to identify Korean and English consumers' attitude and purchase intention and to compare difference of its influence factor toward fashion cultural products of which design sources were derived from the Korean culture. The quantitative research using on-line questionnaires was targeted at American and Korean consumers. A total of 400 responses were used in the analysis. Results of data analyses using SPSS 13.0, are as following. First, for American consumers, uniqueness-seeking had a positive effect on attitude toward of cultural product with Korean image, followed by service of salespersons, change-seeking, and appearance of salespersons. For Korean consumers, easy accessibility was significantly related to attitude. Second, for American consumers, uniqueness-seeking and appearance of salespersons had a significant influence on the purchase intention of the cultural product with Korean image. For Korean consumers, no attributes were related to purchase intention. This research about fashion cultural products that will compete in the global market presents exploratory information targeting domestic and foreign consumers and will contribute to the strategic aspect of newly growing high-added-value industries.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.411-421
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare spiritual well-being and perceived health status between Korean and Korean-American and to provide basic data that might develop comprehensive health care program including spiritual dimension. Method: The subject of the study were 411 adults chosen from religious organization located in Gyeongsang Province, Korea and Chicago, U.S.A.. The instruments used in the study were Spiritual Well-being Scale by Paloutizian & Ellison and Health Self Rating Scale by North Illinois University. Analysis of data was done by using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, ANCOVA, ANOVA and Duncan test with SPSS program. Result: 1) The mean score of spiritual well-being of Korean was 3.17 and Korean-American was 2.63, there was significant difference between two groups. 2) Perceived health status of Korean was 2.37 and perceived health status of Korean-American was 2.54, there was significant difference between two groups. Conclusion: According to this study, it is important to take into considerations spiritual aspects and cultural and environmental elements in developing the comprehensive health care program.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1379-1382
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• 2008

This study was performed to provide basic information that can be used to differentiate Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng CA. Meyer) berry and seed from American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) seed. Total ginsenoside contents of Korean ginseng berry, Korean ginseng seed, and American ginseng seed were 9.09, 3.30, and 4.06%, respectively. Total ginsenoside content of Korean ginseng berry was about 2.2 to 2.7 times higher than those of Korean ginseng seed and American ginseng seed. Particularly ginsenoside Re content of 4-year cultivated Korean ginseng berry (5.99%) was about 3.6 to 5.4 times higher than that of 4-year cultivated Korean ginseng seed (1.65%) and 4-year cultivated American ginseng seed (1.10%). The contents of total ginsenoside and ginsenoside Re of Korean ginseng berry were about 4.8 and 28 times higher, respectively, than those of 4-year cultivated Korean ginseng root. In general the contents of total ginsenoside and ginsenoside Re of Korean ginseng berry were significantly higher than those of Korean ginseng seed and American ginseng seed.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.731-742
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• 2001

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the harmony of colors of the traditional Korean skirt and jacket. 3 colors of jacket and 6 colors of skirt were combined by 4 kind of colors tone. The Korean women college students and the American women college students (University of Wisconsin-Madison) were selected to evaluate the harmony of colors. It could be supposed that the different evaluation were caused by their different cultural backgrounds. The results of the research can be summarized as follows. When colors were combined with four tone(vivid, light, dull and dark), American students evaluated the same colors of red skirt and red jacket, green skirt and green jacket as harmonized coloration. But Korean students thought they were not harmonized. The yellow colors of jacket and the similar colors of red skirt were evaluated as harmonized by both Korean and American students. They evaluated the green jacket and the red skirt of contrast color as harmonized. The different tone of color caused the different evaluation of harmony of colors by both Korean and American students.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.106-124
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the three-dimensional (3D) characteristics and reproducibility of the effective expression of North American smocking pleats in the process of making clothes using a 3D virtual clothing system (CLO) and present a method of expression according to the types of North American smocking. In this study, lattice, lozenge, and flower smocking were produced as real smocking and 3D virtual content, and actual muslin properties were measured using a Fabric Kit and reflected using an emulator. The results of this study confirmed that a dense puckered design such as North American smocking could be expressed depending upon the internal line, fold angle, and reinforcement setting for 3D smocking. To partially apply pleats to flat fabrics, it was necessary to set fold lines. The fold line setting could be expressed by designing the internal line in horizontal, vertical, and diagonal directions according to the North American smocking design, and then setting the fold angle for each internal line. By setting fold angles of 0 degrees and 360 degrees according to the folding direction of the set internal line, the fabric was clearly folded and stable pleats were created. This study will contribute to the vitalization of the 3D virtual fashion content industry by analyzing and presenting the optimal expression method of sophisticated and complex pleats generated according to the North American smocking design pattern.