• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.651-658
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• 2008

Estuary barrier is a hydraulic structure constructed to supply safely water as protecting chlorine penetration of sea water. However, the barrier brings about a problem which decreases original functions of estuary because hydraulic ecology was disrupted as obstructing natural water exchange between fresh water and sea water. It is important to supply Enough fresh water in the estuary ecosystem. But it is possible to reduce the problems brought from barrier throughout efficient water gate operation of estuary barrier. It was shown in this study that the environmental effect of estuary in Nakdong river was investigated according to the control of water level. Also, the basic information about the effective water gate operation was provided. The analysis results showed that the release rate of estuary was increased about 20% as changing the operational water levels. This helps supplying fresh water durably to the mixing zone. Also, CE-QUAL-W2 model was utilized to assess water quality. The values of BOD and COD were not changed in estuary area. From the result, it was analyzed the effect of water quality according to the water gate operation was not indicated.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.753-761
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• 2009

Bottled water market is growing at a rate of 10% per year in Korea. However, bottled water exhausts ground water. Korean government proposed to provide 'bottled tap water' at a low price in 2008. This study is the estimation of 'bottled tap water' market scale using binary logit model. we calculate that 'bottled tap water' market scale is from at least 92 billion won to 154 billion won by 150, 250 won per a bottled water, respectively. This paper indicates that scale of 'bottled tap water' market is a half of 'bottled water' market in 2007. This result provides that policy-makers with available and responsible information regarding the scale of 'bottled tap water' market.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.441-451
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• 2014

The flushing is important to maintain good water quality in water main. It is a technique of using water velocity to remove sediments in water distribution system. The variety of water quality problems can occur in a distribution system, so too can a variety of benefits be gained by system flushing. In order to effectively perform the flushing, the contaminants to be removed to set up and it can be solved, it is necessary to ensure the proper flow rate. In this study, the removal of contaminants present in the inner water pipe attached loose deposits such as fine particles of granular activated carbon, sand and iron corrosion product sought to derive flow rates. Thus, the constant observation of using pilot plant scale water distribution plant for the movement of floating characteristics of particles were assessed.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.397-405
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• 2006

Since the first sewage treatment plant had been in operation in 1976, the Korean water industry was in the logarithmic growing stage corresponded with the country's rapid economic expansion up to late 1990's. Unfortunately, however, the current industry status seems to require not only new paradigm for water environment but the development of new growth engine, since there are various warning signals for stalling growth from the field engineers to policy makers. Because of sharing of the awareness, the Korean government recently launched an ambitious development policy for water industry. This paper describes the new paradigm-shift in water environment in view point of the water as renewable resources. Based on the new paradigm, it has been suggested the prerequisite conditions to meet for the development of a new Korean water industry.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.533-536
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• 2008

Korean water quality guidelines for agricultural were derived to protect agricultural water uses according to the Canadian methodology. The adverse effect of heavy metals in agricultural water was of concern due to its persistence, bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity to crop plants. The ecotoxicity data of cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc were collected for the crops grown in Korea, and used to estimate the species maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (SMATC), which corresponds to the water quality guideline. Values of irrigation per year and soil bulk density were revised to reflect the Korean situation. The estimated guideline values for cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc were 0.01, 0.5, 0.1, and 1.0 mg/L, respectively. These values are in agreement with the agricultural water quality guidelines of foreign countries and current Korean water quality standard for the protection of public health. Current water quality standards in agricultural uses were for management of public water resource, and was not prepared to protect crop plants from contaminants. The results of this study will be a basis for the designation of Korean water quality guidelines for the protection of agricultural water uses in the future.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to discover the meaning of water and traditional water space by the literature review and field study of the water space in Korea. The water and water space were symbolized by mythology, elm-yang-oh-hang, feng-shui, taoism and confucian ideas, buddhism, shin-sun ideas, shijo and landscape panting. That is, the symbolic meanings of water and water space are melt in arts and thoughts. According to literature review and field study, the water and water space represent symbolic meanings, integration with nature, reflection of nature, territoriality, role of boundary, purgation, centralization and practical application.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 2020

With growing expectations for economic cooperation between the two Koreas, there is much interest in participating in the construction of infrastructure in North Korea. In particular, water and sewage infrastructure is the four major social infrastructures in addition to housing, transportation, electricity and telecommunications. North Korea is known to have severe water pollution and ecosystem destruction in major rivers, water pollution and soil pollution in mining areas are serious, and water and sewage infrastructures in cities other than Pyongyang are known to be weak. Preemptive investment in water supply and drainage in North Korea is the foundation for securing the quality of life of the North Korean and is the foundation of public health and industry. It is a leading investment to reduce the cost of unification and is a new growth engine for the water reloded industry. In this study, we proposed a plan to exchange and cooperate in water environment for building water infrastructure of North Korea by examining the data related to water quality, water resources, water disaster, related legal system and human resources exchange situations in North Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.641-650
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• 2008

This paper reviews the infrastructure of the water supply and sewerage system in North Korea. North Korean has similar legal protection to preserve water environment that can be seen in Republic of Korea, but North Korean regulations seemed lack of detailed measures. The critical pollution problems of rivers and lakes in the northern part of peninsula is mainly due to the lack of sewage collection system and poor treatment works. It has been estimated that less than 20% of sewers are connected to the wastewater treatment plants. Although the availability of water resources seemed sufficient, North Koreans suffer the lack of the drinking water supply which needs an urgent attention. Based on the analysis, it has been suggested that the reconstruction of North Korean water and sewage infrastructure needs at least 17.5 trillion Korean Won.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.59-64
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• 1998

The characteristics of agricultural water rights in multi-purpose dams in Korea was examined. The river system with multi-purpose dams can be divided into national river system and WRC(Water Resources Corporation) river system according to ownership of dam use rights. While the national river system have permitted water rights, the WRC river system have vest water rights and contract water rights. The two river systems have different characteristics of agricultural water rights, and therefore the water right of two system need to be unified. It is also known that water release from multi-purpose dams against water demand does not satisfy agricultural water rights.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2008

This study is primarily concerned with the relationship between the substantial nature of water and water space, defined as the container of water, when water is used as an element of design. In order to achieve the objective set up, the writer discusses the important properties of water. As the functional meaning of 'water' has been changed to the natural harmony or agreement with human, both the exterior shape of architectural structures and their internal meanings should be taken into account, if the water space is to be suitable for humans.