• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.461-474
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• 2005

The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is the regeneration of periodontal tissue and the repair of function. For more than a decade there have been many efforts to develop materials and methods of treatment to promote periodontal tissue regeneration. Recently many efforts are concentrated on the regeneration potential of material used in traditional medicine. Safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed extract(SSE) have long clinically used in Korea to promote bone formation and prevent osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of SSE on bone formation in human osteoblastic cell line. Human fetal osteoblastic cell line(hFOB 1.19) was cultured with DMEM and SSE($1{\mu}g/ml$, $10{\mu}g/ml$, $100{\mu}g/ml$, $1mg/ml$) at $34^{\cdot}C$ with 5% $CO_2$ in 100% humidity. The proliferation, differentiation of the cell was evaluated by several experiments. Cell proliferation was significantly increased at $10{\mu}g/ml$, $100{\mu}g/ml$, 1mg/ml of SSE after 3 and 7 days incubation(p<0.05). Cell spreading assay was significantly increased at $100{\mu}g/ml$ of SSE after 3 days and $1{\mu}g/ml$, $10{\mu}g/ml$, $100{\mu}g/ml$, 1mg/ml of SSE after 7 days(p<0.05). Alkaline Phosphatase(ALP) level was significantly increased in $10{\mu}g/ml$, $100{\mu}g/ml$, 1mg/ml of SSE(p<0.05). Collagen synthesis was significantly increased at $10{\mu}g/ml$, $100{\mu}g/ml$, 1mg/ml of SSE(p<0.05). A quantified calcium accumulation was significantly increased at $10{\mu}g/ml$, $100{\mu}g/ml$ of SSE(p<0.05). ALP and osteocalcin mRNA was expressed in $100{\mu}g/ml$ of SSE by RT-PCR. These results indicate that SSE are capable of increasing osteoblasts mineralization and may play an important role in bone formation.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.43-50
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• 2020

This study reviewed the examples on analyses of the potential impacts to waste management, due to the recent trends of waste trade regulation, and summarized an analysis strategy of the impacts. As a result, a desirable analysis may begin with reasonable estimation of recent waste amounts and flows, and reasonable prediction of the future trends of waste amounts. Then, it is effective to list various key factors and derive future scenarios of the impacts, as well as employ the traditional viewpoints focusing on waste material flow or environmental regulations. The applicable analyses for each scenario can be largely divided into qualitative and quantitative methods. Due to a high uncertainty in the recent international situations with entailing possible innovative economic changes, qualitative methods may be considered in advance, and then quantitative techniques may be utilized to predict gradual changes at relieved uncertainty of the situations. Based on this review so far, proper methodology and procedures for the impact analysis were suggested on recent waste trade conditions in Korea. Given existence of the recent uncertainties such as the health and economic crises, the analysis preferably focused on deriving strategic scenarios with respect to various aspects, and suggested analysis methods applicable to each scenario.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.2 s.64
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• pp.121-128
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• 2006

The elements to enhance preference in symbol design are mainly related to consumers' response and aesthetic elements. Because certain aesthetic elements in design affect consumers' response and it is actually presented through (the different level of) preference. This study through surveying case studies examines whether a certain aesthetic element in symbol design gives rise to much preference. According to the result of study, high preference in symbolic design depends on high level of Rhythm, Balance, Harmony, Elaboration, Round, Gestalt, Organic, and Artificial/Natural among aesthetic elements. In comparison, it is founded that Simplicity/complexity, Objective/Abstract, depth, and symmetry should be designed at the moderate level, and proportion, repetition of elements be at the low level. Additionally(or Besides) this study makes out that symbol design cases with high preference have shapes from natural material or patterns of traditional culture, while cases with low preference have shapes from geometric figures. On the basis of these results, a guideline of symbol design could De offered(or suggested) to fit preference of consumers. But, this study is mostly concerned with only affect among emotional reactions of consumer in a scope of study, and is considered only in the aspect of form excluding color and texture.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.40-75
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• 2007

In the early industrial age which with high intensity of machine and labor, using financial measurement index was good enough to tie in company's mechanization and philosophy of management and been in efficiency. But being comply with "New Economic age," a new economic environment is full of knowledge and information, the enterprise competition had changed from tangible assets, plants to intangible innovation ability of knowledge. As recognizing the new tendency by enterprise, they value gradually the growth and influence from learning. Practice of organization learning not only needs firm structure and be in coordination with both hardware and software, but also needs an affect measurement model to offer enterprise to estimate learning performance. It's a good instrument of financial performance measure mold in the past years, But it's for measuring the past, couldn't formulate enterprise trend to future, hard to estimate investment for future, such as development of products, organization learning, knowledge management etc, as which intangible assets and knowledge ability just the key factors of being win around competition environment in the future. In 1992, Kaplan and Norton brought up Balance Scorecard (BSC) on Harvard Business Review, as an instrument helping enterprise to measure performance, which is being considered to be a most influence management instrument. It added non-financial index such as customer, internal process and learning growth besides traditional financial index, as offering enterprise an index to measure and manage intangible assets and intellectual property. As being aware of organization learning is hard to be ignored in the new economic age, this research is based on learning and growth of BSC, and citing one national material company try to let the most difficult measurement performance of organization learning, to be estimate through BSC, analyze of factor and individual case, to discuss the company how to make the related strategy and vision of organization learning to develop learning and growth of the structure of BSC, subject the matter of out put factors to be discussed, and measure the outcomes as a result of research. The research affect offers (1) the base implement procedure of carrying out BSC; (2) the reference of formulating measurement index while enterprise using BSC to estimate performance of organization learning; (3) the possibility bottleneck maybe forcing while carrying out BSC, to be an improvement or preventive for enterprise.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.2 s.271
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• pp.97-102
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• 2007

Background: Endovenous laser treatment has recently been introduced as a less invasive technique, with many good results reported, A 980-nm diode laser was used on the great saphenous vein (GSV) occlusions in patients with varicose veins, due to GSV reflux, and the therapeutic effects analyzed. Material and Method: Between September 2003 and February 2006, 238 patients (332 cases) with GSV reflux underwent endovenous laser treatment with a 980-nm diode laser. Operative procedures were simultaneous endovenous laser treatment and ambulatory phlebectomy. The preoperative clinical findings, postoperative complications and postoperative duplex US follow up results at 1 and 3 months were reviewed. Result: Postoperative complications were ecchymosis in almost cases, paresthesia 68 cases (20.5%) and skin burn in 3 cases (0.9%). Follow up duplex US revealed 26 and 10 cases at 1 and 3 months of GSV reflux or partial recanalization, with therapeutic success rates of 91.3 and 87.9%, respectively. Conclusion: The treatment of GSV occlusion with an endovenous laser is less invasive than traditional GSV stripping, but relatively high recanalization was experienced, possibly due to inadequate laser power, laser fiber pullback speed or an extremely dilated GSV. However, continuous attempts will be required to reduce the recanalization after the procedure, with accurate follow up using duplex US.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.11
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• pp.61-72
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• 2010

This is the analysis of material dyed with Korean yellow dyes such as tumeric, amur cork tree, goldthread, gardenia, and the flowers of sophora japonica using nondestructive ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence spectrophotometry. In order to find out whether type of fabric or mordant influences analysis results, test fabrics were made using two types of fabric(silk and cotton) and dyed using three different mordants(no mordant, alum, iron). After analysis with UV-Vis reflectance spectrum on the dyed fabric, when the fabric was dyed with tumeric, amur cork tree and goldthread, the results were similar with no mordant and alum mordant, whereas there was a difference with an iron mordant. Also when the fabric was dyed using gardenia, different fabrics brought different results but there was no difference in results with mordants. On the other hand, when the fabric was dyed using the flowers of sophora japonica, there was no difference with fabrics but with mordants. After analysis with 3D-fluorescence spectrum, fabrics dyed with tumeric, amur cork tree and goldthread showed their own fluorescent spectrum with no regard to fabric and mordant; but with gardenia, there were differences with different fabrics whereas with the flowers of sophora japonica, there were differences with mordants.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.31-47
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• 2008

In this study the interpretive perspective means a point of view on educational curriculum in which in order to reach the understanding of the meaning of the behaviors and beliefs of human beings, and the historical and cultural products, the process of discussing on the basis of historical and cultural knowledge is very important. The developed curriculum means the one that consists of the goal of the curriculum, the contents of the curriculum, lesson plans, and the instruction-learning materials. This study has been carried out in four steps: conceptualization, development, application and evaluation. This study has tried to propose some changes in the contents of clothing life education on the basis of the interpretive perspective by firstly, assuming some core concepts that were related to clothing life education in Home Economics and secondly, organizing the contents of the clothing life culture area based upon historical and cultural materials. The results of the application of the developed curriculum came out positive. The strong points of the developed curriculum showed that for the students the curriculum was helpful in seeking answers to such questions as 'who I am' and 'what kind of being I am' through the perception of traditional culture and clothing life. In addition, the developed learning contents were recognized as new knowledge. It also showed that teaching contents with a focus on the interpretive perspective could play a role as reflection for the practice and for the arrival at the final perception. A weak point of the developed curriculum is that the Home Economics teachers themselves might find difficulty preparation for teaching this material because of their limited understanding and knowledge of the historical and cultural materials about clothing life.

• Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.160-167
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of our study was to present an abdominal wall closure technique using barbed suture $V-Loc^{TM}$ 90 after single incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SILA) and to compare perioperative outcomes with conventional layer by layer abdominal wall closure after SILA. Methods: From March 2014 to July 2016, a retrospective case-control study was conducted for a total of 269 consecutive patients who underwent SILA. According to abdominal wall closure methods, 129 patients were classified into the V-Loc closure group and 140 patients were assigned into the conventional layer by layer closure group. In the V-Loc group, abdominal wall closure was performed from the fascia to the skin with a single thread of unidirectional absorbable barbed suture $V-Loc^{TM}$ 90 2-0 using continuous running suture and reverse overlapping reinforced running technique. Subcutaneous closure and subcuticular suture were performed with the remaining portion of V-Loc. Results: The V-Loc closure group showed shorter total operation time ($40.0{\pm}15.4min$ vs. $44.9{\pm}16.3min$, p=0.013) and abdominal wall cusing continuous running suture and reverse overlapping reinforced running technique. Subcutaneous closure and subcuticular suture were performed with the remaining portion of V-Loc. Results: The V-Loc closure group showed shorter total operation time losure time ($5.5{\pm}0.9min$ vs. $6.5{\pm}0.8min$, p<0.001). Postoperative incision length was significantly shorter in the V-Loc closure group ($1.1{\pm}0.3cm$ vs. $1.8{\pm}0.4cm$, p<0.001). Postoperative wound pain, time to resume diet, postoperative hospital stay, complications including surgical site infection, or mean patient satisfaction score at one month after hospital discharge was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, unidirectional knotless barbed suture is a safe alternative method for abdominal wall closure after SILA. It can save time while providing comparable cosmesis.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.318-324
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• 2019

Angelica gigas Nakai (AGN) is a perennial herb belonging to the family Apiaceae. Its root has been utilized as a traditional medicine in Korea. Also, it contains decursin (D) and decursinol angelate (DA) as major active components. This study was performed to compare the change in content of active components and antioxidant activity between bolting and non-bolting AGN. Bolting AGN (B1) and non-bolting AGN (NB1) were harvested in the end of August. Additional non-bolting AGN (NB2) was harvested in the end of October. The total weight of B1 was 728.7 g, which was 98.5% of NB2 weight. Next, the AGN root (B1, NB1 and NB2) was divided into main root and lateral root. And the AGN aerial part (B1, NB1) was divided into flower, leaf and stem. The two active components, D and DA, and antioxidant activity were analyzed. The D content of B1 was 0.35-1.33% according to the plant parts and the DA content was 0.29-1.07%. In addition, B1 flower and leaf showed higher antioxidant activity than NB2 roots. The results show that B1 contained 15-56% of total major components compared with NB2 main roots, suggesting that B1 could be used as a potential material.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.192-198
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• 2021

Red yeast rice has been extensively used as food and traditional medicine for thousands of years in East Asian countries. It is produced by the fermentation of a particular yeast (in general, Monascus purpureus) as rice and various cereals (barley, soybean, etc.). Monascus sp. produces many secondary metabolites during its growth, including pigments, monacolins, and γ-aminobutyric acid. Some metabolites―specifically, monacolin K, γ-aminobutyric acid, dimerumic acid, and monascus pigments―have been reported to lower cholesterol and blood pressure while showing anti-obesity effects. In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effect of ethanol extract from red yeast barley (RYB) fermented with Monascus sp. BHN-MK 2 on 3T3-L1 cells. The anti-obesity effects of RYB extract were examined: its lipid accumulation inhibitory effect was tested by Oil Red O staining, and obesity-related mRNA expression levels were tested by real-time RT-PCR in MDI stimulated 3T3-L1 cells. The intracellular lipid content of MDI-stimulated 3T3-L1 cells decreased significantly to 5.04%, 12.24%, and 23.52% in response to 200, 400, and 800 ㎍/ml RYB, respectively. Moreovers, we evaluated that RYB extract significantly downregulated the expression of C/EBPα, SREBP-1, and PPAR-γ gene in a dose-dependent manner. As a result, red yeast barley ethanol extracts exerted the strongest anti-obesity effects. Also, the results indicate that red yeast barley could be used as a functional anti-obesity food material.