• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.237-245
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• 2022

Background: The current study reports measurements of activity concentrations of radon (²²⁰Rn) and thoron (²²⁰Rn) in dwellings, followed by inhalation dose assessment of the public, and then by the development of regulation and the national radon action plan (NRAP) in Cameroon. Materials and Methods: Radon, thoron, and thoron progeny measurements were carried out from 2014 to 2017 using radon-thoron discriminative detectors (commercially RADUET) in 450 dwellings and thoron progeny monitors in 350 dwellings. From 2019 to 2020, radon track detectors (commercially RADTRAK) were deployed in 1,400 dwellings. It was found that activity concentrations of radon range in 1,850 houses from 10 to 2,620 Bq/㎥ with a geometric mean of 76 Bq/㎥. Results and Discussion: Activity concentrations of thoron range from 20 to 700 Bq/㎥ with a geometric mean of 107 Bq/㎥. Thoron equilibrium factor ranges from 0.01 to 0.6, with an arithmetic mean of 0.09 that is higher than the default value of 0.02 given by UNSCEAR. On average, 49%, 9%, and 2% of all surveyed houses have radon concentrations above 100, 200, and 300 Bq/㎥, respectively. The average contribution of thoron to the inhalation dose due to radon and thoron exposure is about 40%. Thus, thoron cannot be neglected in dose assessment to avoid biased results in radio-epidemiological studies. Only radon was considered in the drafted regulation and in the NRAP adopted in October 2020. Reference levels of 300 Bq/㎥ and 1,000 Bq/㎥ were recommended for dwellings and workplaces. Conclusion: Priority actions for the coming years include the following: radon risk mapping, promotion of a protection policy against radon in buildings, integration of the radon prevention and mitigation into the training of construction specialists, mitigation of dwellings and workplaces with high radon levels, increased public awareness of the health risks associated with radon, and development of programs on the scientific and technical aspects.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.111-133
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• 2007

인터넷 상의 불법 유해 정보의 존재는 규제 당국뿐만 아니라 공공도서관과 학교를 비롯하여, 인터넷 서비스를 제공하는 모든 공공정보자원에서 큰 고민거리가 되어온 지 오래다. 특히 현대 정보사회에서 정보자원의 조직과 정보의 공개, 제공 및 이용서비스를 주 임무로 하고 있는 공공도서관의 경우 도서관 이용자들에 대한 인터넷 서비스의 제공은 필수적이라 할 수 있다는 측면에서 인터넷 정보를 둘러싼 규제 환경의 변화는 공공도서관 서비스 전반에 직접적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 1990년대 중반부터 본격화된 인터넷 정보에 대한 규제는 인터넷의 고유한 매체특성으로 인하여 법제도적 규제와 함께 기술적 규제 방식이 적극적으로 활용되어 왔다. 그러나 기술적 규제 방식 또한 각 나라마다. 매우 다양한 모습으로 발전하여 왔고, 더욱이 도서관 등과 같은 공공정보자원에서의 기술 규제는 표현의 자유와 알권리, 정보접근원의 침해라는 비판을 받아왔다. 이 글은 인터넷 규제와 표현의 자유에 대한 이론적 논의들로 시작하여, 인터넷에 대한 기술적 규제 방식으로 폭넓게 활용되고 있는 필터링 소프트웨어의 기술적 측면을 살피고, 인터넷 필터링을 중심으로 한 각국의 규제 양상을 비교 분석한다. 이를 통해 공공정보자원에서의 인터넷 필터링을 둘러싼 문제들에 대해 비판적으로 논의하고자 한다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2009

According to the statistics from the Ministry of labor, 70~80 people died by work-related electric shock accidents in the workplace and this number is about 10~20 times higher than those of the foreign countries such as Japan and the United Kingdom in frequencies and rates per 100,000. The electrocution deaths had decreased from several hundred in 1990s to 67 in 2002, since then there has been little change over the last 5 years. To reduce this number of the electrocution death, it is necessary to analyze the sources of the accidents and to implement the suitable measures for preventing the similar accidents from occurring. But there is not any consensus standard method or procedures for accident investigation yet. And the results solely depend on the ability of the investigator. Because of the demand of eliminating technical barrier for free trading, the IEC 60364 is adopted as a regulation for low voltage electrical installations in Korea. The facilities designed and constructed by IEC 60364 are increasing. The facilities by IEC 60364 have different features in comparison with the facilities by Korea eletro technical regulation, and these features combined with parameters of electric shock accident can greatly affect the consequences of the electric accidents. The accident analysis program for electric shock injuries in Terra Neutral(TN) and Terra Terra(TT) system was developed in this paper, which was based on KOSHA Electric Shock Analysis Program(ESAP).

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2016

The drone is an unmanned aerial vehicle which has no human pilot. Drones can be classified into military drones, commercial drones, and personal drones by usage. Also, drones can be classified from large-sized to nano-sized drone by size and autonomous, remote controlled drone by control type. Especially, military drones can be classified into low-altitude drones, medium-altitude, and high-altitude drones by altitude. Recently, the drone industry is one of the fast growing industries in the world. As drone technologies have become more advanced and cost-effective, Korean government has set its goal to become a top-level country in drone business. However, the government's strict regulation for drone operations is one of the biggest hurdles for the development of the related technologies in Korea and other countries. For example, critical problems for drone delivery can be classified into technical issues and institutional issues. Technical issues include durability, conditional awareness, grasp and release mechanisms, collision avoidance systems, drone operating system. Institutional issues include pilot and operator licensing, privacy rules, noise guidelines, security rules, education for drone police. This study analyzes the trends of the drone industry from the viewpoint of technology and regulation. Also, we define the business areas of drone utilization. Especially, the drone business types or models for public sector are proposed. Drone services or functions promoting public interests need to be aligned with the business reference model of Korean government. To define ten types of drone uses for public sector, we combine the business types of government with the future uses of drones that are proposed by futurists and business analysts. Future uses of drones can be divided into three sectors or services. First, drone services for public or military sectors include early warning systems, emergency services, news reporting, police drones, library drones, healthcare drones, travel drones. Second, drone services for commercial or industrial services include parcel delivery drones, gaming drones, sporting drones, farming and agriculture drones, ranching drones, robotic arm drones. Third, drone services for household sector include smart home drones.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2021년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.201-202
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• 2021

국제해운에서의 선박으로부터 배출되는 온실가스에 대한 규제는 가일층 강화되고 있으며 국제해사기구에서 수립한 온실가스 저감목표는 기술적 및 운항적 측면에서 해운선사에는 커다란 도전으로 작용하고 있다. 국제해사기구는 탄소집약도 기준 2008년 대비하여 2030년 까지 30% 및 2050년 까지 70%를 감축하고 총배출량 기준 50%까지 감축하는 것을 목표로 삼고 있다. 이의 실현을 위해 IMO는 단기 및 중장기 조치를 일부 채택하여 2023년부터 현존선에 대한 에너지효율 지표인 EEXI 적용과 일부 선형에 대한 EEDI 3단계 조기 적용 등의 기술적 조치 채택하였으며 선박의 탄소집약지수인 CII를 채택하여 운영적 측면도 온실가스 저감을 위한 조치를

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.330-339
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• 2021

Objectives: Tobacco control in Indonesia is very lenient compared to international standards. This study explored the perspectives of tobacco control stakeholders (TCSs) on the likelihood of advancing tobacco marketing regulation in Indonesia. Methods: Data were collected from TCSs who were members of the Indonesia Tobacco Control Network group in a modified Delphi study. We collected the data in 2 waves using a questionnaire that comprised a set of closed and open-ended questions. For this paper, we analysed 2 of the 3 sections of the questionnaire: (1) tobacco advertising, promotions, and sponsorship (TAPS) bans, and (2) marketing and retailing regulations. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the scores using Stata/IC.13 and summarised the comments for each item. Results: The TCSs viewed the measures/strategies across all aspects of TAPS and tobacco marketing regulation as highly desirable, but provided varied responses on their feasibility. They rated political feasibility lower than technical feasibility for most measures. Advancing TAPS measures and prohibition of selling to minors were considered more attainable by sub-national governments, while prohibition of tobacco corporate social responsibility was considered as the least feasible measure in the next 5 years. Conclusions: Despite little optimism for substantial national-level change, there is a positive expectation that sub-national governments will strengthen their tobacco control regulation. It is paramount that the government reduce tobacco industry leverage by implementing Article 5.3 of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Extending advocacy networks beyond tobacco control groups and framing tobacco control more effectively are necessary steps.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2013년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.823-826
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• 2013

구내 통신 선로에 유입되는 낙뢰나 유도에 의한 서지로부터 통신 설비 및 이용자를 보호하기 위하여 국선과 구내 케이블의 접속 지점에 외부로부터의 과전압 또는 과전류를 차단하기 위한 보호기를 설치하고 있다. 국내에서 이러한 보호기에 대한 설치 의무 및 성능 기준 등을 기술기준으로서 규정하고 있으나 현행 기술기준은 PSTN 서비스에 기반을 두어 수립된 기준으로 통신 기술의 발전에 따른 서비스의 다변화에 대응하고 있지 못하고 있다. 지난 연구에서 이러한 구내통신설비의 가입자 보호기 기술기준에 대한 개선 방향에 대한 제언을 한 바 있으며 이에 본 논문에서는 구내 통신용 보호기의 성능 기준 중 과전압 제한 성능 기준을 개정안을 마련하고 이의 검증을 위한 시험을 통해 개정안에 대한 타당성을 제시한다.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2022

As the majority of Korean MRO demand is outsourced overseas, AMO by major foreign authorities is required to promote the Korean MRO industry to keep Korean MRO demand on shore. This study aims to promote consulting for AMO (obtaining repair station certification) by U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) for Korean maintenance companies. We analyzed AMO process, studied various industry cases, developed a model for AMO consulting, and identified core competencies for consultants. We suggested a five-step modified Milan model to apply AMO consulting process. We identified seven core competencies (ethics, communications, problem-solving, technical, relationship, resource management, organizational understanding) both social and technical for consultants. Additionally, we text analyzed more than 260 FAA AMO consultant resumes on Linkedin and interpreted frequent words (airline, audit, inspector, DER, regulation, ISO, system) to their competencies. This study contributes to promote consulting for the Korean MRO industry to be recognized by FAA and to develop the Korean MRO industry.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.500-508
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• 2014

In the ongoing debates over the need to identify new sources of energy and to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases. Hydrogen has emerged as one of the most promising alternatives due to its emissions from the vehicle being virtually zero. The governments have identified the development of regulations and standards as one of the key requirements for commercialization of HFCV. Regulations and standards will help overcome technological barriers to commercialization. The development of Global Technical Regulation (GTR) for HFCV occurred under the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations. Development of a technique for safety assessment of HFCV include four tasks, research for regulation system and policy, hydrogen safety, vehicle operation safety and protection against high-voltage. The objective is to establish a technique for safety assessment and amend safety standards for HFCV and consequently reflect research results to vehicle management policy. We devised safety standards and evaluation techniques with regard to high-pressure gas and high voltage of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle. KMVSS for HFCV was amended to June 10, 2014. including the results of the safety assessment technology for high-voltage and hydrogen characteristics.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2014

Environmental regulations are being reinforced for the solution of environmental pollution, that are global issues. Exhaust gas regulations of off-road engines also demand stepwise reduction emission from beginning of Tier 4 interim(2013). Characteristically, Tier 4 regulation apply the NRTC mode which is a transient cycle. And technical studies using NRTC mode are uncommon. In this study, for satisfy the Tier 4 final regulation on the NRTC mode, experimental study was conducted using a 3.4 L off-road engine. Fuel injection timing and injector hole number are chosen as parameters for investigation of combustion and exhaust gas characteristics on off-road diesel engine.