• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.181-195
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• 2008

This study examined the effect of father's marital communication, self-esteem, and social support on 7 paternal involvement factors : leisure-life, proffering information, discipline, academic support, tradition-inheritance, material support, and everyday life. Instruments were the Korean Scale of Paternal Involvement (Kim, 2005), Marital Communication Scale (Olson, et al, 1987), Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965), and the Social-Support Scale constructed by the researcher. Subjects were 248 8th grade students and their fathers in Busan. Results showed that marital communication positively influenced degree of father's discipline and tradition-inheritance; father's self-esteem positively influenced degree of father's material support; father's social support positively influenced degree of father' leisure-life, proffering information, academic support, and everyday life of their adolescent children.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.549-561
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• 1995

This study was designed to identify the relation-ship of perceived social support on self-esteem and hopelessness in patients with chronic renal failure who are hemodialysis. The subjects of this study were the 50 patients who were registered in the hemodialysis department of the two hospitals. The data were collected using a questionnaire and The period of the data collection was from August 9 to 16, 1993. The instruments for this study were the perceived social support scale designed by Park Ji-Won, the self -esteem scale designed by Rosenberg and the hopelessness scale designed by Beck et al. The data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, t-test, ANOVA, and .Pearson correlation coefficient. The results are summarized as follows ; 1. The degree of support according to the type of perceived social support ranged down in the fol-lowing order from high to low the mean emotion-al support 21.12, the mean informational support 19.58, the mean appraisal support 17.00, the mean material support 15.22, the man self-esteem was 32.00 and the mean hopelessness was 60.48. 2. Test for hypothesis ; Hypothesis 1, "The higher the level of perceived social support in patients on hemodialysis, the higher their level of self-esteem will be. " was not supported(r=.05, p=0.74). Hypothesis 2, "The higher the level of perceived social support in patients on hemodialysis, the lower their level of hopelessness will be. " was supported(r=-0.53, p=0.00). 3. The relations between general characteristics and the level of perceived social support, self-esteem, and hopelessness ; (1) The 'Gender'(P=0.04), 'Occupation'(P=0.04), 'Education'(P=0.00), 'Married state'(P=0.00) 'Duration of Hemodialysis'(P=0.00) and 'In-come'(P=0.00) of the subjects were related to perceived social support and showed a statistically significant difference. (2) No general characteristics of the subjects were related self-esteem in a statistically significant way. (3) The 'Education'(P=0.00) , 'Income'(P=0.00) of the subjects were related to hopelessness and showed a statistically significant difference. Thus, it is concluded that social support must be included in nursing interventions for patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.237-248
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• 2001

This study was designed to identify the relation between the Perceived Social Support and the Self-care Agency of high school students in a rural area. The subjects for this study were 250 students living in Chonnam province: among first grade, second grade and third grade students were 98, 89 and 63 respectively. The data were collected during the period from April 2 to 4, 2001. The instruments used in this study were the Generally Perceived Social Support Scale developed by Park, J. W.(1985) and Self-Care Agency Questionnarie developed by Deneys(1981). The data were analyzed by descriptive statistic, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation using the SAS PC+ Program. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of the Perceived Social Support was 3.19. 2. The mean score of the Self-care Agency was 2.65. 3. There was a significant differences in school year(F=3.11, p=.046), educational level of the father(F=3.41, p=.035) that of the mother(F=4.07, p=.019), and economic status(F=8.99, p=.000), school performance(F=16.37, p=.000) from Perceived Social Support between general characteristics. 4. There was a significant differences in economic status(F=4.55, p=.004), school performance(F=6.72, p=.002) from self care agency between general characteristics. 5. The relation between the score of the Perceived Social Support and Self-care Agency was significant(r=.49, p=.0001). The relation between the score of the direct Perceived Social Support and Self-care Agency was significant(r=.50, p=.0001) and the relation between the score of the indirect Perceived Social Support and Self-care Agency was also significant(r=.40, p=.0001). In conclusion, it was found that higher score of the Social Support was a higher level of the Self-care Agency, especially the direct Perceived Social Support. The score of the Social Support and Self-care Agency was significantly differentiated according to economic status and school performance.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.746-757
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the factors influencing the occupational attitudes of nursing students in the probation period. Methods: Nursing students in the probation period from five hospitals completed an anonymous survey. The instruments included the nursing occupational attitude scale, family adaptability, partnership, growth, affection, and resolve index, and perceived social support scale. The study examined the moderation model between family function, perceived social support, and occupational attitudes using PROCESS 3.2. Results: For nursing students, when social support was low, family function had a significant positive impact on occupational attitudes and intentions, and the effect was much higher than that of perceived social support. Conclusion: Family function has a significant positive explanatory effect on attitude and intention (β = .13, p < .001 and β = .12, p < .001); the interaction term between family function and perceived social support are significant (β = .01, p < .001 and β = .01, p < .001). Perceived social support has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between family function and occupational attitudes of nursing students in the probation period. Family function has a significant difference in the occupational attitudes and intentions of nursing students with low perceived social support. Nursing students perceive social support in the probation period has a significant moderation effect in the relationship between their family function and occupational attitudes. Interns with low family function should be given more social support to improve their occupational attitudes.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.131-149
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• 2016

The aims of this study are to investigate the impact of the experience of exposure to domestic violence(witnessed interparental conjugal violence and child abuse) on mental health among college students, and to explore whether social support acts as a moderator between domestic violence and mental health. Through this process, I intended to provide a reference base to suggest substantial interventions for family welfare by helping students to overcome negative domestic violence exposure experiences and adapt as healthy members of society. To achieve this goal, the study established a conceptual framework by considering the mental health of adolescents with domestic-violence exposure experience as a dependent variable, domestic violence exposure experience (witnessed interparental conjugal violence and child abuse) as an independent variable, and social support as a moderator of the relationship between these two variables. The subjects composed 747 college students in 8 colleges in Seoul. The main summary of this study is as follows: First, according to the analysis of domestic-violence exposure experience, all the subjects of this study had substantial experience of violence at home and witnessed interparental conjugal violence. These students scored 3.83 points in social support, higher than the median of 3, implying that these students had a higher awareness of social support. Moreover, their mental health score was 3.50 points, which is higher than the median of 3, indicating a somewhat positive tendency toward mental health. Second, to explore the moderating effects of social support between child violence experience and mental health, gender, age, financial status, academic-performance, child abuse and social support were input in the first step, and then buffering effects were examined by entering an interaction term to the first step in the second step. There was a significant interaction between social support and mental health. Therefore, social support was identified as having moderating effects on the relationship between child violence and mental health. Third, the analysis of moderating effects of social support between witnessed interparental conjugal violence and mental health revealed that social support had a positive influence on mental health in the first step. By contrast, the interaction term of witnessed interparental conjugal violence and social support showed no significance, indicating no moderating effect of social support in the second step. To sum up, social support served as a moderator for mental health among college students with child abuse experience, but had no moderating effect on witnessed interparental conjugal violence experience.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.203-212
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• 2001

The subjects were 349 high school boys and girls who were 10th and 11th graders in Seoul, Korea. Statistical analysis included percentages, means, Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA, t-test, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. As a result, there were positive correlations between social support, stress reduction and increases in health behavior. Stepwise multiple regression analysis of social support, stress, and adolescents health behavior showed that social support explained 26.3％ of the variance in health behavior, The more social support subjects experienced more health behavior level and the less the correlated stress level. In the area of demographic attributes, gender, height, weight, grade level, socioeconomic level of the parents, and stress were significantly correlated, grade levels, religion, socioeconomic level of parents and social support. sibling order, religion, socioeconomic level of the parents, parents education, occupation of father. and health behavior were statistically significant The findings indicated stress was a negative factor in health behavior, and social support was a positive factor in reducing stress and promoting health behavior. To reduce adolescents stress and to promote health behavior, we should endeavor to develop realistic social support programs.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.651-668
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• 2014

The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between social support, life satisfaction, and school-related adjustments of adolescents. The participants were 260 junior high school students (140 male and 120 female students) from the Seoul area. They completed questionnaires on social support, life satisfaction, and school-related adjustments. The collected data were analyzed using basic descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and a multiple regression analysis. Baron and Kenny's method was used and examined, and the Sobel test was performed to determine the mediating model's significance. It was adapted to SPSS ver. 19.0 for Windows. The major findings were as follows: first, social support (parents/teacher/friend) was positively correlated with the adolescents' school-related adjustment. Second, the adolescents' life satisfaction was also positively correlated with the adolescents' school-related adjustments. In addition, social support was positively correlated with life satisfaction. It was further found that the adolescents' life satisfaction tended to play a perfectly/partially mediating role between social support and school-related adjustment; that is, social support (parents/teacher/friend) was shown to have not only a direct effect, but also an indirect effect through the adolescents' life satisfaction, on the school-related adjustments. These results clearly indicated that adolescents' life satisfaction plays a crucial role in the relationship between social support and the adolescents' school-related adjustments.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.249-270
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability and reciprocal effects of maternal parenting stress and perceived social support in early childhood. Specifically, we compared these relations for working and nonworking mothers. The second through fourth wave data of the Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC) were used in this study. Data were analyzed using t-tests, correlations, and autoregressive cross-lagged modeling analyses. First, parenting stress of non-working mothers was higher than that of working mothers and working mothers perceived higher levels of social support compared to nonworking mothers. Second, both maternal parenting stress and social support were stable over time. Third, there were significant reciprocal effects between maternal parenting stress and perceived social support. Differences between working and non-working mothers were found in the paths from parenting stress to social support. The implications of the stability and reciprocal effects of parenting stress and perceived social support and the difference between working and non-working mothers in the relationship of the two constructs have been discussed.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.162-175
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• 2013

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between social support, psychosocial factors, and health behaviors of old adults in korean society. Methods: The data which was used in this study was extracted from the second wave of the Korean longitudinal study of aging in 2008. A total of 3,978 elderly aged 65 years or older were included in this study. We conducted $X^2$-test, t-test for the elderly health behavior in accordance with their social support and psychosocial factors. Also, multivariate logistic regressive analysis was performed in order to find how degree social support and psychosocial factors are associated with health behavior after adjusting sex, age, smoking (alcohol drinking), and other significant variables. The data was processed by SAS ver. 9.1 and Stata SE ver. 11. Results: Social support in older adults was significantly associated with lower smoking, alcohol drinking, exercise, and eating habit. Also, psychosocial factors were positively associated with smoking, alcohol drinking, regular exercise, and eating habit. Conclusion: health behaviors of old adults are likely to be vulnerable to social support and psychosocial factors. To increase effectiveness of the health policy for the elderly in Korea, it is important to adapt new strategy to include the empowerment of elderly's social networks, policy support to enhance subjective expectation, and life satisfaction.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.675-684
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among cognitive function, depression, social support, and self-care in elderly with hypertension. Methods: The subjects were 132 elderly with hypertension living in Seoul, Korea. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE-K), Short form geriatric depression scale, social support questionnaire 6, and hypertension self-care scale. Results: Thirty-four percent of the subjects had questionable dementia and forty-two percent of the subjects were depressed. Means for social support were 2.40 for network size and 4.07 for satisfaction. The mean score of hypertension self-care was 60.34, indicating that the subjects took care of themselves moderately well. Cognitive function was negatively related to depression. Social support network and satisfaction were negatively related to depression. Self-care was negatively related to social support network. Conclusion: Programs are needed for elderly with hypertension to improve their cognitive function, depression, and social support. Also further studies are needed to confirm the factors related to self-care in the elderly with hypertension.