• Title/Summary/Keyword: Korean rice-wine

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Anti-inflammatory Effects of Extracts and Their Solvent Fractions of Rice Wine Lees (주박 추출물과 이들의 유기용매 분획물에 의한 항염증 활성)

  • Park, Mi-Jeong;Kang, Hyung-Taek;Kim, Mi-Sun;Shin, Woo-Chang;Sohn, Ho-Yong;Kim, Jong-Sik
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.24 no.8
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    • pp.843-850
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    • 2014
  • In the current study, we prepared eighty-five different kinds of solvent fractions of rice wine lees and nuruk extracts and investigated their effects on cell viability and nitric oxide (NO) production in mouse RAW 264.7 cells. Among the treated solvent fractions, only three solvent fractions (KSD-E1-3, KSD-E2-3 and KSD-E4-3) significantly decreased NO production in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells without affecting cell viability. And, they also reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as COX-2, TNF-alpha and iNOS. To understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the inhibition of inflammation in (KSD-E4-3)-treated RAW 264.7 cells, we carried out oligo DNA microarray analysis using Agilent Mouse microarray. To confirm microarray data, 6 genes (IL-1F6, iNOS, IL-10, Fabp4, IL-1RN and CSF2) were selected and performed RT-PCR and quantitative real-time PCR analysis with gene specific primers. The results of RT-PCR and real-time PCR agreed with microarray data. Overall, our results suggest that rice wine lees can be a novel resource for the development of foods and drugs which possess anti-inflammatory activity.

Waxy Rice Variety-dependent Variations in Physicochemical Characteristics of Sogokju, a Korean Traditional Rice Wine (찰벼 품종에 따른 소곡주의 이화학적 특성)

  • Lee, Jin-Seok;Woo, Koan-Sik;Chun, Ar-Eum;Na, Jang-Yeon;Kim, Kee-Jong
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.54 no.2
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    • pp.172-180
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    • 2009
  • This study was carried out to compare the physicochemical characteristics and sensory quality of Sogokju (Korean traditional rice wine) prepared with waxy rice varieties. Among tested waxy rice varieties, highest protein contents (8.11%) was observed in cv. Sangjuchal, and highest whiteness and L-value were observed in cv. Hwaseonchal, while no significant differences in gelatinization temperature could be observed among tested varieties, and cv. Boseokchal and Sinseonchal exhibited higher breakdown viscosity compared to the others. The alcohol contents of Sogokju with waxy rice varieties ranges from 13.0 to 13.4%, and the brix degree and turbidity were within the range of 20.5 to 24.6 $^{\circ}Bx$, and 0.0344 to 0.0530, respectively. The highest L-value (6.90), b-value (l.45), pH (4.79), total acidity (0.8384%), and glucose content (10.843 g/100 ml) could be observed in Sogokju made with cv. Sangjuchal. The organic acids such as succinic acid, malic acid, citric acid and oxalic acid could be detected in Sogokju. Although no variety-dependant differences in appearance, aroma, and taste could be found in sensory evaluation, Sogokju made with cvs. Sinseonchal, Haepyeongchal, and Hwaseonchal showed higher overall quality than Sogokju made with cv. Dongjinchal, which is most widely used for Sogokju used for Sogokju production nowadays.

Current Status and Recent Subjects of Rice Products Development in Korea (국내 쌀 가공식품의 개발현황과 당면과제)

  • 금준석
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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    • 2002.08a
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    • pp.109-119
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    • 2002
  • Rice production in Korea began to rise significantly after 1970. Rice is the dominant food in Korea and most of the rice production (about 95%) is consumed as cooked rice. it provides over 4,000Kj of energy per capita per day. Apparent rice availability in 2000, 93.6Kg of milled rice per person annually. The non-allergenic character of rice offers a sound basis for development of products for markets for all age groups. Whole grains are washed rice, coated rice, enriched rice in Korea. Utilization of rice as food can be categorized three categories in Korea; direct food use, processed foods, and brewing. Rice for direct consumption include regular whole grain, precooked rice, brown rice and specialty products such as aseptic cooked rice, retort cooked rice and rice burger. Rice used for processed foods includes that for cereal, soup, baby food, snack, cake, noodle, brown rice tea, and minor unclassified uses. Rice use for brewing is for the production of fermented rice wine. The use of rice for direct food is by for the greatest of the three uses. Although direct food accounts for the largest domestic consumption, a significant quantity of rice is used in processed products. The use of rice by-products as human food should not be over looked. Utilization of by products(rice germ, rice bran) requires a specialized technology. Typical type of rice is black rice. When cooked, black rice gives a black color to cooked rice. Glutinous rice performs specific functions in several commercial products such as dessert, gravis, cake and snack. Rice starch production is quite limited because of the high cost of making of starch. Rice processed products in Korea are occupied small parts of total rice production compared to Japan. Rice cake (Garadog) is the principal from of rice product consumed in Korea. Rice cake and snack is usually prepared from non-glutinous milled by washing, grinding, steaming, cooling and packaging. Rice cake will be continued to be a major rice product in Korea. Rice products represent a means to study variety differences in rice grain quality, since the processing magnifies differences not normally detected from more boiling. Recently, rice processing companies in Korea are about 400 ones which uses rice about 160,000tons. New rice processed products and modified traditional products must be developed and diversified with high quality and processing properties of rice processed products are improved.

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Cross-Cultural Comparison of Sensory Characteristics of Makgeolli (Korean rice wine) by Japanese and Korean Panels (막걸리의 교차문화적 관능 특성 연구)

  • Yang, Jeong Eun;Choi, Jun Bong;Chung, Lana
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.529-543
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    • 2014
  • The objectives of this study were to perform a descriptive analysis to characterize and compare the sensory properties of commercial Makgeolli products as well as a cross-cultural comparison of the sensory descriptions of these products between two sensory panels (Korean and Japanese). The samples used in this study were seven different types of Makgeolli, which were commercial products. A total of 10 Korean and 7 Japanese panelists were selected in Korea. Each group was trained, and they identified product attributes and performed descriptive analyses independently. The Korean and Japanese panelists generated 34 and 28 sensory attributes, respectively, to describe appearance, odor/aroma, taste/flavor, texture, and after flavor of the products. There were significant differences among the samples for 24 attributes by Korean and 23 attributes by Japanese panelists. Although there was not a large difference in the number of descriptors between Korean and Japanese panels, the Korean panelists generated more various attributes associated with flavor than the Japanese panelists, and the attributes of Japanese panelists included references to non-food products such as rotten grass. Multiple factor analysis (MFA) was applied to the descriptive analysis data from the Korean and Japanese panels to delineate the associations between Makgeolli samples and their sensory characteristics. Both the Korean and Japanese panels clustered the JRM, JSM, KRM and KSM samples into one group and the CRM and BSM samples into another group. The ESM sample was distinguished from the other six samples. These results of the cross-cultural comparison suggest that comparative analyses of sensory profiles between cultures should be conducted regularly in future studies, and further research such as consumer acceptance tests should be conducted to determine the sensory characteristics that drive consumer acceptance of Makgeolli products in the context of increasing food product exports to other countries.

Quality Characteristics of Jeung-pyun Added with Purple Sweet Potato (자색고구마를 첨가한 증편의 품질특성 및 기호도 분석)

  • Choi, Eunsil;Chung, Lana
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.323-331
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    • 2017
  • This study examined the quality characteristics of Jeung-pyeon made with wet non-glutinous rice flour and rice wine. The samples of Jeung-pyeon were prepared with different ratios of cooked purple sweet potato (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12%) to analyze the water content, sugar content, pH, chromaticity, texture characteristics, and sensory evaluation. No significant difference in water content, sugar content, and springiness was observed among the 5 samples. The pH and volume showed the highest level at 0%. The L-value and b-value decreased while the a-value increased. The hardness, chewiness, and gumminess were highest at 9% and lowest at 12%. The extent of violet chromaticity and pore size were optimal in 9%. In addition, 9%-added purple sweet potato showed the highest score of odor, taste, texture, and overall acceptability. In conclusion, the optimal addition for the highest acceptability of cooked purple sweet potato was 9%.

Effect of Ge(Germanium) Treatment on Rice Quality (게르마늄 처리가 쌀 품질에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Duk-Hee;Kim, Kwang-Ok
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.701-707
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    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Ge(germanium) treatment on rice quality. Rice samples were divided into the following treatment groups: control(CON: cultivated without Ge), Ge-1(cultivated with 200 kg of rough stone powder containing 1.6 mg/kg germanium per 10 ha), and Ge-2(cultivated with 500 kg of rough stone powder containing 1.6 mg/kg germanium per 10 ha). The mean total Ge level in the Ge-2 sample was 20.47 ppb. The levels of Ca and Na in the Ge-2 rice increased by 65.12 and 110.28%, respectively, when compared to the control, whereas the Zn, Mn, Fe, Mg and K content decreased by 11.44~30.50%. No significant difference in the percentage weight of C and O was observed among samples. The order of the percentage weight of P, S, and Cl was Ge-2>Ge-1>CON. The free amino acids were higher in samples from the Ge-1 and Ge-2 groups than in samples from the control. The GABA($\gamma$-aminobutyric acid) amount in the Ge-2 products was significantly high compared to other groups. The micro structure of Ge-2 showed a firmer network than the control and had a macroporous structure. Conversely, the Ge-2 products had higher scores for stickiness, hardness and overall taste when compared to the other groups. These results suggest that rice treated with rough stone powder containing germanium can be used in the production of commercially-desired functional rice.

A Study on the Cooking in 'The Kosa-sibi Jip' (2) ("고사십이집(攷事十二集)"의 조리가공에 관한 분석적 연구(2))

  • 김성미
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.1-19
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    • 1994
  • In this paper, twenty-five kinds of food presented in Sooljip(戌集) 5 and 6 of Food collections of 'Kosa-sibi Jip(攷事十二集)' have been classified into four : Staple food, subsidiary food, Tuck(rice cake) and Han-gwa(Korean confectionery), and Tang-jng and tea. Cooking processes have been examined and scientifically analyzed in terms of cooking, Fourteen kinds of Jook (thick gruel with cereal) as well as Urak-Jook were presented among the methods of making Jook, one of staple foods. Milk and ground rice were boiled together into Urak-Jook, which was nutritious because of carbohydrate, added to milk. Hong-sa Myun was mode of ground shrimps, ground bean, ground rice and flour which were kneaded together. It was a nutritiously balanced food. Nineteen kinds of Kimchi presented in this book were classified by the recipes. The five of Jook-soon Ja, U-so Ja, Tam-bok Ja and Jo-gang were made by adding red malt and cereals(boiled rice or candies). Jo-gang, Jo-ga and Jo-gwa-chae were made by adding salt and rice wine. With salt and fermenters added, eight were made. Chim-jup-jeo-ga was made by adding Jang(soy-bean sauce) and the inner chaff of wheat instead of salt. The four of Ka-za-san, Hwang-gwa-san, Tong-gwa-san and Jo-gang were made by adding salt and vinegar. Jo-gang was made by adding salt, rice wine, residue of rice wine and candies. The four of Kae-mal-ga, Ku-cho-chim-chae, Un-gu-hwa and Suk-hwa-chim-chim-chae were made by adding salt and spices. San-got-Kimchi was made without salt. San-got-Kimchi and Suk-hwa-chim-chae were made originally in Korea. Suk-hwa-chim-chae, in particular, was first classified as a kind of Kimchi in this book and oysters were added, which is notable. Pork could be preserved longer when smoked oven the weak fire of thatch ten days and nights. Dog meat was sauced and placed on the bones in a pot. A porcelain was put on the top of the pot. Flour paste sealed the gap between the porcelain and the pot. Some water was poured into the porcelain, and the meat was steamed, with two or three thatched sacks burned, which was a distilled dry steaming. This process has been in use up to now. Various cooking methods of chicken were presented from in Umsik-dimi-bang to in Chosun Musang Sinsik Yori Jebup. These methods were ever present regardless of ages. Such measuring units as Guin(斤) and Nyang(兩) were most frequently used in cooking processes of this book, except in case of Jang(soy bean sauce), vinegar and liquor. Twenty eight kinds of kitchenware and cookers were used, of which porcelains wee most used and pans and sieves followed. The scientific eight cooking methods were as follows. First, salt was refined through saturated solution. Next, it was recommended Hong-sa Myun containing shrimps should not be taken along with pork, which is thought to be a proper diet in terms of cholesterol contained by shrimps and pork. Third, meat was coated with thin gruel and quickly roasted and cleared of the dried gruel membrane, which prevented nutrients from exuding and helped to make the meat well-done. Fourth, The fruit of paper mulberry trees has the protease which can soften meat. Therefore when meat was boiled with th fruit of paper mulberry trees, it can be softened easily. Fifth, pork was smoked over the weak fire of thatch. Sixth, in cooking dog meat, distilled dry steaming raised the boiling point and made it possible to preserve meat longer. Seventh, in boiling the sole of a bear, lime was added, which made meat tender by making the pH lower or higher than that of raw meat. Finally, in boiling down rice gluten, a porcelain in the pot prevented boiling over the brim, which is applied to pots in which to boil medical herbs.

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Body Mass Index, Anthropometric Factors, and Food and Nutrient Intakes of Korean Middle-Aged Males by Year : Based on 2001~2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (한국 중년 남성의 연도별 체질량지수, 신체계측치, 식품 및 영양소 섭취량 변화 : 국민건강영양조사 결과(2001~2011))

  • Choi, Soon-Nam;Jho, Kwang-Hyun;Chung, Nam-Yong
    • Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.88-105
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    • 2016
  • This study investigated anthropometric and biochemical characteristics, food and nutrient intakes, and changes in body mass index (BMI) of Korean middle age men (40~49 yrs). Data on BMI, anthropometric (height, weight, waist circumference, body mass index, blood pressure), and biochemical (total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, hemoglobin, GOT, GPT) characteristics, food and nutrients intakes, nutrient density, and index of nutrient quality were obtained from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2001, 2005, 2011). Subjects were divided into three groups by year. Weight, BMI, and hemoglobin increased significantly by year. All anthropometric factors except height showed a positive relation with BMI by year. Consumption of barley, chinese noodle, confections, soybean milk, egg, ice cream, pizza, fried foods, banana, coffee, and raw rice wine increased significantly by year. Intake ratios of nutrients except water and fiber were over 100% of KDRI generally. INQ according to intakes of protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin per 1,000 kcal increased significantly by year. Distribution of BMI status of subjects showed a significant difference by exercise. The findings of the present study show that BMI of subjects increased by year, and intakes of all nutrients except calcium and riboflavin showed aspects of overnutrition by year. Intakes of fruits decreased while intakes of raw rice wine and coffee increased by year. Therefore, practical and systematic nutrition programs are required to maintain optimum BMI and appropriate intakes of nutrients to maintain a desirable lifestyle and improve dietary life.

A Study on Cookery Characteristise of Korean Cakes -On the Yugwa- (한국(韓國) 병과류(餠菓類)의 조리학적(調理學的) 연구(硏究) -유과(油菓)를 중심(中心)으로-)

  • Han, Jae-Sook
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.37-41
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    • 1982
  • In order to determine the optimal condition for making Yugwa (one of the Korean traditional cake) the textures in various conditions were studied by sensory test and texturometer. The changes of texture and fat content in the cake were measured along the period of storage. The results were as follows: (1) The cake were classified in 3 groups according to the leavening agent used in the procedure, namely refined rice wine (W), distilled liquor (L) and yeast group (Y). It was the refined rice wine group that had been 'the best' by sensory test. Its brittleness $(1.40{\pm}0.27)$ was higher than those of L and Y. (2) Crispness measured by bend test prior to soaking into syrup were 1.19, 1.23 and 1.63 in W, L, Y, respectively. (3) Chemical composition (%dry basis)) of Yugwa leavened with W included 9.3 of moisture, 1.3 crude protein, 6.7 crude lipid, 66.4 carbohydrate and 16.3 crude ash. (4) Brittleness decreased gradually along the period of storage while the rancidity increased. From the 40th days of storage, the change of brittleness and rancidity were marked as well as the scores of sensory test decreased significantly. (5) Content of linoleic acid in Yugwa decreased along the period of storage from 52.5% of total fatty acid on the first day to 10.9% on the 50th days Main fatty acids in Yugwa were oleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid, all of which were also decreased in content along the period of storage. One remarkable change was the appearance of an unknown fatty acid with 19.54 of retention time, in 50% of total fatty acid, on the 50th day of storage.

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Effects of Tarak, Korean Traditional Fermented Milk, on Proliferation of Immune Cells and Melanin Biosynthesis (전통발효유 타락의 면역세포 증식 및 멜라닌 생성에의 효과 - 연구노트 -)

  • Kim, Soyoung;Choi, Yumi;Lee, Heera;Park, Jisoo;Han, Young-Sook;Ko, Seong-Hee;Jang, Sung-Sik;Kim, Soo-A;Shim, Jae-Hun;Yoon, Hyungeun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.44 no.11
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    • pp.1759-1762
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    • 2015
  • Tarak is a Korean traditional fermented milk product that is fermented by adding rice wine to milk. Tarak was produced with Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei M13-65-3 isolated from rice wine, and its effects on immune cell proliferation and melanin biosynthesis were investigated. Tarak extract significantly increased proliferation of T lymphocyte Jurkat clone E6-1 cells at concentrations from 10 to $100{\mu}g/mL$. Tarak inhibited activities of tyrosinase and ${\alpha}$-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced melanin biosynthesis in mouse skin B16-F10 cells at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$. These results suggest that tarak might have functionalities for enhancing the immune system by increasing immune cell proliferation and regulating melanin biosynthesis.