• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.106-111
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• 2013

In this study, numerical simulations and performance evaluation has been carried out to investigate performance characteristics of air-type high pressure piston pump. ANSYS and CFX were applied for analyzing the structure and flow behavior of air-type high pressure piston pump, respectively. The performance evaluation of high pressure piston pump was performed experimentally, the results were compared with simulation. It was found that the freezing phenomenon was improved by 20% and the pressure fluctuation decreased by 50%, compared with the previous pump.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.327-333
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• 2022

Sri Lanka has four types of mural painting styles; Classic, Late Classic, Kandyan, and Southern styles, but there is little research on scientific analysis for mural paintings. In this study, we analyze white, yellow, and red clay pigments which were collected from ancient producing sites. Analyzing pigment samples shows that samples are containing aluminum oxide(Al₂O₃) and silicon dioxide(SiO₂) which are connected to the soil. And a degree of iron oxidation determines yellow or red colors. To understand the characteristics of clay pigment samples, we go over previous pigment analyses of mural paintings in Sri Lanka. Kaolin is identified after the 17^th century, yellow and red ochre are applied in early periods, Classic and Late Classic styles. The change in raw materials of pigments occurred in the 17^th century.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.2
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• pp.41-49
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• 2000

The most important aspect in preserving ancient paintings is to return the painting to the original state and conserve it in the original state. One traditional recovering method is the use of frame, for which scientific analysis such as X-rays, infrared and microscope are used and materials are carefully selected. Arhat, a Buddhist painting of Koryo Dynasty, one of the Korean National Museum collections has lost its original shape. With conservation treatment, the cause was found, that is to change frame scroll method to mounting method. In the main body, pre-analysis and conservation method of Arhat will be introduced.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2022

The demand for the re-painting of steel bridges is increasing, but surface treatment is still centered on human resources for on-site re-painting processes. Worker safety accidents continue to occur because the work is performed in a narrow space. Recently, PS balls with excellent surface treatment have been used for blasting, but the working environment is poor due to the large amount of dust generated. In this study, an effective surface treatment method using impeller blasting equipment was developed. The correlation between steel ball size, impeller rotation speed, and exposure time was studied to optimize the efficiency of the surface treatment.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.101-114
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• 2016

In the center of our ancestor's culture, there were poetry, calligraphy, and painting. Above all, poetry was the heart of the culture involved in everyday life. The beauty of poetry was not limited to appreciation of the poetry but it influenced calligraphy, painting, seals, music, architecture and even how the ancestors viewed their lives. Categories of poetry(詩品, CP hereafter) is the poetry written to deliberate the style of poems and its influence went beyond the fields of calligraphy and painting. Even now, our architecture reflects the sentimental influences and values of CP. In order to understand the attitude, mind, and the world view of the architects in the past, comprehensive and deep understanding of their philosophy as well as their cultural and social norms is needed. In this paper, CP is used as the means to investigate and develop such understanding of our ancestors' philosophy and culture. This paper also intends to investigate how the seclusive thinking of Neo-Confucianism is reflected in CP and the overall literature. In addition, this paper aims to examine the trace of CP in traditional architecture as well as the relationships and the flow among various styles of CP. This study therefore serves as an important base in understanding the ancestor's philosophy that pursued balance between life and art, reason and emotion, study and practice, and their architectural expression. It is also expected that this study would work as the groundwork to regain our traditional culture identity.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.73-85
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to consider the characteristics of beauty culture in the latter period of Chosun Dynasty from the viewpoint of public morals and find out how characteristic beauty culture was developed along with traditional culture. Therefore, the clothes, the make-up, the style of beard and hair were examined and the beauty culture of women in the latter period Chosun Dynasty was considered. The changes of the beauty culture on the genre painting and the characteristics of the latter period Chosun Dynasty were analyzed. Conclusions are as follows ;First, in case of woman dress, the Korean Jergori was short and the Chima was too long. Due to the diversification of wearing, the underpants play as a decorations. Second, the hair which focus on the cleanness and the sanitation and the skin maintenance method were important. The make-up focus on make-up with powder which emphasis on the slim and round eyebrow, the small and thick lips for the beauty look of the latter period Chosun Dynasty. Third, a unmarried woman did the braids('Taun Muri') and a feme covert did 'Unseen Muri'. As people cling to the big and head of hairs gradually, the chignon('Terae Muri') was in fashion. The beauty culture in the latter period of Chosun Dynasty clothes and cosmetic treatment style were generalized through nobility, common people, lowly people. The imitation mentality which follow after Gisaeng style that led the fashion of that period was shown up. With understanding the beauty culture of the latter period of Chosun Dynasty, the study on the traditional beauty culture should be revitalized. This study help to uplift the pride on Korea traditional culture and to promote the globalization of Korean culture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.131-148
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• 2003

Mural Painting of Koguryo Dynasty. root of Korean traditional pattern. has 5 types of pattern in its 24tombs: Fire pattern. Sun . Moon pattern, Flying angel pattern. Hill.Tree pattern, Holy animal bird Pattern. These patterns had developed specially in 3 regions that are Hwanghae-region, Pyongan-region, Jipan-region. from 4th-7th Century. A lot of fire pattern has found at Pyongan-region in 5th century. The ceiling right above 'Dori' frequently had the pattern. The pattern is organized in 'Kyoho' method. The sun.moon pattern was shown in Pyongan-region in 5th century. '3-leg bird'. representative of sun, and frog, representative of moon. were drawn in the pattern in 6th century, rabbit was added with frog in the pattern. Flying angel pattern had found most in Jipan region in 5th century. The pattern was not found in 4th century. Two types of the pattern are angels playing $$\mu$ical instruments and angels preying. The hill tree pattern was simple, antique, and immature in the beginning. the pattern had developed with real description as a landscape picture after the beginning. this pattern has been categorized as a landscape painting. Holy animal and bird patternn had placed in supporting rock between ceiling and floor with the mean of protection in after life These pattern, which were previously influenced by Chines culture, were developed with a base of Koguryo own tradition and supported establishment of a characterized Koguryo Cloture. This study will be a basic document for modern fashion industry of 21 century.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.10-25
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• 2010

The culture of the play of Korean ancient times is well described in the mural painting of Goguryeo. The example is people appearing in the play painting of performance, dance, hunting, and acrobatics out of 20 mural painting of genre. Their costume is broadly classified into performance, dance, hunting, and acrobatic costume and can be subdivided according to the types of costume. First, the head gear of play costume reflected the formality and social conditions of play. In the performance and hunting costume, all performers wore gwanmo(official hats), which seemed to make it a rule to wear gwanmo. Gwanmo was borrowed intactly from Goguryeo without any changes or decorations, which showed that the status symbolism of head gear was applied intactly to play costume. Second, the play costume of Goguryeo enhanced efficiency by blending daily costume with elements and decorations needed for play performance. Specifically the change of length was prominent: the short sleeves of jeogori(traditional blouse), the long sleeves of dance costume, and fastening below the knee or putting into the long shoes to shorten the length of baji(traditional pants). Finally, as it is well known that there was some differences in the expression modes of daily clothes in Goguryeo between Tonggu and Pyeongyang. Similarly, play costume tried to change costume according to the subject of play but maintained the locality and peculiarity of Goguryeo costume. Although performance costume showed many local differences, it also had similarity and peculiarity. In dance costume, long sleeves and patterns which frequently appeared in the Tonggu area reappeared in the Pyeongyang.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.31-42
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• 2000

This study investigated the history of whakwan (crown, 화관(花冠)) and classified the types of whakwan accordint to its structure. Whakwan seemed to originate from the custome of sticking flowers in the hair which was the reflection of human desire of pursuing the beauty . The whakwan fist appeared in the Oriental painting during the Tang period and became fashionable is Song. It is not clear when whakwan was introduced into Korea, but is assumed to be greatly influenced by the Song whakwan. The Korean record on whakwan showed on whakwan showed fro the fist time in the reign of Kimg Sejong and whakwan was used for the costume of a dancing boy. Through the present type of whakwan appeared only one in the painting of the reign of King Seonjo, there are a number of whakwans in the lattern part of the Chosun dynasty, Now there exist three types of whakwan in Korea. The first type is similar to that of Chokduri in decoration . But it was made of paper, had the double structures of inner and outer part and was decorated by Yangkwan's vertical lines of gilt paper. The second type is the whakwan made of artifical flowers with various color cords and was widely used in Geesung and Pyungyang regions. Finally, though the third type is similar to Sabangkwan, its outside was decorated gaudilly iby Dangchae (colorful painting ) and it was assumed that dancing bodys put it on their head for various banquets. Out of these three types, the first is most representative , Black was the popularly used color for the first type and this type was used either for brides on wedding ceremonies or for shamans or palace dancers. The second type was widely used in Gaesung and Pyungyang regions. But the differences in the shape of whakwan of the two regions showed the regional characteristics of traditional costumes in Korea. The third type was most likely to be used in the dance for palace banquets, but it is necessary to further investigate whether shamans actually wore this type of whakwan.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1-21
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the gender division of housework in the Choson period. The gender division in the Choson period has been considered as discriminative because women had to remain indoors and were excluded in social works. But in fact the Confucian idea, which regulated the relation between women and men, emphasized the gender difference and not gender discrimination. Actually it can be seen in genre painting of Choson period that women and men worked complimentarily indoors. So this article intends to explore the possibilities of the new analysis of the traditional gender division of housework by reviewing the paintings. As the results indicate, men in the Choson period were involved in some housework, in contrast to the common idea that they maintained their authority by not participating housework. There is also some evidence that gender division benefited women to protect their own productive territory or to satisfy their needs. So it is suggested that gender division in the Choson period should be considered as a source of power as well as a disadvantage to women. Forth, the employed mens' reemployment decision was affected from their household income, expected income after retirement, pension ownership, and attitude toward retirement. From the findings, it can be concluded that the employed mens' age, economic status, and attitude toward retirement played a important role in the process of retirement and reemployment decision making.