• 한국방사선학회논문지
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.161-169
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 입체적 분포를 형성한 시각신경계에 대하여 MRI 시스템의 경사자기장으로써 하나의 스캔 대상단면을 3차원 형태의 여러 방향으로 향하게 하는 다중사위 스캔각도의 변화에 관하여 실험하였고 기존의 단순각도 사방향 검사방법과 비교 고찰 하였다. 입체적 분포를 이루는 뇌의 시각신경계에 대하여 MR 시스템의 경사자기장으로써 국내 정상 성인을 대상으로 시각신경의 사위영상화를 위한 기존의 사위(시상-관상단면) 스캔방법과 다중사위(시상-관상-횡단면) 스캔각도의 변화를 실험하였다. 그 결과 다중각도를 이용한 사위스캔 방법이 기존의 스캔방법에 비해 더 넓은 영역의 해부학적 정보를 나타내는 것을 영상으로 확인하였다. 또한 시각신경을 명료하게 나타내기 위해서는 영상단면두께와 펄스시퀀스의 선택도 고려되어야할 것으로 확인 되었다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.171-183
• /
• 2010

Objectives : The biomechanical relationship of leg length discrepancy(LLD), Lumbar lordosis, pelvic variance and degenerative scoliosis is one of the most important parameters when treat musculoskeletal disorders, however the reports are still controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare the relationships between the parameters and bothersomeness in subject with chronic ow back pain. Methods : Sixty female and eight male adults with non specific low back pain over 3 months were recruited. LLD was measured by tape measure method. Lumbar lordosis, lumbosacral angle and related pelvic parameters were measured using simple radiologic films of lumbosacral view. Results : Lumbar lordosis was significantly correlated to the lumbosacral angle, pelvic incidence and difference of the both iliac widths. Pelvic incidence had significant correlation with difference of the both iliac widths. And difference of both iliac widths was related with LLD by radiologic film. There was also significant correlation between the LLD by radiologic film and tape measurement. Visual analogue scale(chronic low back pain) of normal lordosis group was greater than hyperlordosis group. Conclusions : There were close biomechanical relationships between lumbar, pelvis, and lower extremity. But in order to determine the effect of structure on the chronic low back pain, global balance of musculoskeletal structure seems to be worth further researching.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.194-200
• /
• 2017

Purpose: This study examined the effect of Kettle bell swing exercise on the body composition and lower limb muscular activity. Methods: As subjects, 26 normal adults in their twenties were divided randomly into the experiment group (n=13), in which Kettle bell exercise was applied, and the control group (n=13), in which bar exercise was applied. Both groups participated in the interventions for eight weeks with three sessions per week. Each group was assessed before training and four and eight weeks into the training to determine the effects of training intervention within and between the groups. The body composition was measured with a body composition analyzer. The changes in muscle activity were measured with a surface electromyography. An independent t-test was conducted to test the significance between the groups according to the measurement points and Repeated measured ANOVA was performed to compare the groups according to the periods with the statistical significance level set to ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: No significant changes to the main effects of time and the interactions of time according to the measurement points were observed in the Kettle bell and control groups in the body composition (p>0.05). The muscular activity of both muscles were significantly different between the Kettle bell and control groups according to the measurement points with the exception of the right lateral gastrocnemius muscle (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that Kettle bell swing exercise can have positive effects on the development of lower limb muscles.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제33권8호
• /
• pp.1190-1202
• /
• 2009

A 3D body scan measurement (SM) is used as an alternative to physical measurements (PM) as the information for designing industrial products. This study compared the mean difference (MD) between SM and PM by gender and analyzed the causes of the difference. The data used in this study were the scan measurements and physical measurements of adults aged twenty to seventy years old of the fifth Size Korea survey. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The comparison of MD between men and women for all subjects: The measurement of the significant differences between men and women were height, neck base girth, chest girth, under-bust girth, waist girth, armscye girth, back length, and foot length. The causes of difference are the difference of body shape. 2. The comparison of MD between men and women by BMI groups: Many measurements had significant differences between men and women at normal weight and overweight but underweight. Some measurements had significant differences only at a specific BMI group because the body shape difference between men and women is revealed clearly in the group. The comparison of MD between men and women by age groups: The measurements that show significant difference at more than four age groups were neck girth, chest girth, under-bust girth, waist girth, armscye girth, and foot length. The height and abdomen girth had a significant difference in the age range of 20's and 30's. There were measurements that increase MD with an increase in age; under-bust girth and lateral shoulder length for women and lateral shoulder length for men. This comparison of MD between men and women provide the correct guidelines for the use of SM.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.351-361
• /
• 1988

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between fashion style adoption and consumers' demographic characteristics, selection criteria and use of fashion information sources respectively and find out how their concerned variables influenced high fashion style adoption. For this study, the questionnaire was administered to a sample of 554 female adults in Kwangju. frequency distribution, Mean, Pearson's Correlation, Analysis of variance and Path Analysis were used fer the statistical analysis. The results obtained were as followers. 1) Level of fashion style adoption showed a normal distribution like a wave. 2) Consumer's demographic characteristics variables, such as age, educational level and income significantly associated with fashion style adoption. Younger consumers adopted tile high fashion style 41)an more aged consumers. while consumers in higher educational and income level adopted high fashion style than consumers in lower. 3) Among individuality, conformity, practicality and economy in selection criterias, only individually and practicality associated with fastion style adoption in clothing purchase. In the case of the high fashion style adoption, purchasing with individuality was increased, while purchasing with practicality was decreased. 4) The use of marketer dominated sources in fashion information sources significantlyassociated with fashion style adoption. In the case of high fashion style adoption, the use of marketer dominated and neutral information sources was higher. 5) The use of marketer dominated information sources had a main effect on high fashion style adoption in clothing purchase. Especially in the group composed of college students and occupational women, individuality and praticality as selection criterias came to be important effects. While in the group composed of housewives and non-occupational single women, age, educational level and income came to be important effects.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.167-171
• /
• 2000

Nasal obstruction due to nasal deformities, rhinitis, sinusitis, or nasal polyps etc. induces hyponasality, which can influence the articulation and/or phonation of patients. However few studies were done on the subjects. Therefore, this study was performed to establish the guideline that can be used in diagnosing the hyponasality. We analyzed the nasalance scores of 6 different sentences for 26 normal adults. We measured the nasalance scores before simulated nasal obstruction, after one nostril obstruction, and after both nostrils obstruction, while the subjects are reading roe nasal sentences(so-called, 'Mama' sentence, 'Mimi' sentence, and 'Nana' sentence) and three non-nasal sentences('Papa' sentence, 'Bibi' sentence, and 'Tatda' sentence). The change of nasalance score of six sentences were compared in three conditions, that is, without obstruction, with one nostril obstruction, and with both nostrils obstruction. The nasalance scores of one nostril obstruction and both nostrils obstruction were significantly lower than those of no obstruction. The mean nasalance scores of one nostril obstruction and both nostrils obstruction were lower than those of no obstruction by 10.93% and 48.88% in 'Mama' sentence, 3.72% and 5.76% in 'Papa' sentence, 12.28% nd 38.12% in 'Mimi' sentence, 7.28% and 12.96% in 'Bibi' sentence, 13.32% and 34.62% in 'Nana' sentence, 4.27% and 717% in 'Tatda' sentence, respectively. In both nostrils obstruction, the nasalance score of nasal sentences were decreased more than those of non-nasal sentences significantly. The result suggests that nasal sentences can be used as efficient stimuli in assessing the patients suspected of hyponasality. Eventhough non-nasal sentences also induced significant discrimination, the dynamic range was too small.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.141-144
• /
• 2004

Background and Objectives : To compare acoustic, aerodynamic analysis of voice and intelligibility score in patients with near-total laryngectomy and implantation of Provox prothesis. Material and Methods : In order to evaluate the voice characteristics, acoustic, aerodynamic parameter and speech intelligibility were measured in 5 patients after near-total laryngectomy, 5 patients after implantation of Provox prosthesis with total bility were measured in 5 patients after near-total laryngectomy, 5 patients after implantation of Provox prosthesis with total laryngectomy and 10 adults normal speaker. Acoustic analysis was carried out using CSL and aerodynamic analysis was carried out using Aerophon II. Speech sample was recorded and 10 listener was scored for speech intelligibility using a percentage of words correctly identified. Results. Fundamental frequency($F_0$), intensity, jitter, shimmer, maximal phonation time(MPT), subglottic air pressure were used for parameters for voice analysis. There were no significant difference between two group except on fundamental frequency and shimmer. The fundamental frequency was higher in patients with near-total laryngectomy and shimmer was higher in patients after implantation of Provox prosthesis with total laryngectomy. In addition, speech intelligibility was no significant difference between two groups. Conclusion : This results confirm that near-total laryngectomy and implantation of Provox prosthesis provides good voice rehabilitation.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.495-509
• /
• 2009

Objective : Membranous nephropathy(MN) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease and a relatively common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults worldwide. But treatment of MN is not defined. This study was to evaluate the effects of Acasia Catechu extract(ACE) on the MN induced by cBSA in mice. Methods : Mice were divided into 4 groups. The normal group was injected with a saline solution. The control group was treated with cBSA(10 mg/kg i.p.) only. The third group was treated with cBSA (10 mg/kg i.p.) and ACE (250 mg/kg, p.o.). The fourth group was treated with cBSA (10mg/kg i.p.) and ACE (500mg/kg, p.o.). After cBSA and ACE treatment for 6 weeks, we measured change of body weight, 24hrs proteinuria, serum albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, BUN, creatinine, TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6, IL-$1{\beta}$, IFN-$\gamma$, IgA, IgM and IgG levels. The morphologic changes of renal glomeruli were also observed with a light microscope. Results : The levels of 24 hrs proteinuria, total cholesterol, triglyceride, IgG, IgM, IgA, TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6, IL-$1{\beta}$, IFN-$\gamma$ significantly decreased in both ACE groups. The level of albumin significantly increased in both ACE groups. The mRNA expression of IL-$1{\beta}$ in splenocytes considerably decreased in the ACE-500 group. In histological findings of kidney tissue, thickening of GBM decreased in both ACE groups. Conclusions : This study shows that ACE might be effective for treatment of MN. More clinical data and studies are to be done for efficient application.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.49-54
• /
• 2016

PURPOSE: This study was implemented to measure the muscle activity of muscles surrounding shoulder during push-up exercise according to the slope angle. METHODS: This study has research subject consisting of 25 normal male adults without neurologic or musculoskeletal injury in shoulder part. EMG was used as a tool for measuring muscle activity and four muscles including upper trapezius (UT), middle trapezius (MT), Lower Trapezius (LT), and Serratus Anterior (SA) were chosen for measuring the muscle activity of muscles surrounding shoulder. Tilting table slope was set at $0^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, and $60^{\circ}$ and push-up motion was performed three time for each case to use the average value. The measured value was used after generalization process to create %RVC value where the measured value was standardized by using $0^{\circ}$ as a standard. RESULTS: There was a difference of muscle activity according to the tilting table slope during push-up exercise. In UT, MT, and SA, there was no significant $0^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$. But there was significant $30^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$. LT was significant difference between $45^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ (p<.05). CONCLUSION: There are cases where push-up exercise should be selectively implemented due to shoulder problems. According to this results between $0^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$, push up will be able to more effectively exercise. Applying proper angle of tilting table for push-up to patients who have difficulties in performing motions along with physical consumption can deliver effective and easy exercise program.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.34-42
• /
• 1995

청소년기의 경계선 인격장애는 충동조절의 결여, 타인에 대한 평가절하와 자신보다는 대상에 대하여 만족감을 얻으려는 욕구, 분리 방어기제를 특징으로 하는 인격장애로서 성인의 경계선 인격장애와 비슷한 양상으로 나타난다. 청소년기의 경계선 인격장애의 주요한 증상은 우울, 불안, 정체성 위기와 이러한 정체성 위기로 인한 반사회적인 행동을 흔히 볼 수 있다. 따라서 이들 증상들과 정상 청소년들이 보일 수 있는 질풍노도의 양상과 구별이 힘든 경우가 있다. 경계선 인격장애에서는 대상관계의 불안정, 정동의 불안정, 분리 등 미숙한 방어기제로 인해서 심한 스트레스하에서 정신병적 삽화가 나타날 수 있으며, 이로인해 정신분열증, 정동장애, 분열형 인격장애, 편집형 인격장애등과 감별진단이 필요하다. 청소년기 경계선 인격장애의 원인으로는 정신역동적 요소, 유전적 요인을 포함한 생물학적 요소, 가족역동적인 요소등을 복합적으로 고려해야 한다. 치료는 개인정신치료, 그룹치료, 가족치료, 약물치료 등이 있다. 소아 청소년기 경계선 인격장애가 성인기 경계선 인격장애로 될 것인가에 대해서는 논란이 되고 있다.