• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2009

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the test-retest reliability of balance measurements in older adults using balance measurement system(Good Balance). Methods: The subjects consisted of 49 female and 20 male in community-dwelling older adults. This study used a repeated-measure design. Each subject completed all the different tests once and they were then repeated with 2 minutes in between. Repeated two-ways analysis of variance(ANOVA), representing two test times and both sexes, was calculated for each of the two dependent variables. Intraclass correlation coefficients(ICCs) were used to assess the test-retest reliability. Results: 1) There was not significant difference between test and retest for mediolateral sway speed and anterioposterior sway speed under conditions of normal standing with eyes open, normal standing with eyes closed and semitandem standing with eyes open. There was not significant difference between males and females for mediolateral sway speed and anterioposterior sway speed under conditions of normal standing with eyes open, normal standing with eyes closed and semitandem standing with eyes open. There were not the interaction effects between genders and test time under three conditions. 2) The reproducibility between test and retest was excellent for anterioposterior sway speed(ICC=.77) under condition of normal standing with eyes open, and for mediolateral sway speed(ICC=.76) and anterioposterior sway speed(ICC=.84) under condition of semitandem standing with eyes open. The reproducibility between test and retest was fair to good for mediolateral sway speed(ICC=.64) under condition of normal standing with eyes open, for mediolateral sway speed(ICC=.63) and anterioposterior sway speed(ICC=.75) under condition of normal standing with eyes closed. Conclusion: Balance tests in older adults using balance measurement system(Good Balance) demonstrated acceptable levels of reliability.

• 음성과학
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2005

The purpose of the this study was to establish preliminary data on the characteristic of dysfluency in monologue. The subjects were 30 normal speaking adults(15 males and 15 females), aged from 18 to 30 and 30 normal speaking children, aged from 8 to 10. This study attempted to sample 1-minute portion of talking about the daily routine. Videotapes were made to analyze his/her speech sample in terms of the patterns and the frequency of dysfluency. The result of the present study were a follows: (1) The children had total dysfluency type ratios of 12.48%, dysfluency type ratios of 2.83%. Interjection was the most frequently occuring, followed by revision, incomplete phrase. (2) The adults had total dysfluency type ratios of 8.51%, dysfluency type ratios of 0.59%. Interjection was the most frequently occuring, followed by revision, syllable repetition. (3) In adults, both total dysfluency type ratios and dysfluency type ratios differed significantly by the gender. (4) Both total dysfluency type ratios and dysfluency type ratios differed significantly between adults and children.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2015

In the present study, we investigated ability of recognition of auditory perception with regards to the quality of voice in postlingual CI adults and proposed a training program to improve within subject reliability. A prospective case-control study was conducted in adults with 7 postlingual deaf who received a CI surgery and 10 normal hearing controls. The pre and post test and training program included parameters of consensus auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice(CAPE-V) with pathological voice sample by using Alvin. In results of pre-post test for monitoring improvements of internal reliability for listeners via the training program, there was statistically significant difference in both test and group. There was statistically significant difference in internal reliability between pre-post test in the normal hearing group, the result was no significant in the CI group. The present study found that CI adults showed less ability in awareness of voice quality compared to normal hearing group. Also the training program improved pitch and loudness in CI adults.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2009

This study investigates the differences in mean F0, intensity, jitter and shimmer across hearing aid, gender and vowels. For this study, 20 hearing-impaired adults and 20 normal hearing adults as a control group were asked to read 7 Korean vowels(/$\alpha$, $\Lambda$, o, u, ɯ, i, $\varepsilon$/). Subjects' readings were recorded by NasalView and analyzed by Praat. Results showed that the means of F0 were significantly higher in the hearing impaired group(HL) than in the normal hearing group(NH), in the female group than in male group, and in high vowels than in low vowels. Second, intensity was significantly higher in the normal hearing group(NH) than in the hearing impaired group(HL), in male group than in female group, and in low vowels than in high vowels. Third, jitter was significantly higher in the normal hearing group(NH) than in the hearing impaired group(HL), and in female group than in male group and in the back vowels than in front vowels. Finally, shimmer was significantly higher in the normal hearing group(NH) than in the hearing impaired group(HL), and in male group than in female group. In particular, the male group showed that front vowels tend to have higher shimmer than back vowels.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2009

This study was carried out to determine whether a short-term zinc supplementation could improve the zinc status without adverse changes in copper status among type 2 diabetic patients. Seventy-six diabetic subjects and 72 normal adults participated in this study. Subjects were randomly divided into supplemented and control groups. Forty-four diabetic patients and 34 normal subjects were supplemented with 50 mg zinc gluconate daily for 4 weeks. Dietary intakes of participants were measured for two non-consecutive days by 24-hour recall method. Nutritional status of zinc and copper were also evaluated by biochemical measurement of fasting plasma samples and spot urinary collection. At baseline, diabetic patients showed significantly lower levels of dietary zinc intake and higher urinary zinc excretion than the normal adult group(p<0.05, p<0.0001). Plasma level of zinc was not significantly different between diabetic and normal adults at baseline. However, plasma zinc level increased significantly in both diabetic patients and normal adults after zinc supplementation. The changes in plasma copper levels following zinc supplementation were not statistically significant in diabetic subjects as well as in normal adults. These results indicated that four weeks of zinc supplementation did not influence Cu status and that it may contribute to improving the zinc status. Therefore, we suggest that Zn supplementation for a short-term period may improve marginal zinc status of diabetic patients without interfering with their copper status

• 음성과학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2002

This study tested normal hearing adults' auditory perception of rhythm and intonation patterns, with low-frequency speech energy. The results showed that the narrow-band low-frequency zones of 125, 250, or 500 Hz provided the same important rhythm and intonation cues as did the wide-band condition. This suggested that an auditory training strategy that uses low-frequency filters would be effective for structuring or re-structuring the perception of rhythm and intonation patterns. These filters force the client to focus on these patterns, because the speech intelligibility is drastically reduced. This strategy can be used with both normal-hearing and hearing impaired children and adults with poor listening skills, and possibly poor speech intelligibility.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제64호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate prosodic characteristics in the speech of adults with cerebral palsy through a comparison with the speech of normal speakers. Ten speakers with cerebral palsy (6 males, 4 females) and 6 normal speakers (3 males, 3 females) served as subjects. The results revealed that, compared to normal speakers, speakers with cerebral palsy showed a slower speech rate, a larger number of intonational phrases(IPs) and pauses, a larger number of accentual phrases(APs) per IP, a longer duration of pauses, and more gradual slopes of [L +H] in APs. However, the two groups showed similar tone patterns in their APs. The results also showed mild to moderate correlations between speech intelligibility and the prosodic properties which showed significant differences between the two groups, suggesting that they could be important prosodic factors to predict speech intelligibility in the speech of adults with cerebral palsy.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2007년도 한국음성과학회 공동학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.163-166
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• 2007

Our present study was performed to investigate acoustically the Chines normal adults' voices. 60 Chines normal adults (30 males and 30 females) of the age of 20 to 39 years oridyced systained vowel /a/ and, by analyzing them acoustically with Dr. Speech, we could get the fundamental frequency (Fo), jitter, shimmer, NNE. As results, on the average, male voices showed 1I8.1Hz in Fo, 0.186% in jitter, 1.12% in shimmer, and -13.7dB in NNE. And, female voices showed 252.4Hz in Fo, 0.186% in jitter, 0.81% in shimmer, and -1I.3dB in NNE. Every parameter except Fo showed no significant difference between male and female voices.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 1980

The purpose of this study was giving some helpful datas in analysing the degree of anteroposterior jaw disharmony with the 'Wits' appraisal. The cephalograms of 105 Korean adults with normal occlusion ranging from 17 to 20 years of age and 76 Koreans with various malocclusion ranging from 12 to 24 years of age were studied and analyzed statistically. The results were as follows; 1. The mean value of 'Wits' appraisal in normal occlusion group was -0.82mm in males and -0.17mm in females. 2. There was no significant difference between the males and females in normal occlusion group. 3, The mean value of 'Wits' appraisal in Angles class II malocclusion group was 2.67mm and higher than normal group. 4. The mean value of 'Wits' appraisal in Angles class III malocclusion group was -8.11 mm and lower than normal group.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.304-311
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• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of malocclusion or orthodontic treatment on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in adults. Methods: The sample consisted of 860 adults (378 men and 482 women, aged 18-39 years) who were clinically evaluated for malocclusion or orthodontic treatment experience. Participants were divided into 4 groups as follows: normal occlusion, malocclusion, fixed treatment, and retention. OHRQoL was assessed with the short form of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). Results: The malocclusion group and the fixed treatment group had significantly higher OHIP-14 scores than the normal occlusion group and the retention group (p < 0.001). The malocclusion group had the highest PIDAQ score, while the normal occlusion group and the retention group had the lowest PIDAQ score (p < 0.001). Women had higher OHIP-14 and PIDAQ scores than men. A significant positive correlation was found between OHIP-14 and PIDAQ scores (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Malocclusion has a negative impact on OHRQoL, but this could be improved in adults through orthodontic treatment. These OHRQoL questionnaires can provide additional useful information on specific aspects of orthodontic patients' psychological state.