• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.257-264
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• 1999

The objective of this study was to estimate the possibility of use as a crude feed about Korean pine foliage. Foliage was fermented aerobic and anaerobic state. And then, it was fed Korean native bull 5 to 6 month old. Bulls were fed control (n=4), aerobic fermented (n=4) and anaerobic fermented (n=4) feed 30 percent of total ration. Bulls were examined with blood sample and body weight on day 0, 60, 120 and 180. There were no differences on complete blood cell count serum chemistry and incidence of disease among groups for experiment period. Also, electrolytes (Ca, Mg, P) balance were good condition. Experimental feed did not induced toxicosis in kidney and liver, Fermented foliage and leaves of Korean softwood were efficient crude feed in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Experimental feed induced growth of Korean native bull body weight in growing stage without retard. In addition to anaerobic fermented feed has a more higher growth rate than control feed. Our conclusion is that fermented softwood substitute some part of ration, minimum 30 percent, in growing stage of a Korean native bull.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.591-596
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• 1993

The smear preparations of the semen from Korean native bull and the tissue preparations of the organs from male and female mice were performed by fluorescent staining method. More than 600 spermatozoa per straw from two semen straw groups and more than 300 cells per mouse organ from two mice per sex were observed and then the ratio of spermatozoa bearing B-body and the cells bearing F-body were assessed, respectively. 1. The ratios of spermatozoa bearing B-body in semen of Korean native bull were $37.3{\pm}3.1%$. 2. The ratios of cells bearing F-body in the organs of mice were $63.5{\pm}4.5%$ in male tissues and $7.5{\pm}3.2%$ in female tissues. 3. The organs with higher appearance frequency of F-body were ordered as brain, kidney, stomach, lung, testis, liver, small intestine, spleen and pancreas in male mice and pancreas, small intestine, liver, brain, kidney, lung, spleen and stomach in female mice.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.243-248
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• 2017

Antioxidants have been added to cryoprotectant or in vitro culture medium for sperm to reduce the detrimental damage, such as reactive oxygen species. However, curcumin, an antioxidant, shows dual effect on the viability and progressive motility of bovine sperm exposed to hydrogen peroxide. Low concentration of curcumin increases sperm viability and progressive motility, whereas high concentration of curcumin reduces them. This study was performed to identify whether TREK-1 channel is related to low sperm viability and motility induced by high concentration of curcumin. Curcumin reduced TREK-1 channel activity in a dose-dependent manner. TREK-1 channel was expressed in sperm obtained from Korean native bull. Treatment with TREK-1 channel blockers, such as curcumin, fluoxetine, $GdCl_3$, and spadin, significantly reduced sperm viability and motility (p < 0.05). However, TREK-1 channel activators showed different effect; linoleic acid showed an increase in sperm viability and motility, and wogonin did not affect them. These results show that TREK-1 channel is involved in the regulation of sperm viability and motility. In particular, high concentration of curcumin might reduce sperm viability and progressive motility of Korean native bull through blockage of TREK-1 channel.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.298-303
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• 1984

Pathological study on the Johne's disease of Korean native bull was conducted at August 1983 in Kyunggi province. 5 years old bull was continued with watery, odourless diarrhea for 6 month and appetite was within normal. Clinicohematological examination o

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.448-453
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• 1999

The three-dimensional structure of the Sertoli cell in the Korean native bull was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Morphologically, four types of Sertoli cell processes were evident: 1) sheet-like processes, 2) sleeve-like processes, 3) bough-like processes and 4) finger-like processes. The sheet-like processes rested upon more than half of the surface of each spermatogonia, spermatocyte and spermatid. Sleeve-like processes, bough-like processes and finger-like processes are observed in the middle and apical portion of seminiferous tubule. All Sertoli cell processes are originated from Sertoli cell column. Just before spermiation, the apical sheet-like processes are shifted from their position at the spermatid head, and bough-like processes covered the disengaged residual body, after which the residual body was no longer evident in the tubule. Though the mechanism for this elimination is not known, the process suggests a reciprocity between the Sertoli and germ cells.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of growing stages of the Korean Native Striped Bull (KNSB) on the freezability and fertility of frozen-thawed semen. First, we investigated the total motility (TM) and progressive motility (PM) according to the diluent used for semen freezing. Second, we examined the effect of the age of KNSB on semen volume, TM and PM of fresh and frozen-thawed semen. Third, we examined the effect of frozen semen from the different age of KNSB on the $in-vitro$ fertilization rate, and the artificial insemination pregnancy rate. The diluents used in this experiment were Triladyl$^{(R)}$ and Tris-egg yolk extender (EYE). Semen was collected from 5 KNSB in the growing stage (15 months) and 5 adult KNSB (36 months). When Triladyl or Tris-EYE extender was used for semen freezing, there was no difference of the mean TM and the mean PM. However, the mean TM was significantly higher in Bull No. 1885 than Bull No. 4283 ($p$ <0.05). The mean volume of semen collected from the 15-month-old bulls (2.3 ml) was significantly lower ($p$ <0.05) than that from the 36-month-old bulls (5.0 ml). The mean semen concentration was similar for the 15-month-old ($2.1{\times}10^9$ spermatozoa/ml) and 36-month-old ($1.8{\times}10^9$ spermatozoa/ml) bulls. For the 15-month-old and 36-month-old bulls, the mean TM of fresh semen were 93.7% and 88.3%, respectively, and the mean PM were 97.0% and 88.3%, respectively; the 15-month-old bulls showed a particularly high PM ($p$ <0.05). For the 15-month-old and 36-month-old bulls, the mean TM (56.0% and 58.0%, respectively) and the mean PM (64.0% and 70.7%, respectively) of frozen-thawed semen did not differ. The development rates of embryos after $in-vitro$ fertilization and the pregnancy rate after artificial insemination using frozen-thawed semen did not differ according to the bull's age. In summary, semen volume differed according to the bull's age, but semen concentration and survival rate, the $in-vitro$ fertilization rate, and the pregnancy rate did not differ according to the stripe bull's age. Accordingly, semen from bulls in the growing stage can be collected and frozen for the preservation and multiplication of rare livestock.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.519-522
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• 2002

Body weight-age data from 60 bulls and 60 steer of Hanwoo in the Korean Native Cattle Improvement Center was used to determine the growth curve parameters with Gompertz equation. Estimated growth curve functions were as follows; Bul l : $W_t$ = 906.1.exp{－3.956.exp(－0.0034t)} Steer : $W_t$ = 823.1.exp{－3.301.exp(－0.0027t} Mature weight estimated with Gompertz equation of bull is higher than earlier studies. And the major factor raising differences from the other is feeding level. Relative body weights of steer to bull were rapidly decreased to 79.2% until 19.5 months of age, and then increased slowly. The ratio was 90.8% at mature state. Body weight was under-estimated for bull at birth, but over-estimated for steer, and the body weight variations of bull were larger than the steer.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.29-29
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• 2001

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.247-250
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• 2010

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 1993

Sixteen Korean native bulls weighing about 211 kg were randomly allotted to investigate the effect of different dietary calcium levels on performance. Feeding period was divided into growing period and fattening period for 180 days. Four calcium levels (0.44, 0.58, 0.72 and 0.86%) were used to each period. Bulls fed the diet containing 0.72% calcium had greater body weight gain and consumed more feed than bulls fed diets containing 0.44, 0.58 and 0.86% calcium and improved in feed efficiency. Bulls fed the diet containing 0.44% calcium were worst in performance. It can be concluded that Korean native bulls in growing and fattening period required no more than 0.72% calcium in diet that contained 0.55% phosphorus, and appeared that when ratio of calcium to phosphorus intake was 1.45, performance of Korean native bulls was most beneficial.