• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.105-145
• /
• 2020

This study analyzes the effect of institutionalization of Korean metropolitan councils on legislation productivity. Based on the theory of institutionalization of legislatures, three independent variables (stability, complexity and adaptability) were selected to measure the level of institutionalization of a metropolitan council and nine sub-analysis indicators. The main results of the analysis of the effect of the institutionalization of the metropolitan council on legislation productivity are as follows: First, the factors that determine the number of reported bills were the ratio of first-term lawmakers, average number of elected of the chairmen, number of special committees, number of legislative experts, actual age of metropolitan councils, and number of voters per lawmaker. Second, the factors that determine the rate of reported bills were the average number of elected of the chairmen, the number of special committees, the number of legislative experts, the actual age of metropolitan councils, and the number of voters per lawmaker. Third, the factors that determine the number of reported bills per lawmaker is the average number of elected of the chairmen, the actual age of metropolitan councils, and the number of voters per lawmaker. The above result points out that legislation productivity differences of past metropolitan councils can be understood as differences arising from legislative institutionalization levels and several policy considerations can be made to enhance legislation productivity of metropolitan councils.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.13-28
• /
• 2018

This study aimed to suggest the tasks which public support groups should fundamentally perceive and develop support models based on it so that socioeconomic activities, which have been spreading in recent years, can settle in local communities. For this aim, this study was proceeded based on Gyeonggi Province, which has established socioeconomic support center at metropolitan councils and local government councils. The demands by Gyeonggi Province residents toward the policies by Ddabok communities and local community invigoration measures have been examined through demand survey. In the analysis, characteristics and support tasks of the demands have been identified based on the survey results and six support models have been developed according to the tasks. The derived tasks are overcoming low understanding of Ddabok communities, low participation in community activities, and poor will to perform socioeconomic practices and satisfying the demand toward community activity areas adjacent to residence. Furthermore, the differences with the residents who have an experience of taking part in the Ddabok Community Project have to be overcome. Based on these study findings, this study suggested that support models of integration style and differentiated style, response to demand style and customization to capability style, and resources-focused style and resources-scattered style are necessary in order for socioeconomic communities like Ddabok communities to settle in local communities.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.120-130
• /
• 2020

This study aimed to provide an empirical analysis of the effect of preventive fire administration (PVFA) and prepared fire administration (PPFA) on response fire administration (RPFA) in fire service organizations in Korea. To this end, panel data was collected from 16 metropolitan councils from the period of 2008 to 2018 and statistically analyzed using PVFA, PPFA, and RPFA. The independent variables were PVFA and PPFA, while the dependent variable was RPFA. The analysis of the current situation of the specific target for firefighting (STFF), public use facilities, proof of completion of safety families for public use facilities, and special fire inspection were sub-variables of PVFA. Fire safety education (FSE) and the mobilization for fire suppression (MFS) were sub-variables of PPFA and RPFA, respectively. In the results, STFF and FSE had a significant positive influence on the MFS. This study will contribute to the basic research regarding the investigation of the effectivity of fire service organizations in Korea.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.125-134
• /
• 2020

This paper aimed to statistically analyze the impact of fire needs not considered in previous reports based on preventive and preparedness strategies of fire administration and fire budget.. The panel data came from 16 metropolitan councils from 2008 to 2018 and was statistically analyzed based on the preventive measures of the fire administration (agreement for building permission, specific target for fire-fighting, public use facilities, and special fire inspection [SFI]), preparedness of the fire administration (fire safety education [FSE]), response of the fire administration (mobilization for fire suppression [MFS] and mobilization for ambulance service [MAS]), and fire budget. In the results, SFI, FSE, and MFS had a significant negative influence on the fire budget. Meanwhile, MAS had a significant positive effect on the fire budget (p < 0.01). These results reflect public policy in Korea; there has been a paradigm shift in fire administration: from disaster acceptance (focusing on recovery) to disaster response (focusing on field response) to disaster preparedness (focusing on preparedness).

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.111-143
• /
• 2021

It is necessary to analyze the budget power during the budget process of the local council, paying attention to strengthening the capacity of local council and reinforcing expertise to secure accountability. The budget power of council is expressed in various terms such as power of the purse and the authority to control the budget, and focuses on the role of control and check in the council's budget process. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that political·administrative variables, social·economical variables affect the budget power of local council. The budget power of councils was set as the budget net modification rate and the period for processing the budget bill at the plenary session. And the effects of various variables were checked. As a result, the local council confirmed that there was a lack of checks and controls in the budget process.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.83-95
• /
• 2016

Strategies for parks and open spaces in the 21st century have moved from focusing on specific elements, such as quantitative growth and ecological and recreational aspects, to green infrastructure, which refers to a multi-functional network of open and green spaces offering a range of benefits. In the case of London, green infrastructure is realised as an integral part of urban infrastructure, involving physical and social infrastructure as well as practical spatial planning at the local level within statutory urban planning as part of a continuously developing green infrastructure framework with a theoretical basis. Taking this perspective, the present study looks at alterations to and developments in green infrastructure policies in the London Plan, the green grid framework as detailed in the city's strategic implementation of green infrastructure. Various trends and characteristics of the policies adopted in the London Plan and some implications are deduced, with three main results being identified. The first is a clear division of roles among the national government, Greater London Authority and borough councils, with local plans established under the guidance of the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) and the London Plan. Green infrastructure policies in the London Plan have been applied at a high rate in the boroughs' local plans, which leads to another, linked point. Secondly, green infrastructure policies and the green grid as an implementation framework have been consistently extended and developed through consolidating the London Plan, despite the change of government. Finally, in order to achieve the London Plan, the Mayor of London implemented policies by partnership and supporting programmes for London boroughs. Recently, the Seoul Metropolitan Authority introduced a parks and green spaces development policy, but the London case remains a good example; this is because green infrastructure policies in London were not a manifesto pledge but rather have been continuously and consistently advanced regardless of party politics and thus realised as long-term planning.