• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제35_36호
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• pp.37-48
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• 1998

When we hear someone's voice, even without having met the person before, we usually make up a certain mental image of the person. This study aims at investigating the relationship between the voice and the image information carried within the voice. Does the mental picture created by the voice closely reflect the real image and if not, is it related with the real image at all\ulcorner To answer the first question, a perception experiment was carried out. Speech samples reading a short sentence from 8 males and 8 females were recorded and pictures of subjects were also taken. Ajou University students were asked to participate in the experiment to match the voice with the corresponding picture. Participants in the experiment correctly match 1 female voice and 4 male voices with their corresponding pictures. However, it is interesting to note that even in cases of mismatch, the results show that there is a very strong tendency. In other words, even though participants falsely match a certain voice with a certain picture, majority of them chose the same picture for the voice. It is the case for all mismatches. It seems that voice does give the listener a certain impression about physical characteristics even if it might not be always correct. By showing that there is a clear relationship between voice and image, this study provides a starting point for further research on voice characteristics: what characteristics of the voice carry the relevant information\ulcorner This kind of study will contribute toward the understanding of the affective domain of human voice and toward the speech technology.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.27-43
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• 1970

This study is designed to find out proper nursing activities for the needs of the colostomy patients, i.e., mental and psychological as well as physical needs for rapid recovery, and to help them build up the follow-up care for proper social adjustment. The study is based on 268 cases out of 381 colostomy patient's records kept in Ewha Womans University Hospital, Yonsei Medical Center, and National Medical Center in between the period from Jan. 1953 to Jan. 1970. The items of study are mainly on etiology, sex, age, duration of hospitalization, mortality rate, seasonal frequency, time from the onset of illness to the admission of the hospital, signs and symptoms. 1. Frequency of onset by etiology: Neoplastic disease 112 cases (42%), Inflammatory disease 33 cases (12%), Congenital malformation 30 cases (11%), Intussusception 25 cases (9.3%), Trauma 24 cases (9%), Volvulus 17 cases (6.3%), and Crohn's disease 6 cases (2.2%). 2. By sex: male 167 cases (62.9%), and female 101 cases (37.1%). So the ratio of portion of male and female 2:1. 3. By age: under 1·year·old 27 cases (10.1%) highest, 41-50 yrs 54 cases (20.2%), 51-60 yrs 42 cases (15.5%), above 71 yrs 5 cases (1.9%). 4. Duration of hospitalization: the shortest is 2-days and the longest is 470 days. 1-20-days 52%, 40-60 days 14%. 5. Mortality rate: Under the 10-days-admission 19.5%, and the beyond 30-days-admission 3.9%. 6. Seasonal frequency: Higher in summer (32% ). 7. Signs and symptoms: abdominal pain (56%), abdominal distention (54%), vomiting (40%), bloody mucoid diarrhea (38%) , pain of anal region (18%), abdominal tenderness, anorexia, indigestion, constipation, disuria, tenesmus, high fever and chilling sensation, bile tingled vomiting. Nursing activities for the patient's physical needs are as follows: Skin care for colostomy region, Prevention of colostomy constriction and depression, Removal of an offensive odor, The use of colostomy bag-selection for, and demonstration of the use of inexpensive colostomy irrigation equipment, Personal hygiene, general skin care, care of hair, finger nails and toe-nails, Oral hygiene, sleep and rest, aquate, Daily activities, etc. Measures for regulation of bowl movement. Keeping the instruction of taking food, Preparing the meal and help for anorexia, Constipation and it's solution, Prevention of diarrhea, helping the removal of mucous, and stretch constricted steam as needed. Nursing activities for pt's socio-psychological needs are as follows; Help the patient to make decision for the operation, Remove pt's anxiety toward operation and anesthesia, To meet the pt's spiritual needs at his death bed, Help to establish family and friends cooperation, Help to reduce anxiety at the time of admission and it's solution, Help to meet religious need, Help to remove pt's anxiety for loosing his job and family maintenance, Follow-up studies for 7 cases have been done to implement the present thesis. The items of the personal interviews with the patients are as follows: Acceptability for artificial anus, The most anxious thing they had in mind at the time of discharge, The most anxious thing they hat·e in mind at present, Their friends and family's attitudes toward the patient after operation, Relations with other colostomy patients, Emotional damage from the operation, Physical problem of enema, irrigation, Control of diet, Skin care, Control of offensive odor, Patient's suggestions to nurses during hospital stay and after discharge. In conclusion, the follow-up care for colostomy patients shares equal weight or perhaps more than the post-operative care. The follow-up care should include the spiritual care for moral support of the patient, to drag him out of isolation and estrangement, and make him fully participate in social activities. It is suggested that the following measures would help to rehabilitate the colostomy patients (1) mutual acquaintance with other colostomy patients if possible form a sort of club for the colostomy patient to exchange their experiences in care (2) through the team work of doctor, nurse and rehabilitation specialists, to have a sort of concerted effort for betterment of the patient.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제21권
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• pp.113-138
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• 2010

This writing verifies ideology producing unethical stratification or discrimination targeting on Grandeur's TV commercial after 2008. And attempts to point out the utopia desired by those commercials reproduces distorted ideology at Korean society. To achieve this, the analysis model was postulated utilizing narratology and semiotics system in application of methodology. The result of discussion, is that the 2008 'Grandeur New Luxury' commercial can have utilized the inflected patriotism and sexual fantasies as the core strategy of storytelling. The fact trebly othering women's body from the point of view of gender ethics can be pointed out as the biggest problem in this commercial. 2009 'Grandeur New Luxury' frankly stimulates costumer's desire of stratum rise and possessiveness, circulating the logic 'owning a vehicle' is a proof of their existence. Also considering the meaning woman narration takes up in corresponding commercial, criticism utilizing feminine signifier as a tool to reinforce male success legend was available. Finally 2010 'The Luxury Grandeur' commercial was able to make a judgement using the mechanism of present consumption culture cleverly which Baudrilliard and Althusser has critically recognized. Because commercial images precisely utilizes the mistake called the 'phantasme-$m{\acute{e}}connaissance$' or the 'reconnaissance-$m{\acute{e}}connaissance$' that consumers easily make. Reminding TV commercials exerts control power against unspecified many sitting in front of the TV, continuous studies with same interest are needed in the future. This writing will be able to have a meaning as attempting narratological methodology for analyzing the storytelling of car TV commercials. But systemizing the criticism about the commercial as a single narrative with going through theoretical supplementation is being respected in the future.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.6-16
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to investigate elementary school 6th grade children's preconception on body's digestion, circulation, breathing and excretion. By means of questionnaire, teacher is presented with misconception which students may have. On the basis of this way, firstly they draw up and put in free-concepts were investigated from objective test and sought after misconeption which student had and inquired whether the result of response made difference by sex and areas or not The result of study is as follows: 1. In the course of investigating and analyzing mis-preconecptios, teacher had misconceptions partially, as like students. 2. Many a student have misconceptions: nourishment in made for itself in body. 3. In circulation range most of students know that heart is making blood, and they don't make conception that blood is nourishment which was eaten from food. 4. They know the breath is only physiological function: they breathe to live. All air-breathing is necessary. 5. They are not relevant blood in course of urine and sweat formation they have non-scientific conceptions which water eaten is so. They know that all of sweat and urine and ordure is excretion. To sum up, many student have misconceptions as for digestion and circulation and breath and excretion of body especially. Circulation and excretion is more so. if inspection in a field of sex, they will know male had less misconceptions than female. in a field of region, student from rural are as had more misconceptions than the one from urban areas.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.427-439
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of company employees. The importance of the selection factors of dental clinics by demographic characteristics. Methods : The subjects of this study was 218 employees. In this study, structured were used. Results : As for perception of the importance of traffic convenience by general characteristics, the company employees who were male, who were married, who had children, who continued to work for a longer period and who were better paid placed more significance on traffic convenience among the selection factors of dental institutions, and the gaps between them and their counterparts were significant. Regarding perception of the importance of the physical environments of dental institutions by general characteristics, those who were in their 20s and in their 50s and up, who were less educated, who worked for a smaller period and who were less paid gave more weight on the importance of physical environments, and the gaps between them and their counterparts were significant. As to perception of the importance of the image of dental institutions by general characteristics, monthly pay made a significant difference to that. Concerning the external qualifications of dental personnels, they took a significantly different view according to their age and monthly pay. In relation to perception of the importance of dental service by general characteristics, the women attached more importance to dental service than the men, and the intergroup gap was significant. In regard to perception of the importance of the basic components of dental institutions by general characteristics, those who were in their 40s and up, who had children, who were better paid and who were assistant directors were significantly different from their counterparts in their opinions on the importance of the basic components of dental institutions. Conclusions : The findings of the study suggest that dental institutions should make efforts to provide patients with the best medical service to gain their confidence.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2006

This study was attempted to Kinematical characteristics of the Endo $360^{\circ}$El-grip Swing on the horizontal bar. To do this, we selected and analyzed the performance of two athletes who did Endo $360^{\circ}$El-grip Swing in the horizontal bar competition of male artistic gymnastic in the 22nd Universiad Games 2003 Daegu. We drew the conclusions from the kinematical factors that were came out through analyzing three-dimensional cinematography of the athletes' movements, by using two video cameras. In point of analyzing the actual competition situation, it is expected that gymnastics and coaches have the effective informations, and the following conclusion had resulted. 1. When performing Endo $360^{\circ}$El-Grip, the average for entire required time was $1.93{\pm}0.06sec$. The average for descent phase time was $0.24{\pm}0.02sec$, ascent phase time was 0.22${\pm}0.07sec$, connecting phase time was $0.87{\pm}0.07sec$, and El-Grip phase time was $0.61{\pm}0.02sec$. The descent phase need short period of time but however to have a stable performance, ensuring ascent and connecting phase time are needed. El-Grip phase need short period of time to have a stable re-grasp. 2. To have a convenient preparation for El-Grip in descent and ascent phase, lowering CM, and ease up in sway and plunge from the High Bar would make descent and ascent even more faster and would have increase effect in trunk rotation. 3. In descent and ascent phase, if shoulder angle and arm slope is dwindling then it would effect rotation angle so might risk it from hitting a Bar when putting legs in and out. 4. In connecting phase, it requires some time to show stable performance when El-Grip phase is continued by using hip angle which would make trunk rotation angle bigger and make descent and ascent time slower. 5. In El-Grip phase, when doing motions like hand standing. using hip angle more than maximum would make CM even faster and it is stable position while performing.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2011

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of intermittent bleeding method in the distal phalanx replantation. Materials and Methods: From January 2007 through June 2009, authors have replanted 117 cases of distal phalangeal amputation in adults at Soo Hospital and Chonbuk National University Hospital. Cases of zone II were 60 cases and zone III 57 according to Allen classification. Male to female ratio was 8.7:1.3. The most common cause was machinery injury in the factory, 98 cases(83.8%), next one was belt injury of the machine, 11 cases(9.4%) and others, 8(6.8%). At least one digital artery and digital nerve were anastomosed under the operating microscope, but vein was impossible to anastomosis as unable to find out in the zone II and III. After anastomosis of one or more digital arteries and nerves, heparine(6,000-10,000 units) was kept to intravenous injection for 24 hours and at the same time fish mouth incision in 2-3 millimeter diameter was made in the distal radial and ulnar margin of the replanted distal phanlanx. From the first 30 minutes to an hour after replantation, incision site was swabbed with heparinized cotton ball for 5 minutes in every 30 to 40 minutes to make sure perfusion for 24 hours, every an hour at the second day, every two hours at the postoperative third to fifth day. Results: 92 cases(78.6%) was completely survived at average postoperative third week follow-up and satisfied with preservation of the finger nail, digit length, good range of motion of the distal interphalangeal joint and acceptable sensibility at average 1.2 years follow-up. Conclusions: Intermittant bleeding method in replantation of crushed distal phalanx impossible to anastomosis of vein at zone II and III of Allen classification was regarded as one of the notable salvage procedure.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2012

본 연구는 국제 결혼한 남성배우자의 역할수행(일상생활지지, 성생활만족, 부부간 갈등)과 결혼안정성과의 관계 분석을 위해 수행되었다. 현재 결혼 상태를 유지하고 있으면서 국제 결혼한 한국 남성을 대상으로 2010년 12월 15일부터 2011년 3월 12일까지 설문조사를 실시하였다. 총 300부의 설문지를 발송하여 247부가 회수되었고, 그중 불성실하게 기입된 설문지 27부를 제외한 220부를 실제분석에 사용하였다. 본 연구에서 나타난 주요 결과를 요약하여 제시하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 역할수행 중 일상생활지지가 높은 집단이 낮은 집단보다 결혼안정성이 높았다. 따라서 일상생활지지와 결혼만족도는 관련성이 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 역할 수행 중 부부간 갈등이 높은 집단이 낮은 집단보다. 결혼안정성이 높았다. 따라서 부부간 갈등과 결혼안정성은 관련성이 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 국제결혼 남성배우자의 긍정적 역할 수행은 결혼안정성에 긍정적인 효과가 있었다는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권47호
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• pp.103-123
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• 2017

최근 다수한국화장품 브랜드에서 남성 BB Cream을 출시하는 등 화장품은 여성전용이 아니라 많은 남성도 사용하기 시작 하였다. 연예인 김기수는 여성 화장품 메이크업하는 프로그램을 진행하면서 많은 인기를 끌었다. 지금 현대사회에서 남성과 여성의 젠더 스테레오타입은 2차원대립성 성별 다문화로 발전하고 있다. 2016년 서울 강남역 화장실 살인사건을 시발점으로 사회에서 여성 혐오 인식에 대한 화제도 거론되기 시작 하였다. 이 사건으로 페미니즘운동이 다시 일어났고 사회적으로 젠더 문제에 대한 관심도 점차 높아졌으며 사람들은 사회 건설의 주요한 남녀평등화 문제를 인식하게 되었다. 이러한 사회현상을 통하여 대중들은 사회생활 중 스테레오타입의 속박에서 벗어나는 것을 희망하고 있고 애니메이션 광고도 남녀 젠더 스테레오타입이 남성에 치우쳐 있던것으로부터 변화되기 시작하면서 남녀 캐릭터 성별 다양화와 내용전환에 중점을 두고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 애니메이션 광고가 번영하던 초기 광고들의 내용은 남성의 시각을 중심으로 스테레오타입화해서 캐릭터를 표현하였으며 남성 캐릭터를 미화하고 권력과 지위를 짊어지게 하였다. 광고 속 여성은 대부분 종속관계 역할을 맡았지만 페미니즘 운동이 부흥하면서 여성은 자아가치관과 사회평등성에 대해 욕구가 생겨나기 시작 하였다. 이런 현상들은 애니메이션 광고가 남녀 캐릭터를 디자인할 때 예전 전통을 깨뜨리고 스테레오타입이 변화된 새로운 남녀 캐릭터를 디자인하는데 영향을 주고 있다. 본 논문에서는 젠더 스테레오 타입의 네가지 요소를 바탕으로 60년대 Rosenkrantz,et al. 대학생을 대상으로 성별 정의 관념에 대한 조사를 연구방법론으로 사용하였다. 이를 바탕으로 애니메이션 광고 중에서 남녀 성별 표현을 조사한 결과 애니메이션 광고 중의 남녀 이미지 성별표현의 변화는 사회문화의 영향 하에 변화 된다는 것을 알 수 있다. 지금 변화하고 있는 사회 현상에 따라 애니메이션 광고도 대중 성향에 맞는 작품을 구성 한다면 더욱 쉽게 대중과 소비자들에게 받아들일 수 있고 인정을 받을 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 사회배경 속에서 새로운 사상과 양성에 관한 토론을 애니메이션 광고에 응용하여 남녀 캐릭터를 디자인 한다면 애니메이션 광고의 새로운 발전 방향을 개척 하는데 도움이 될 것인지 본 연구를 통해 알아보고자 한다.

• 복식
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• 제66권5호
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• pp.66-81
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• 2016

This study is designed to understand the problems of existing Korean male soldiers' winter uniform tops by researching its current state, and contribute to developing uniforms with improved size and motion appropriateness. Military bases were visited to research satisfaction of size and motion appropriateness of the current winter uniform tops. 193 soldiers were surveyed and interviewed, and the shape and fit of the standard sizes of the inner and outer layers of the current winter uniform were analyzed. Findings of this study are as follows. 1) Compared to the new combat uniforms that soldiers were wearing in their appropriate size (of the 44 sizes), there were many cases where the soldiers were not wearing winter uniform inner (of the 8 sizes) or outer (of the 18 sizes) layers in the correct size for their body. 2) A total of 37 combat uniform sizes appropriate for the body shapes were expected to be newly applied, and inside and outside layers of winter tops would be presented as sets of 14 different sizes in step with the new combat uniform sizes, instead of the existing 8 inside layer sizes and 18 outside layer sizes. 3) The inner and outer layer of the existing winter uniform tops had several problems with the shape and fit. First, the inner layer was shorter than the combat uniform. Its shoulder width was wide, but the sleeve length was short creating lack of coverage, and the angle connecting the sleeve and bodice was very small creating a high sleeve cap curve and narrow sleeve width that make motions difficult and cause discomfort. As for the outer layer, the hem moved up when soldiers bent over or adjusted the waist string so the top could not sufficiently cover, the shoulder width was wide and the sleeve length was short, requiring improvements.