• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2017

This study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial resistance profiles and resistance genes in 62 Escherichia coli isolated from dogs and cats hospitalized at animal hospitals in Daegu. E. coli isolates showed high resistance to nalidixic acid (46.8%) and ampicillin (45.2%). Resistance to the other antimicrobial agents was less than 30%, and no resistant isolates were detected for imipenem and amikacin. Of the 28 ampicillin-resistant isolates, TEM and CTX-M genes were detected in 16 (57.1%) and 11 (39.3%), respectively. The aadA gene was found in 4 (26.7%) of 15 gentamicin-resistant isolates, and strA-strB gene was found in 10 (66.7%) isolates. The sul I and sul II genes were detected in 11 (61.1%) and 14 (77.8%) of 18 trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-resistant isolates, and tetB gene in 9 (81.8%) of 11 minocycline-resistant isolates, and cmlA gene in 2 (22.2%) of 8 chloramphenicol-resistant isolates. The qnrB and qnrS genes were found in 3 (10.3%) and 1 (3.4%) of 28 nalidixic acid-resistant isolates, respectively. Whereas, none of the SHV, CMY-2, tetA, dfr Ia and dfr VII, and qnrA genes were found. Our results show a wide variety of resistance genes in E. coli isolates from dogs and cats. This study also represents the first report of qnrB and qnrS gene producing E. coli isolates from dogs in republic of Korea.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.407-415
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• 1994

Present experiments were undertaken in order to find out the most available diagnostic method for acute pancreatitis. Experimental dogs were divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental dogs were laparotomized and their pancreatic ducts were ligated for the induction of pancreatitis. The control dogs were laparotomized only for comparison. In addition to the complete blood count, serum amylase and lipase activities, serum glucose, total protein and albumin contents were measured daily for 11 days after the operation. Fecal fat droplet count by Sudan III staining and fecal trypsin activity examination by x-ray film digetion test were also undertaken daily. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. Serum amylase activities of the experimental group increased to peak on the third day and returned to the preoperative values on the eighth day. 2. Serum lipase activities of the experimental group increased to peak on the first day and returned to the preopertive values within six to eight days. 3. Serum glucose contents of the experimental group showed significant increse only on the first day. 4. Serum albumin contents of the experimental group decreased significantly during the experimental period. Whereas those of the control group significantly decreased only on the first day. 5. The experimental group showed marked leukocytosis, neutrophilia, and lymphopenia for the first 5 or 8 days. Whereas the control group showed only neutrophilia for the first 3 days. 6. The results of fecal fat droplet count showed some diagnostic value on the third and fourth day in only one experimental dog(No 1). No significant changes in the fecal trypsin activity were noticed in all dogs. 7. Histopathologically. all dogs of experimental group showed changes of pancreatitis. However the degree of the pancreatic lesion was not pararell to the degree of the serum amylase or lipase activity changes.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.90-94
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of immediate non-functional loading by analyzing histomorphology around the implant tissues in dogs. Five eight- to nine-month-old full-grown dogs weighing around 12 kg were used in the study. Group I (control group) comprised those in which delayed loading was applied to the right side of the mandible, and Group II (experimental group) consisted of dogs in which immediate loading was performed on the left side of the mandible. Resorbable blast media (RBM)-treated double-threaded US III implants measuring 3.5 mm in diameter and 11 mm long were used in the study. Each animal received four implants in each group, for a total of 40 implants. Cemented type abutments were used after implantation. An 8-week period was allowed for bone healing and an abutment was placed after exposing the periosteum for loading. An implant sample was obtained from bone blocks taken when the dogs were killed at 16 weeks after loading. A Mann-Whitney U-test was performed to evaluate statistical significance. Student's t-test was used for the histological evaluation. The bone formation ratio in Groups 1 and 2 was 88.23 and 86.41%, respectively. No significant difference in new bone formation was observed in the two groups. As no significant difference was seen in new bone formation between the delayed and immediate loading groups, early loading might be possible after implant placement.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.1197-1209
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• 1999

Twenty-one dogs(male 11 heads, female 10 heads) which were about 16 months ($16.3{\pm}3.5$) old and 10kg($10.1{\pm}2.0$) body weight, were allotted randomly into four groups as follows. Group I consisted of five dogs whose muscles were operated for sham muscle injuries. Group II consisted of seven dogs treated for cystic duct obstruction. Group III consisted of five dogs treated for the union fracture model. Group IV consisted of five dogs treated for the non-union fracture model. Radiographical and histological observations were carried out to determine bone alkaline phosphatase(BALP) and total alkaline phosphatase(TALP) values of each group for 20 weeks after the treatments with the condition of new bone formation. And also the applicability of percentage of BALP values to TALP (B/T) was studied after BALP was compared respectively with TALP. The level of TALP was increased without any relation to bone formation in group II, and all levels of BALP and B/T were increased in group III. The mean of B/T was high in statistical significance, due to varied levels of B/T and BALP. The changes of rates of B/T were significantly increased only in the case of the active new bone formation in group III, union fracture model. It was recognized that the mean values of B/T were statistical significant of the high applicability of the B/T ratio as an index of bone formation.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.645-652
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• 1999

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of bovine amniotic membrane grafts on healing of full-thickness skin wound in dogs. Two $3cm{\times}3cm$ area-matched full-thickness skin wounds were induced bilaterally on the dorsolateral aspect of the trunk of 15 dogs. Chlorhexidine-treated amnion, dried amnion, silver sulfadiazine and 0.9% sterile saline solution were applied on the wound area and examined grossly and histopathologically. Begining 14 days after wounding, amnion applied group had appreciably less amount of inflammatory exudate and hemorrhage than sulfadiazine and saline treated groups. From 14 days after wounding, the degree of wound contraction in amnion groups, especially in the dried amnion group was greater than that of the sulfadiazine and saline treated groups. The percentages of wounds completely healed on 28 days after wounding in saline treated group, chlorhexidine-treated amnion group, dried amnion group and sulfadiazine treated group were 33%, 50%, 83% and 50%, respectively. Microscopically neovascularization and fibrosis were first noticed on 5 days after wounding in the dried amnion group and sulfadiazine treated group, on 7 days in the chlorhexidine-treated amnion group and on 14 days in the saline treated group. Epithelialization in the dried amnion and sulfadiazine treated groups was first noticed on 9 days after wounding, which was faster than that in the other groups. The present study suggests that bovine amniotic membrane, especially dried bovine amnion is effective on healing of full-thickness skin wound in dogs through both wound contraction and epithelialization.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.215-221
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• 2005

Canine coronavirus (CCV) causes a mild gastroenteritis in dogs. The virus is highly contagious. Although the virus was isolated more than thirty years ago, canine coronavirus infection continues to be a widespread problem. Mixed infections with both CCV and canine parvovirus (CPV) are common. Four kinds of commercial killed CCV vaccines are available in Korea. All the commercial vaccines should pass the National Assay for Veterinary Biologicals prior to release. For the potency test of CCV vaccine, it is necessary to use CCV antibody free dogs. The test requires not only kennels but high cost. To develop easy, efficient and economic potency test method for killed CCV vaccine using laboratory animals, a series of experiments with rabbits and guinea pigs were carried out in this study. In the preliminary test, the guinea pigs showed better immune responses than rabbits. The guinea pig was also easy to manage. So guinea pig was selected for the potency test animals. When the guinea pigs were inoculated twice with one dose of vaccine intramuscuarly each, slower and a little lower SN antibody titers were induced in guinea pigs than in dogs (about 2 kg body weight Beagle strain) given the same posology as guinea pigs'. It was concluded that guinea pigs could be substituted for dogs in the potency test of killed CCV vaccine.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.397-408
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• 1999

In the year of 1998 the heads of dog raised in Korea were 1,846,411 and the number of the households raising dogs is 819,112 which means that the heads of pet dog and edible dos were 819,112 and 1,027,299, respectively, because each house raised about one pet dog and one edible dog breeder raised hundreds of dog. in 1998 the number of exported dogs came to 28 heads and that of imported dogs was 296 heads. But edible dog that was slaughtered or processed has not been reported to be exported or imported. It is known that at the Shenyang Xingshan Food Ltd in Shenyang, Chinese, 300,000 heads of dogs were rais-ed slaughtered and processed of dog meat per year, and 20% of them were exported. In Korea the cook of dog meat is a special food culture with a long history. During the Chosun dynasty dog meat had been eaten to be cooked diversely such as Gaejangkuk(a soup) Suyuk(a boiled meat) Sundae(a sausage) Kui(a roasted meat) Gaezim(a steamed meat) Nurumi(a meat roasted or fried to which lot of spice paste are added) Gaesoju(an extract) Musulju(a wine) Musuldang(a sweet cane) Now it is cooked as Bosintang(a soup) Suyuk (a boiled meat) Jeongol (boiled meat mixed with spices vegetables and water on the pot) Duruchigi(boiled meat added spice vegatasble and slightly roasted) Muchim(boiled meat added by spice and mixed) Gaesoju(an extract) with the number of recipes lessened compared with those of the old times. The reason is due to the intervention and criticism from foreign countries. But foreigner's blame for the dog meat is absurd and excessive action because Korea raises exceptional dogs which are edible.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2019

This study was performed to investigate antimicrobial resistance in bacterial isolates obtained from companion dogs in veterinary hospitals and an animal shelter in Incheon. Drug resistance was examined respectively with the isolates of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. The prevalence of drug resistance was calculated for each bacterial species towards 163 E. coli isolates, 156 E. faecalis isolates, and 86 S. pseudintermedius isolates by using selected antimicrobials. E. coli isolates were highly resistant to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline (47.9%, 28.2% and 28.2%, respectively). E. faecalis isolates were highly resistant to quinupristin-dalfopristin, tetracycline, kanamycin, rifampicin (69.8%, 66.0%, 53.8% and 51.9%, respectively). Higher levels of resistance were detected for ampicillin, penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, telithromycin in S. pseudintermedius isolates (83.7%~52.6%, respectively). Occurrence of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) was confirmed by oxacillin disc diffusion method, resulted in 23.3% occurrence among the S. pseudintermedius isolates (20/86 strains). The occurrence ratio of multidrug-resistance in the isolates of E. coli, E. faecalis, and S. pseudintermedius was 34.5%, 56.9%, and 67.9%, respectively. In this study, higher levels of antimicrobial drug resistance were observed in bacterial isolates obtained from dogs in Incheon. A regular monitoring and surveillance program should be implemented to prevent the emergence and spread of the drug-resistant bacteria carried in companion dogs.

• 한국수정란이식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수정란이식학회 2002년도 국제심포지엄
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• pp.91-91
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• 2002

Considerable attention has been focused on the cryopreservation of semen and estrus induction in dog, as consequence of poor productivity caused by long anestrus period, in order to enhance the productivity of youngs and to preserve the breeds. The objectives of this study were to develop a treatment protocol for estrus induction. Fifty infertilie dogs (age 2∼3 years) were selected for the study and divided into three different estrus induction treatment groups. Group 1: dogs (n=15) were given clomifane (0.1 mg/kg) orally for five days at 12 hr intervals. Group 2: dogs (n=15) were given bromocriptine (50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg) orally for five days at 12 hr intervals, followed by single injection intravenously of 500 IU GnRH (Group 3, n=20) when pro-estrus occurred. After being treated, the dogs were evaluated for the rates of estrus induction and time interval lapses from treatment to beginning of the pro-estrus. The estrus induction rates were significantly (P<0.05) higher in both group 2 (9/15, 73.3%) and group 3 (16/20, 80.0%) than that of group 1 (9/15, 60.0%), but did not differ in the groups 2 and 3. No differences were observed in the time interval lapses from treatment to beginning of the pro-estrus in group 2 (7.7 ${\pm}$ 1.2 days) and group 3 (6.9 ${\pm}$ 2.0 days), but significantly (P<0.05) shorter than that of group 1 (9.5 ${\pm}$ 2.1 days). In conclusion, the estrus induction rate of dogs treated with a combination of GnRH and bromocriptine was more effective than use of clomifene or bromocriptine only.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 1999

It was performed to evaulate the effects of occlusion of mandibular gland and sublingual gland on the mandibular gland in dogs. The occlusion of mandibular gland and sublingual gland was induced by ligature in clinically normal dogs, and ultrasonograpic appearance, hematological changes and histological changes of the mandibular gland were observed daily during 6 days. The results were as follows. 1. The length, width, circumference and area of the mandibular gland in clinically normal dogs were 25.1 mm, 8.4 mm, 56.4 mm and 163.0 $\textrm{mm}^2$ in the left, and 23.4 mm, 8.0 mm, 53.3 mm and 141.6 $\textrm{mm}^2$in the right. 2. The length, width, circumference and area of the mandibular gland were gradually increased after ligature of the salivary duct, and revealed maximum values, as 33.4 mm, 10.9 mm, 73.0 mm and 287.2 $\textrm{mm}^2$, respectively, at 24 hours after ligature, and returned to normal size at 3 days after ligature. 3. The size of the opposite mandibular gland without ligature was also gradually increased until 24 hours, and returned to normal size at 3 days, similar to the changes of the mandibular gland with ligature. 4. There were no significant changes after ligature of the salivary duct in hematological findings. 5. In histopathological findings, the major of glandular alveoli was enlarged at 24 hours after ligature of the salivary duct, and neutrophils and monocytes were infiltrated at 6 days after ligature.